Controle social no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar: desafios da democratização
Data
2011-11-24
Autores
Machado, Florentina Oliveira 
Orientadores
Goldenberg, Paulete
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O presente estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar o controle social no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar – PNAE, exercido pelo Conselho de Alimentação Escolar - CAE, na perspectiva da cidadania ativa. Controle social institucionalizado é a participação de representantes de segmentos da sociedade civil organizada, em Conselhos populares, no controle social dos serviços e das políticas públicas. Esse estudo buscou investigar o desafio do exercício da participação popular no âmbito do controle social autônomo, na perspectiva da cidadania ativa associada à emancipação. Adotando uma abordagem quali-quanti foram selecionados para investigação em caráter exploratório, Conselhos que atuam no controle da política de alimentação escolar em modelos de gestão centralizada, descentralizada e semicentralizada. Os procedimentos metodológicos se desdobraram em dois eixos - o primeiro tratou do controle social no plano legal, utilizando-se da análise de artigos de leis e normas reguladoras do modelo: Constituição Federal (1988), Plano Diretor de Reforma do Aparelho de Estado (1995), Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (1996), Plano Nacional de Educação (2001), Normas regulamentadoras específicas do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar: Lei 11.947 (2009) e Resolução nº 038 (2009). O segundo eixo buscou investigar o controle social no plano institucional, combinando análise documental com investigação dos conselhos na prática do controle social. Para tal, foram aplicados questionários junto aos conselheiros e realizadas entrevista com os Gestores. Os dados foram registrados em quadros e planilhas do sistema EXCCEL, utilizando-se para tratamento dos dados qualitativos o recurso da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelam que, no plano formal, o modelo atende aos princípios da cidadania ativa, mas apresenta inconsistência na sua estruturação, delineando atribuições de controle social focadas na função fiscal. Revela ainda, que o modelo estabelece uma relação de dependência, conselheiro-gestor, que favorece o atrelamento dos Conselhos ao Poder local, delimitando o espectro de autonomia dos conselheiros. Os resultados sugerem alteração na estruturação do modelo e elaboração de um Programa de orientação envolvendo a educação permanente para Conselheiros.
This study aims to characterize the social control in the National Program of School Feeding - NPSF, exercised by the Board of School Food - BSF, in a perspective of active citizenship. Institutionalized Social Control is the participation of representatives from segments of the organized civil society, in the popular councils, in the social control of services and public policies. The study tried to investigate the challenge of the exercise of popular participation into the autonomous social control, from the perspective of active citizenship related to the emancipation. Adopting a quali-quanti approach, Councils were selected to investigation in an explanatory character, that operate in the control of the policy of school feeding in centralized, decentralized and semi-centralized management models. Methodological procedures were deployed on two axes - the first one approaches the social control in the legal area, using articles of laws and regulatory norms of the model: Federal Constitution, 1988, Law of Directives and Bases of Education, 1996, Master Plan for Reforming the State Apparatus, 1995, National Education Plan, 2001, Specific Regulatory Standards of the National School Feeding Program: Law No. 11947, 2009 and Resolution No. 038, 2009; the second axe tried to investigate social control in the institutional area, combining documental analysis with the investigation of councils in the practice of social control. Therefore, questionnaires were applied to counselors and interviews were realized with the managers. The data were recorded in tables and spreadsheets EXCEL system, using the resources of content analysis for the analysis of qualitative data. The results suggest that, in the formal area, the model meets the active citizenship principles, but the results also show inconsistency in the structure, outlining attributions of social control focused on fiscal function. The model establishes a relationship of dependency counselorsmanagers, which promotes the bundling of Councils to the Local Authority, delimiting the spectrum of the autonomy of the counselors. The results suggest changes in model structure and the elaboration of an Orientation Program involving the permanent education for council members.
This study aims to characterize the social control in the National Program of School Feeding - NPSF, exercised by the Board of School Food - BSF, in a perspective of active citizenship. Institutionalized Social Control is the participation of representatives from segments of the organized civil society, in the popular councils, in the social control of services and public policies. The study tried to investigate the challenge of the exercise of popular participation into the autonomous social control, from the perspective of active citizenship related to the emancipation. Adopting a quali-quanti approach, Councils were selected to investigation in an explanatory character, that operate in the control of the policy of school feeding in centralized, decentralized and semi-centralized management models. Methodological procedures were deployed on two axes - the first one approaches the social control in the legal area, using articles of laws and regulatory norms of the model: Federal Constitution, 1988, Law of Directives and Bases of Education, 1996, Master Plan for Reforming the State Apparatus, 1995, National Education Plan, 2001, Specific Regulatory Standards of the National School Feeding Program: Law No. 11947, 2009 and Resolution No. 038, 2009; the second axe tried to investigate social control in the institutional area, combining documental analysis with the investigation of councils in the practice of social control. Therefore, questionnaires were applied to counselors and interviews were realized with the managers. The data were recorded in tables and spreadsheets EXCEL system, using the resources of content analysis for the analysis of qualitative data. The results suggest that, in the formal area, the model meets the active citizenship principles, but the results also show inconsistency in the structure, outlining attributions of social control focused on fiscal function. The model establishes a relationship of dependency counselorsmanagers, which promotes the bundling of Councils to the Local Authority, delimiting the spectrum of the autonomy of the counselors. The results suggest changes in model structure and the elaboration of an Orientation Program involving the permanent education for council members.
Descrição
Citação
MACHADO, Florentina Oliveira. Controle Social no Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar: Desafios da Democratização. 2011. 194 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Profissional em Ensino em Ciências da Saúde) - Escola Paulista de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2011.