Revisão bibliográfica sobre Linfócitos B e as Vesículas Extracelulares liberadas por essas células
Data
2023-12-01
Autores
Oliveira, Julia Soares 
Orientadores
Batista, Patricia Xander
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O sistema imunológico atua na proteção e homeostasia do organismo. Linfócitos B
são células especializadas na produção de anticorpos, apresentação de antígenos,
produção de citocinas e geração de células de memória. Essas células podem ser
classificadas em linfócitos B-1 e B-2, cada um contribuindo de maneira única para a
resposta imunológica. Células B-1 são conhecidos por sua participação na produção
de anticorpos naturais, apresentando características como baixa afinidade e
polirreatividade. Em contraste, os linfócitos B-2 desempenham um papel essencial na
resposta adaptativa, produzindo anticorpos específicos em resposta a antígenos
específicos. Além do seu papel na produção de anticorpos, os linfócitos B também
estão envolvidos na geração de vesículas extracelulares (EVs). Essas pequenas
vesículas liberadas pelos linfócitos podem transportar moléculas bioativas, incluindo
proteínas e material genético, desempenhando papel crucial na comunicação
intercelular. EVs podem modular a resposta imunológica, influenciando a ativação de
outras células do sistema imunológico e desempenhando papel importante na
regulação da inflamação. As EVs originadas de linfócitos B têm despertado crescente
notoriedade na literatura devido ao seu potencial impacto em processos fisiológicos e
patológicos
The immune system's primary function is to protect the organism against external threats, such as pathogens and foreign substances. At the core of its adaptive defense are B lymphocytes, which, among their main functions, include antibody production, antigen presentation, cytokine production, and memory cell generation. B lymphocytes can be divided into subgroups, such as B1a, B1b, and B2, each uniquely contributing to immunological response. B1a and B1b are recognized for their involvement in the production of natural antibodies, exhibiting characteristics like low affinity and polyreactivity. In contrast, B2 lymphocytes play an essential role in the adaptive response, producing antibodies specific to particular antigens. Besides their role in antibody production, B lymphocytes are also involved in generating extracellular vesicles (EVs). These small vesicles released by lymphocytes can carry bioactive molecules, including proteins and genetic material, playing a crucial role in intercellular communication. Moreover, these vesicles can modulate the immune response, influencing the activation of other immune cells and playing a role in inflammation regulation. EVs originating from B lymphocytes have gained increasing prominence in the literature due to their potential impact on physiological and pathological processes.
The immune system's primary function is to protect the organism against external threats, such as pathogens and foreign substances. At the core of its adaptive defense are B lymphocytes, which, among their main functions, include antibody production, antigen presentation, cytokine production, and memory cell generation. B lymphocytes can be divided into subgroups, such as B1a, B1b, and B2, each uniquely contributing to immunological response. B1a and B1b are recognized for their involvement in the production of natural antibodies, exhibiting characteristics like low affinity and polyreactivity. In contrast, B2 lymphocytes play an essential role in the adaptive response, producing antibodies specific to particular antigens. Besides their role in antibody production, B lymphocytes are also involved in generating extracellular vesicles (EVs). These small vesicles released by lymphocytes can carry bioactive molecules, including proteins and genetic material, playing a crucial role in intercellular communication. Moreover, these vesicles can modulate the immune response, influencing the activation of other immune cells and playing a role in inflammation regulation. EVs originating from B lymphocytes have gained increasing prominence in the literature due to their potential impact on physiological and pathological processes.