Intervenção precoce no transtorno do espectro autista: educação permanente fortalecendo a rede de cuidado
Data
2021-06-11
Autores
Patti, Lucimara Patricia 
Orientadores
Nicolau, Stella Maris
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O Ministério da Saúde institui em 2012 a Rede de Cuidados à Pessoa com Deficiência que sistematiza a Linha de Cuidado para a Pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) no âmbito do SUS. No município de Praia Grande/SP instituiu-se em 2018 o SIPTEA, serviço que, frente à baixa detecção de risco das crianças com TEA pela Atenção Básica, passa a empreender ações de Educação Permanente em Saúde junto aos profissionais desses serviços a fim de sensibilizá-los e instrumentalizá-los na detecção e intervenção precoce dos sinais de TEA, qualificando ações junto à criança e sua família ainda na primeiríssima infância, fato que comprovadamente impacta positivamente no prognóstico. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é compreender a intervenção precoce no TEA na atenção básica, e os sentidos das ações de educação permanente em saúde para a mudança na abordagem dos profissionais da Atenção Básica, com foco no trabalho em equipe e em rede junto às crianças com sinais de risco para TEA. O estudo realizado teve caráter qualitativo e exploratório com entrevistas semiestruturadas com nove profissionais da atenção primária, transcritas e submetidas à análise temática de conteúdo. Foram identificadas cinco categorias: 1) Protocolo de Puericultura na Atenção Básica: nem todas as equipes seguem as recomendações do ministério da saúde e incluem a identificação de risco para TEA em suas ações. 2) Intervenção Precoce na Atenção Básica: há uma tendência em valorizar sua importância, mas como ação dos serviços especializados. 3) Acesso Avançado na Atenção Básica: equipes se sentem muito pressionadas para responder às demandas não agendadas e com pouco espaço nas agendas e mesmo energia para outros trabalhos, como as ações de identificação e intervenção de risco para TEA. 4) Educação Permanente em Saúde: equipes reconhecem sua importância e identificam algumas mudanças no processo de trabalho após serem sensibilizados sobre o tema. 5) Plano Terapêutico Singular: equipes valorizam a construção conjunta com a equipe do SIPTEA de estratégias de estimulação das crianças identificadas, e da corresponsabilização pelo cuidado. Como produto técnico dessa pesquisa foram criados dois livretos, um para orientar profissionais da Atenção Básica em intervenção precoce e outro para contribuir para formação teórica das famílias inseridas no SIPTEA sobre o processo de intervenção precoce de suas crianças.
In 2012, the Ministry of Health established the Care Network for People with Disabilities that systematizes the Care Line for People with Autism Spectrum Disorder in SUS. In 2018, in the municipality of Praia Grande/SP, SIPTEA was established, a Primary Care service responsible for undertaking Permanent Health Education actions with professionals to sensitize and instrumentalize them in the early detection and intervention of ASD signs. Qualifying actions with the child and his family in early childhood, a fact that demonstrably impacts the prognosis. The objective of this research is to understand early intervention in primary care and permanent health education actions to change the approach of Primary Care professionals, with a focus on teamwork and networking with children with signs of risk for ASD. The study carried out was qualitative and exploratory in nature with semi-structured interviews with nine primary care professionals, transcribed and submitted to thematic content analysis. Five categories were identified: 1) Childcare Protocol in Primary Care: not all teams follow the recommendations of the Ministry of Health and include the identification of risk for ASD in their actions. 2) Early Intervention in Primary Care: there is a tendency to value its importance, but as an action by specialized services. 3) Advanced Access in Primary Care: teams feel very pressured to respond to unscheduled demands and with little space on the agendas and even energy for other jobs, such as actions for identifying and intervening risk for ASD. 4) Permanent Health Education: teams recognize its importance and identify some changes in the work process after being sensitized on the topic. 5) Singular Therapeutic Plan: teams value the joint construction with the SIPTEA team of strategies to stimulate the identified children and co-responsibility for care. As a technical product of this research, a booklet was created to guide Primary Care professionals in early intervention. As a technical product of this research, two booklets were created, one to guide Primary Care professionals in early intervention and the other to contribute to the theoretical formation of families included in SIPTEA on the process of early intervention for their children.
In 2012, the Ministry of Health established the Care Network for People with Disabilities that systematizes the Care Line for People with Autism Spectrum Disorder in SUS. In 2018, in the municipality of Praia Grande/SP, SIPTEA was established, a Primary Care service responsible for undertaking Permanent Health Education actions with professionals to sensitize and instrumentalize them in the early detection and intervention of ASD signs. Qualifying actions with the child and his family in early childhood, a fact that demonstrably impacts the prognosis. The objective of this research is to understand early intervention in primary care and permanent health education actions to change the approach of Primary Care professionals, with a focus on teamwork and networking with children with signs of risk for ASD. The study carried out was qualitative and exploratory in nature with semi-structured interviews with nine primary care professionals, transcribed and submitted to thematic content analysis. Five categories were identified: 1) Childcare Protocol in Primary Care: not all teams follow the recommendations of the Ministry of Health and include the identification of risk for ASD in their actions. 2) Early Intervention in Primary Care: there is a tendency to value its importance, but as an action by specialized services. 3) Advanced Access in Primary Care: teams feel very pressured to respond to unscheduled demands and with little space on the agendas and even energy for other jobs, such as actions for identifying and intervening risk for ASD. 4) Permanent Health Education: teams recognize its importance and identify some changes in the work process after being sensitized on the topic. 5) Singular Therapeutic Plan: teams value the joint construction with the SIPTEA team of strategies to stimulate the identified children and co-responsibility for care. As a technical product of this research, a booklet was created to guide Primary Care professionals in early intervention. As a technical product of this research, two booklets were created, one to guide Primary Care professionals in early intervention and the other to contribute to the theoretical formation of families included in SIPTEA on the process of early intervention for their children.
Descrição
Citação
PATTI, Lucimara Patricia. Intervenção precoce no transtorno do espectro autista: educação permanente fortalecendo a rede de cuidado. 2021. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ensino em Ciências da Saúde) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2021.