Estudo da associação entre saúde óssea e o consumo de proteínas e cálcio de idosos longevos
Data
2018-03-29
Autores
Fonte, Flavia Kurebayashi 
Orientadores
Cendoroglo, Maysa Seabra
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: O crescimento da população idosa é um fenômeno mundial e, no Brasil, as mudanças vêm ocorrendo de forma acelerada. Acompanhando o aumento da sobrevida teremos o aumento do número de idosos com doenças crônicas e suas consequências. Alguns fatores nutricionais já foram estudados em relação aos ossos, mas o papel da proteína da dieta sobre a saúde óssea permanece controverso. Objetivo: Estudar a associação entre o consumo alimentar de cálcio e proteínas e a composição corporal, a densidade mineral óssea, quedas e fraturas em idosos longevos. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo analítico observacional de corte transversal com idosos longevos residentes na comunidade, dos sexos feminino e masculino. As variáveis que foram retiradas de prontuário e estudadas são: sexo; idade (classificação por faixa etária); peso, altura e Índice de Massa Corporal; consumo alimentar de cálcio e proteína, e o uso de suplementos nutricionais; resultados dos exames de densitometria óssea e raio X de coluna toracolombar; queda no último ano. Resultados: O consumo de cálcio dietético foi abaixo das recomendações das DRIs, as recomendações de vitamina D só foram alcançadas após a suplementação da grande maioria dos idosos. Em relação à proteína, homens e mulheres apresentaram um consumo considerado adequado para suprir as perdas fisiológicas do envelhecimento. Entre os idosos, 83,6% apresentou redução da densidade mineral óssea, sendo significante a presença de osteoporose entre as mulheres. Foi encontrada uma frequência de sarcopenia dentro dos valores encontrados em outros estudos, 48,4% (72), para obesidade sarcopênica foi de 51%, 24% de osteosarcopenia e 24,7% de fraturas vertebrais. A grande maioria não sofreu nenhuma queda no último ano (61,8%). Conclusão: Neste estudo observou-se que de maneira geral os idosos longevos não estão suprindo as necessidades diárias de calorias e cálcio, e o consumo de proteínas foi maior em osteoporóticos, sarcopênicos e osteosarcopênicos do que nos grupos controles.
Background: The growth of the elderly population is a worldwide phenomenon and, in Brazil, the changes have been occurring in an accelerated way. Accompanying the increase in survival, will increase the number of elderly people with chronic diseases and their consequences. Some nutritional factors have been studied in relation to bones, but the role of dietary protein on bone health remains controversial. Objective: The aim of the present study was to study an association between dietary intake of calcium and protein and body composition, bone mineral density, falls and fractures in elderly people. Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational, analytical study with oldest old individuals living in the community, both male and female. The variables that were acquired in medical records and studied are: sex; age (classification by age group); weight, height and body mass index; dietary intake of calcium and protein, and the use of nutritional supplements; results of bone densitometry and thoracolumbar X-ray examinations; in the last year. Results: The consumption of dietary calcium was below the recommendations of the DRIs, recommendations of vitamin D were only reached after the supplementation of the great majority of the elderly. In relation to the protein men and women presented a consumption considered adequate to supply the physiological losses of aging. Among the elderly, 83.6% presented a reduction in bone mineral density, being significant the presence of osteoporosis among women. A frequency of sarcopenia was found within the values found in other studies, 48.4% (72), for sarcopenic obesity was 51%, 24% of osteosarcopenia and 24.7% of vertebral fractures. The vast majority did not suffer any fall in the last year (61.8%). Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that, in general, the elderly are not meeting the daily caloric and calcium requirements, and protein consumption was higher in osteoporotic, sarcopenic and osteosarcopenic patients than in the control groups.
Background: The growth of the elderly population is a worldwide phenomenon and, in Brazil, the changes have been occurring in an accelerated way. Accompanying the increase in survival, will increase the number of elderly people with chronic diseases and their consequences. Some nutritional factors have been studied in relation to bones, but the role of dietary protein on bone health remains controversial. Objective: The aim of the present study was to study an association between dietary intake of calcium and protein and body composition, bone mineral density, falls and fractures in elderly people. Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational, analytical study with oldest old individuals living in the community, both male and female. The variables that were acquired in medical records and studied are: sex; age (classification by age group); weight, height and body mass index; dietary intake of calcium and protein, and the use of nutritional supplements; results of bone densitometry and thoracolumbar X-ray examinations; in the last year. Results: The consumption of dietary calcium was below the recommendations of the DRIs, recommendations of vitamin D were only reached after the supplementation of the great majority of the elderly. In relation to the protein men and women presented a consumption considered adequate to supply the physiological losses of aging. Among the elderly, 83.6% presented a reduction in bone mineral density, being significant the presence of osteoporosis among women. A frequency of sarcopenia was found within the values found in other studies, 48.4% (72), for sarcopenic obesity was 51%, 24% of osteosarcopenia and 24.7% of vertebral fractures. The vast majority did not suffer any fall in the last year (61.8%). Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that, in general, the elderly are not meeting the daily caloric and calcium requirements, and protein consumption was higher in osteoporotic, sarcopenic and osteosarcopenic patients than in the control groups.