A compreensão de professores de Educação Física sobre saúde e suas implicações no planejamento da prática pedagógica
Data
2023-06-28
Autores
Lima, Juliane Pereira 
Orientadores
Oliveira, Rogério Cruz de
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Os objetivos do estudo consistem em avaliar a compreensão de professores de Educação Física
de escolas públicas e privadas de ensino fundamental de rede municipal e estadual de São Paulo
sobre saúde, bem como compreender as implicações dessa compreensão no planejamento da
prática pedagógica. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa. Participaram
do estudo nove professores de Educação Física de ambos os sexos e de qualquer faixa etária,
do ensino fundamental lotados em escolas públicas e privadas do Brasil. A coleta de dados
envolveu aplicação de um questionário virtual disponibilizado em redes sociais e na página da
Unifesp Campus Baixada Santista, sendo abordadas questões abrangentes relacionadas ao perfil
docente, além de aspectos específicos no que tange a concepção de saúde e sua consideração
no planejamento pedagógico. A análise dos dados se deu por categorias não apriorísticas. Em
termos de resultados, temos profissionais de Educação Física com graduação concluída em
instituições públicas entre os anos de 1998 e 2014, além de, possuírem pós-graduação entre os
anos 2000 e 2021 e tempo de atuação no âmbito escolar acima de quatro anos. No que se refere
à concepção de saúde, as respostas convergiram para o bem-estar e condições de vida das
pessoas, vislumbrando uma relação com a Educação Física a partir da conscientização, relação
causal com o exercício físico, autoconhecimento, fomento de melhorias, aptidão física e prática
de atividade física. Todos afirmam que a temática saúde é considerada no planejamento
pedagógico, tendo como objetivos: reflexão crítica; conscientização; fomento de melhorias, e;
experimentação. Nesse sentido, os conteúdos elencados pelos professores estão relacionados
com a cultura corporal, exercício físico, doenças, aspectos orgânicos funcionais, nutrição,
qualidade de vida e sedentarismo, benefícios do exercício físico, higiene e lesões, sendo estes
selecionados a partir da Base Nacional Comum Curricular, dos interesses e demanda da
comunidade e/ou dos alunos, bem como das diretrizes municipais e/ou estaduais de cada
unidade escolar. No que se refere à avaliação, os professores afirmaram avaliar seus estudantes
a partir dos critérios de participação e aproximação/distanciamento com o conteúdo
desenvolvido, a partir dos instrumentos de observações e registros da rotina discente, provas,
trabalhos, discussões e avaliação física. Conclui-se que os professores compreendem saúde
numa perspectiva restrita, implicando num planejamento que se alinha às pedagogias
tradicionais da Educação Física, entretanto, com flertes à pedagogia crítica.
The objectives of the study are to assess the understanding of Physical Education teachers from public and private elementary schools in the municipal and state networks of São Paulo regarding health, as well as to comprehend the implications of this understanding in the planning of pedagogical practice. This is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The study involved nine Physical Education teachers of both sexes and any age range, working in elementary schools in Brazil, both public and private. Data collection involved the administration of a virtual questionnaire made available on social networks and the website of Unifesp Campus Baixada Santista. The questionnaire addressed comprehensive questions related to the teachers' profile, as well as specific aspects regarding their conception of health and its consideration in pedagogical planning. Data analysis was conducted using nonaprioristic categories. In terms of results, we have Physical Education professionals who completed their undergraduate degrees in public institutions between 1998 and 2014. They also have postgraduate degrees obtained between 2000 and 2021, with a professional experience in the educational field of over four years. Regarding the conception of health, the responses converged towards well-being and living conditions of individuals, envisioning a relationship with Physical Education through awareness, a causal relationship with physical exercise, selfknowledge, promotion of improvements, physical fitness, and engagement in physical activities. All participants affirmed that the health theme is considered in their pedagogical planning, with objectives such as critical reflection, awareness, promotion of improvements, and experimentation. In this sense, the contents identified by the teachers are related to body culture, physical exercise, diseases, organic and functional aspects, nutrition, quality of life, sedentary lifestyle, benefits of physical exercise, hygiene, and injuries. These contents are selected based on the National Common Curricular Base, the interests and demands of the community and/or students, as well as the municipal and/or state guidelines of each school unit. Regarding assessment, the teachers reported evaluating their students based on criteria such as participation and engagement with the developed content, using observation and records of student routines, tests, assignments, discussions, and physical assessment. It can be concluded that the teachers understand health from a restricted perspective, which implies a planning that aligns with traditional pedagogies of Physical Education, with flirtations towards critical pedagogy.
The objectives of the study are to assess the understanding of Physical Education teachers from public and private elementary schools in the municipal and state networks of São Paulo regarding health, as well as to comprehend the implications of this understanding in the planning of pedagogical practice. This is a descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The study involved nine Physical Education teachers of both sexes and any age range, working in elementary schools in Brazil, both public and private. Data collection involved the administration of a virtual questionnaire made available on social networks and the website of Unifesp Campus Baixada Santista. The questionnaire addressed comprehensive questions related to the teachers' profile, as well as specific aspects regarding their conception of health and its consideration in pedagogical planning. Data analysis was conducted using nonaprioristic categories. In terms of results, we have Physical Education professionals who completed their undergraduate degrees in public institutions between 1998 and 2014. They also have postgraduate degrees obtained between 2000 and 2021, with a professional experience in the educational field of over four years. Regarding the conception of health, the responses converged towards well-being and living conditions of individuals, envisioning a relationship with Physical Education through awareness, a causal relationship with physical exercise, selfknowledge, promotion of improvements, physical fitness, and engagement in physical activities. All participants affirmed that the health theme is considered in their pedagogical planning, with objectives such as critical reflection, awareness, promotion of improvements, and experimentation. In this sense, the contents identified by the teachers are related to body culture, physical exercise, diseases, organic and functional aspects, nutrition, quality of life, sedentary lifestyle, benefits of physical exercise, hygiene, and injuries. These contents are selected based on the National Common Curricular Base, the interests and demands of the community and/or students, as well as the municipal and/or state guidelines of each school unit. Regarding assessment, the teachers reported evaluating their students based on criteria such as participation and engagement with the developed content, using observation and records of student routines, tests, assignments, discussions, and physical assessment. It can be concluded that the teachers understand health from a restricted perspective, which implies a planning that aligns with traditional pedagogies of Physical Education, with flirtations towards critical pedagogy.
Descrição
Citação
LIMA, Juliane Pereira. A compreensão de professores de Educação Física sobre saúde e suas implicações no planejamento da prática pedagógica. 2023. 55 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Santos, 2023.