Enunciados necropolíticos do Ministério da Saúde brasileiro sobre a pandemia de covid-19
Data
2023-09-25
Autores
Lima, Vinicius Siqueira 
Orientadores
Sá, Rubens Lacerda de
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Considerando a situação pandêmica do Brasil ao longo de 2020 e todas as políticas públicas direcionadas ao combate da COVID-19 e contenção de seu alastramento, percebe-se a existência de políticas excludentes e perigosas que colocam em risco tanto a vida de migrantes venezuelanos como de profissionais da saúde com pouca ou nenhuma experiência de trabalho. Nesse contexto, objetiva-se realizar com essa pesquisa uma análise do discurso sobre as comunicações oficiais do Ministério da Saúde brasileiro a respeito da pandemia e verificar quais tipos de relações discursivas essas comunicações ensejam. Para organizar o corpus da pesquisa e selecionar os documentos oficiais relevantes para análise, será utilizada a metodologia arqueológica de dados. Por seu valor documental, portarias acerca da pandemia em todo ano 2020 foram selecionadas para esta etapa e, por sua vez, onze portarias foram selecionadas para análise. O arcabouço que fundamenta esta pesquisa é a arqueologia do saber foucaultiana, portanto trata-se de uma análise do discurso, a qual utiliza como fundamentação teórica o trabalho de Achille Mbembe, acerca da necropolítica, e de Giorgio Agamben, acerca do homo sacer, além dos trabalhos situados no campo da genealogia do poder de Michel Foucault. Por fim, as análises realizadas apontam para a produção de práticas de saúde focadas na instrumentalização de profissionais dessa área com ou sem experiência, formados ou não, e para práticas políticas de fechamento de fronteiras que impediram a entrada de migrantes venezuelanos no território nacional em momento de crise humanitária naquele país e crise de saúde pública em todo o mundo. A partir dessas observações, é possível concluir que as práticas políticas de saúde do ministério da Saúde foram centrais na produção da necropolítica no país ao longo do primeiro ano de pandemia, além de terem sido fundamentais para impedir a entrada de migrantes venezuelanos e conferir-lhes um destino social trágico em momento de dupla crise. Dessa forma, a contribuição oferecida é o entendimento da lógica necropolítica aplicada no país e a exposição da condição a que profissionais de saúde e migrantes estavam submetidos ao longo desse primeiro ano, retirando o caráter meramente administrativo das decisões de Estado no início da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil.
Considering the pandemic situation in Brazil throughout 2020 and all public policies aimed at combating COVID-19 and containing its spread, it is clear that exclusionary and dangerous policies exist, which put both the lives of Venezuelan migrants and professionals at risk with little or no work experience. In this way, the objective is to carry out a discourse analysis on the official communications of the Brazilian Ministry of Health regarding the pandemic and to verify what type of discursive relations these communications give rise to. For that, an archaeological data methodology is used to organize the research corpus and select the relevant official documents for analysis. For their documentary value, ordinances about the pandemic throughout 2020 were selected for this stage and, in turn, eleven ordinances were selected for analysis. The framework that underlies this research is the archeology of knowledge from Foucault, therefore, it is a discourse analysis that has as a theoretical supplement the work of Achille Mbembe on necropolitics and of Giorgio Agamben on homo sacer, in addition to works located in the field of Michel Foucault's genealogy of power. Therefore, the analyzes point to the production of health practices focused on the instrumentalization of health professionals with and without experience, trained or not, in addition to political practices of closing borders that excluded the possibility of Venezuelan migrants entering the national territory at a time of humanitarian crisis in the country and public health crisis around the world. This allows us to conclude that the health policy practices of the Ministry of Health were central to the production of necropolitics in the country throughout the first year of the pandemic, in addition to being fundamental to exclude the entry of Venezuelan migrants and keep them in a tragic social destiny at this time of double crisis. Thus, the contribution offered is the understanding of the necropolitical logic applied in the country and the exposure of the condition to which health professionals and migrants were subjected throughout this first year, removing the merely administrative nature of State decisions at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.
Considering the pandemic situation in Brazil throughout 2020 and all public policies aimed at combating COVID-19 and containing its spread, it is clear that exclusionary and dangerous policies exist, which put both the lives of Venezuelan migrants and professionals at risk with little or no work experience. In this way, the objective is to carry out a discourse analysis on the official communications of the Brazilian Ministry of Health regarding the pandemic and to verify what type of discursive relations these communications give rise to. For that, an archaeological data methodology is used to organize the research corpus and select the relevant official documents for analysis. For their documentary value, ordinances about the pandemic throughout 2020 were selected for this stage and, in turn, eleven ordinances were selected for analysis. The framework that underlies this research is the archeology of knowledge from Foucault, therefore, it is a discourse analysis that has as a theoretical supplement the work of Achille Mbembe on necropolitics and of Giorgio Agamben on homo sacer, in addition to works located in the field of Michel Foucault's genealogy of power. Therefore, the analyzes point to the production of health practices focused on the instrumentalization of health professionals with and without experience, trained or not, in addition to political practices of closing borders that excluded the possibility of Venezuelan migrants entering the national territory at a time of humanitarian crisis in the country and public health crisis around the world. This allows us to conclude that the health policy practices of the Ministry of Health were central to the production of necropolitics in the country throughout the first year of the pandemic, in addition to being fundamental to exclude the entry of Venezuelan migrants and keep them in a tragic social destiny at this time of double crisis. Thus, the contribution offered is the understanding of the necropolitical logic applied in the country and the exposure of the condition to which health professionals and migrants were subjected throughout this first year, removing the merely administrative nature of State decisions at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.
Descrição
Citação
LIMA, V. S. Enunciados necropolíticos do Ministério da Saúde brasileiro sobre a pandemia de covid-19. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências) – Escola de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo. São Paulo, p. 133. 2023.