Efeitos de diferentes tipos de treinamento na qualidade de vida, estresse e depressão de pessoas idosas: um estudo transversal
Data
2023-12-15
Autores
Oliveira, Mateus Silva 
Orientadores
Botero, João Paulo
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: O exercício físico é um conjunto de movimentos bem estruturados, que auxiliam na melhora de diversas funções corporais, tanto físicas quanto psicológicas. Ele se faz importante no envelhecimento, prevenindo e controlando inúmeros problemas causados pela senescência, promovendo maior qualidade de vida, reduzindo o estresse e sendo importante para o tratamento de doenças como a depressão. São diversos os tipos de exercícios que podem causar esses benefícios, dois deles são os aquáticos e os resistidos, cada um com suas dinâmicas e pontos positivos a agregar ao praticante. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos de diferentes tipos de treinamento na qualidade de vida, estresse e depressão de pessoas idosas. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, onde foram selecionados dois grupos de indivíduos idosos que participam de diferentes programas de exercícios físicos promovidos pela Prefeitura de Praia Grande-SP, sendo o Grupo 1 formado por praticantes de treinamento resistido (GTR) e o Grupo 2 formado por praticantes de hidroginástica (GH). Os voluntários são praticantes regulares dos devidos treinamentos, e responderam questionários que medem o nível de qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-OLD), o nível de estresse percebido (PSS-14) e o nível de sintomas de depressão de cada um deles (BDI). A partir desta coleta, os dados obtidos foram comparados entre os grupos. Resultados: Os escores gerais dos questionários de ambos os grupos foram utilizados para avaliar a efetividade dos treinamentos para com as variáveis. A partir dessa análise, percebeu-se que ambos os grupos apresentaram resultados positivos para cada varável. A comparação dos escores gerais dos dois grupos resultou em: para qualidade de vida, p=0.158 (sem diferença significativa entre os grupos); para nível de estresse percebido, p=0.180 (sem diferença significativa entre os grupos); para sintomas de depressão, p=0.030 (com diferença significativa entre os grupos), com o GTR apresentando resultados positivamente superiores ao GH. Conclusão: Concluímos que os diferentes tipos de treinamento estudados causam efeitos semelhantes na qualidade de vida e estresse de indivíduos idosos, mas que para depressão, o treinamento resistido se mostrou mais efetivo. A divergência nesta última variável pode indicar certa superioridade do treinamento resistido no tratamento de desordens psicológicas, contudo, maiores estudos comparativos diretos entre as duas modalidades se fazem necessários para a obtenção de conclusões mais adequadas.
Introduction: Physical exercise is a set of well-structured movements that help improve various bodily functions, both physical and psychological. It is important in aging, preventing and controlling numerous problems caused by senescence, promoting a better quality of life, reducing stress and being important for the treatment of diseases such as depression. There are several types of exercises that can cause these benefits, two of them are aquatic and resistance exercises, each with its own dynamics and positive points to add to the practitioner. Objective: Evaluate the effects of different types of training on quality of life, stress and depression in elderly people. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, where two groups of elderly individuals who participate in different physical exercise programs promoted by the City of Praia Grande-SP were selected, with Group 1 formed by resistance training practitioners (GTR) and Group 2 formed by water exercise practitioners (GH). The volunteers are regular practitioners of the appropriate training, and answered questionnaires that measure the level of quality of life (WHOQOL-OLD), the level of perceived stress (PSS-14) and the level of depression symptoms of each of them (BDI). From this collection, the data obtained were compared between groups. Results: The general scores from the questionnaires of both groups were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training in relation to the variables. From this analysis, it was noticed that both groups presented positive results for each variable. The comparison of the general scores of the two groups resulted in: for quality of life, p=0.158 (no significant difference between the groups); for level of perceived stress, p=0.180 (no significant difference between groups); for symptoms of depression, p=0.030 (with a significant difference between groups), with GTR showing positively superior results to GH. Conclusion: We conclude that the different types of training studied cause similar effects on the quality of life and stress of elderly individuals, but that for depression, resistance training proved to be more effective. The divergence in this last variable may indicate a certain superiority of resistance training in the treatment of psychological disorders, however, further direct comparative studies between the two modalities are necessary to obtain more appropriate conclusions.
Introduction: Physical exercise is a set of well-structured movements that help improve various bodily functions, both physical and psychological. It is important in aging, preventing and controlling numerous problems caused by senescence, promoting a better quality of life, reducing stress and being important for the treatment of diseases such as depression. There are several types of exercises that can cause these benefits, two of them are aquatic and resistance exercises, each with its own dynamics and positive points to add to the practitioner. Objective: Evaluate the effects of different types of training on quality of life, stress and depression in elderly people. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, where two groups of elderly individuals who participate in different physical exercise programs promoted by the City of Praia Grande-SP were selected, with Group 1 formed by resistance training practitioners (GTR) and Group 2 formed by water exercise practitioners (GH). The volunteers are regular practitioners of the appropriate training, and answered questionnaires that measure the level of quality of life (WHOQOL-OLD), the level of perceived stress (PSS-14) and the level of depression symptoms of each of them (BDI). From this collection, the data obtained were compared between groups. Results: The general scores from the questionnaires of both groups were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training in relation to the variables. From this analysis, it was noticed that both groups presented positive results for each variable. The comparison of the general scores of the two groups resulted in: for quality of life, p=0.158 (no significant difference between the groups); for level of perceived stress, p=0.180 (no significant difference between groups); for symptoms of depression, p=0.030 (with a significant difference between groups), with GTR showing positively superior results to GH. Conclusion: We conclude that the different types of training studied cause similar effects on the quality of life and stress of elderly individuals, but that for depression, resistance training proved to be more effective. The divergence in this last variable may indicate a certain superiority of resistance training in the treatment of psychological disorders, however, further direct comparative studies between the two modalities are necessary to obtain more appropriate conclusions.
Descrição
Citação
OLIVEIRA, Mateus Silva. Efeitos de diferentes tipos de treinamento na qualidade de vida, estresse e depressão de pessoas idosas: Um estudo transversal. 2023. 26 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Educação Física) - Instituto Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2023.