Estado da arte: álcool e situações de exercício
Data
2023-12-07
Autores
Christinelli, Vitor Ditomaso 
Orientadores
Juzwiak, Claudia Ridel
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O consumo de álcool é uma prática comum e difundida globalmente, sendo a droga mais utilizada do planeta. O álcool muitas vezes é introduzido socialmente em eventos comemorativos ou em momentos de decepção, situações muito vivenciadas no ambiente esportivo. Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar o estado de arte da produção científica sobre relação entre o consumo de álcool e o desempenho esportivo. Realizou-se revisão bibliográfica narrativa. Foram considerados artigos de revisão (de qualquer tipo), estudos descritivos, observacionais, de prevalência, surveys, ensaios clínicos, estudos caso-controle publicados nos últimos 5 anos (a partir de 2018) nos idiomas português e inglês. A busca sistemática foi conduzida nas bases de dados PubMed e ScieELO. Os critérios de inclusão para seleção dos estudos foram: abordar o tema da interferência do álcool no esporte em diferentes modalidades esportivas ou em estudos com protocolos de exercício, envolvendo jovens e adultos. Utilizando descritores em saúde “consumo de álcool”, “cerveja”, “esportes” combinados com o operador booleano “e”, foram realizadas as buscas nas bases de dados PubMed e Scielo. De 398 artigos identificados incialmente, após triagem considerando duplicatas, tema e aplicando-se os critérios de inclusão, ao final, foram selecionados 15 artigos que foram organizados em três categorias, de acordo com a temática que abordavam para análise e discussão: “riscos e prevalência de consumo do álcool”, “intervenção com usuários de álcool” e “impacto do álcool nos componentes de aptidão física e marcadores de desempenho”. Os principais achados possibilitam concluir que atletas utilizam frequentemente bebidas alcoólicas, iniciando em idade precoce, principalmente em esportes coletivos e nos quais a cultura do álcool é valorizada, gerando normas de consumo (ex: situações de iniciação, comemorações e derrotas) e devido ao stress. Os estudos de intervenção mostram pouca eficácia na mudança deste comportamento. O consumo pode trazer efeitos negativos, dentre eles, desequilíbrio dietético, prejuízo na recuperação do estado de reidratação pós-exercício e no aumento do lactato sanguíneo. Porém, quando o álcool é utilizado em pequenas quantidades a frequência cardíaca e a força muscular não sofrem interferências. Este estudo traz elementos que fornecem informações atuais sobre esse tópico, contribuindo para a orientação de práticas mais saudáveis e eficazes para os atletas.
Alcohol consumption is a common and widespread practice globally, being the most used drug on the planet. Alcohol is often introduced socially at celebratory events or in moments of disappointment, situations that are often experienced in the sporting environment. This study aims to investigate the state of the art of scientific production on the relationship between alcohol consumption and sports performance. A narrative bibliographic review was carried out. Review articles (of any type), descriptive, observational, prevalence studies, surveys, clinical trials, case-control studies published in the last 5 years (as of 2018) in Portuguese and English were considered. The systematic search was conducted in the PubMed and ScieELO databases. The inclusion criteria for selecting the studies were: addressing the issue of alcohol interference in sports in different sports or in studies with exercise protocols, involving young people and adults. Using health descriptors “alcohol consumption”, “beer”, “sports” combined with the Boolean operator “e”, searches were carried out in the PubMed and Scielo databases. Of 398 articles initially identified, after screening considering duplicates, theme and applying the inclusion criteria, in the end, 16 articles were selected and organized into three categories, according to the theme they addressed for analysis and discussion: “risks and prevalence of alcohol consumption”, “intervention with alcohol users” and “impact of alcohol on physical fitness components and performance markers”. The main findings make it possible to conclude that athletes frequently use alcoholic beverages, starting at an early age, mainly in team sports and in which the alcohol culture is valued, generating consumption norms (e.g. situations of initiation, celebrations, and defeats) and due to stress. Intervention studies show little effectiveness in changing this behavior. Consumption can have negative effects, including dietary imbalance, impairment in the recovery of post-exercise rehydration status and an increase in blood lactate. However, when alcohol is used in small quantities, heart rate and muscle strength are not affected. This study brings elements that provide current information on this topic, contributing to the guidance of healthier and more effective practices for athletes.
Alcohol consumption is a common and widespread practice globally, being the most used drug on the planet. Alcohol is often introduced socially at celebratory events or in moments of disappointment, situations that are often experienced in the sporting environment. This study aims to investigate the state of the art of scientific production on the relationship between alcohol consumption and sports performance. A narrative bibliographic review was carried out. Review articles (of any type), descriptive, observational, prevalence studies, surveys, clinical trials, case-control studies published in the last 5 years (as of 2018) in Portuguese and English were considered. The systematic search was conducted in the PubMed and ScieELO databases. The inclusion criteria for selecting the studies were: addressing the issue of alcohol interference in sports in different sports or in studies with exercise protocols, involving young people and adults. Using health descriptors “alcohol consumption”, “beer”, “sports” combined with the Boolean operator “e”, searches were carried out in the PubMed and Scielo databases. Of 398 articles initially identified, after screening considering duplicates, theme and applying the inclusion criteria, in the end, 16 articles were selected and organized into three categories, according to the theme they addressed for analysis and discussion: “risks and prevalence of alcohol consumption”, “intervention with alcohol users” and “impact of alcohol on physical fitness components and performance markers”. The main findings make it possible to conclude that athletes frequently use alcoholic beverages, starting at an early age, mainly in team sports and in which the alcohol culture is valued, generating consumption norms (e.g. situations of initiation, celebrations, and defeats) and due to stress. Intervention studies show little effectiveness in changing this behavior. Consumption can have negative effects, including dietary imbalance, impairment in the recovery of post-exercise rehydration status and an increase in blood lactate. However, when alcohol is used in small quantities, heart rate and muscle strength are not affected. This study brings elements that provide current information on this topic, contributing to the guidance of healthier and more effective practices for athletes.
Descrição
Citação
CHRISTINELLI, Vitor Ditomaso. Estado da arte: álcool e situações de exercício. 2023. 50 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Nutrição) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Santos, 2023.