“Pra falar de crise a gente precisa falar de muita coisa”: compreensões da crise na Clínica de Álcool e outras Drogas a partir das vozes dos usuários de CAPS AD
Data
2024-06-26
Autores
Benetti, Angela Slongo 
Orientadores
Surjus, Luciana Togni de Lima e Silva
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O cuidado de pessoas que fazem uso de drogas, a partir da perspectiva da Redução de Danos (RD), insere em sua intervenção o olhar subjetivo e singular, além de considerar a tríade pessoa-contexto-droga ao pensar o cuidado de cada um. Assim, buscamos identificar a partir desta pesquisa o que é a crise relacionada com uso abusivo de drogas, assumindo toda a complexidade que a envolve. Como objetivos específicos, propõe-se conhecer o que os usuários atendidos em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Álcool e outras Drogas (CAPSad) caracterizam como crise, além de analisar possíveis determinações sociais das situações de agravamento no percurso do cuidado. Pretendeu-se, também, compreender quais são os possíveis efeitos da exigência da abstinência para a crise destes usuários, além de reconhecer junto a esta população práticas de cuidado possíveis e potentes. A partir da hipótese de que as vivências dos usuários podem evidenciar as dimensões que envolvam uma conceituação de crise, utilizamos da metodologia da Hermenêutica Crítica e Narrativa para analisar as experiências vividas por estes usuários, no contexto do cuidado no CAPSad. Assim, elementos como os preconceitos e discriminações relacionados ao uso de drogas, o proibicionismo e o paradigma da abstinência, por um lado, exacerbados em um momento histórico de crescente conservadorismo e, por outro lado, a construção do cuidado a partir da RD, com olhar pra subjetividade e com cuidado em liberdade e de forma antimanicomial, levem à conceitos de crise distintos. Neste trabalho, os achados a partir dos relatos dos usuários indicaram a crise como uma experiência complexa, que atravessa múltiplos contextos e realidades, e que se dissocia da ideia de que uma pessoa está em crise quando está fazendo uso abusivo de drogas. Também encontramos caminhos e direções possíveis para a prática de cuidado desta população, que perpassa a redução de danos, o cuidado em espaço protegido e os recursos artísticos.
The care of people who use drugs, from the perspective of Harm Reduction (HR), incorporates a subjective and unique view into its intervention, in addition to considering the person-context-drug triad when thinking about the care of each individual. Thus, we aim to identify through this research what a crisis related to drug abuse is, assuming all the complexity that surrounds it. As specific objectives, we propose to understand what users treated at a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAPSad) characterize as a crisis, as well as to analyze possible social determinants of aggravating situations in the course of care. We also intended to understand what the possible effects of the requirement of abstinence are on the crisis of these users, as well as to recognize with this population possible and powerful care practices. Based on the hypothesis that the experiences of the users can highlight the dimensions involving a concept of crisis, we used the methodology of Critical and Narrative Hermeneutics to analyze the lived experiences of these users in the context of care at CAPSad. Thus, elements such as prejudices and discriminations related to drug use, prohibitionism, and the paradigm of abstinence, on the one hand, exacerbated in a historical moment of growing conservatism, and on the other hand, the construction of care based on HR, with attention to subjectivity and care in freedom and in an anti-asylum manner, lead to different concepts of crisis. In this work, the findings from the users' reports indicated that the crisis is a complex experience that crosses multiple contexts and realities and that dissociates from the idea that a person is in crisis when they are abusing drugs. We also found possible paths and directions for the care practice of this population, which encompass harm reduction, care in a protected space, and artistic resources.
The care of people who use drugs, from the perspective of Harm Reduction (HR), incorporates a subjective and unique view into its intervention, in addition to considering the person-context-drug triad when thinking about the care of each individual. Thus, we aim to identify through this research what a crisis related to drug abuse is, assuming all the complexity that surrounds it. As specific objectives, we propose to understand what users treated at a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Other Drugs (CAPSad) characterize as a crisis, as well as to analyze possible social determinants of aggravating situations in the course of care. We also intended to understand what the possible effects of the requirement of abstinence are on the crisis of these users, as well as to recognize with this population possible and powerful care practices. Based on the hypothesis that the experiences of the users can highlight the dimensions involving a concept of crisis, we used the methodology of Critical and Narrative Hermeneutics to analyze the lived experiences of these users in the context of care at CAPSad. Thus, elements such as prejudices and discriminations related to drug use, prohibitionism, and the paradigm of abstinence, on the one hand, exacerbated in a historical moment of growing conservatism, and on the other hand, the construction of care based on HR, with attention to subjectivity and care in freedom and in an anti-asylum manner, lead to different concepts of crisis. In this work, the findings from the users' reports indicated that the crisis is a complex experience that crosses multiple contexts and realities and that dissociates from the idea that a person is in crisis when they are abusing drugs. We also found possible paths and directions for the care practice of this population, which encompass harm reduction, care in a protected space, and artistic resources.