Um olhar sobre os ofícios da madeira, entre os séculos XVIII-XIX, no contexto Luso-Brasileiro
Data
2023-08-23
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
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Resumo
O fazer manual do século XVIII estava estritamente ligado ao ensino intelectual para a formação de novos artífices. Contudo, na virada do século XVIII para o XIX, essa tradição de ensino e de produção é colocada em risco com o surgimento da Revolução Industrial e sua mentalidade em produzir cada vez mais. A partir desse pensamento, traremos uma produção organizada em três partes: o artífice, a oficina e as matérias-primas. Em primeiro lugar, interessa entender como eram definidos o artífice e os oficiais relacionados à madeira; em segundo, dar luz ao papel da oficina na produção desses novos objetos de madeira; e, por fim, trabalhar sobre as matérias primas e como seu manuseio mudou ou não durante esses dois séculos. O foco estará na leitura de algumas fontes escritas primárias, como o primeiro dicionário da Língua Portuguesa, de Bluteau, e a Enciclopédia de Diderot e D'Alembert, ambos do século XVIII; além de um guia de carpintaria francês e um manual de construção do século XIX, este último publicado no Brasil sob o título O Vignola Brasileiro, para a compreensão de como se davam o ofício da Carpintaria e seus correlatos. Veremos diferentes definições do que foram esses oficiais da madeira e os significados de artífice, a busca pelo que foram as oficinas, e quais foram as características do fazer manual da madeira que embalou o século XIX. Por fim, este estudo nos permite entender o que foram os anos gloriosos do artesanato e como o papel do artífice e o fazer manual eram importantes para a sociedade daquela época.
Handcrafting in the 18th century was strictly linked to intellectual teaching for the training of new craftsmen. However, at the turn of the 18th to the 19th century, this tradition of teaching and production is put at risk with the emergence of the Industrial Revolution and its mindset of producing more and more. From this thought we will bring a production organized in three parts: the craftsman, the workshop and the raw materials. In the first place, it is interesting to understand how the craftsman and officials related to wood were defined; second, shed light on the role of the workshop in the production of these new wooden objects; and finally work on the raw materials and how their handling changed or not during these two centuries. The focus will be on reading some primary written sources, such as the first dictionary of the Portuguese language, by Bluteau and the Encyclopedia by Diderot and D'Alembert, both from the 18th century; in addition to a French carpentry guide and a construction manual from the 19th century, the latter published in Brazil under the title O Vignola Brasileiro, for an understanding of how the craft of Carpentry and its correlates took place. We will see different definitions of what these wood officers were and the meanings of craftsman, the search for what the workshops were, and what were the characteristics of manual wood making that rocked the 19th century. Finally, this study allows us to understand what the glorious years of craftsmanship were, and how the role of the craftsman and manual crafts were important for society at that time.
Handcrafting in the 18th century was strictly linked to intellectual teaching for the training of new craftsmen. However, at the turn of the 18th to the 19th century, this tradition of teaching and production is put at risk with the emergence of the Industrial Revolution and its mindset of producing more and more. From this thought we will bring a production organized in three parts: the craftsman, the workshop and the raw materials. In the first place, it is interesting to understand how the craftsman and officials related to wood were defined; second, shed light on the role of the workshop in the production of these new wooden objects; and finally work on the raw materials and how their handling changed or not during these two centuries. The focus will be on reading some primary written sources, such as the first dictionary of the Portuguese language, by Bluteau and the Encyclopedia by Diderot and D'Alembert, both from the 18th century; in addition to a French carpentry guide and a construction manual from the 19th century, the latter published in Brazil under the title O Vignola Brasileiro, for an understanding of how the craft of Carpentry and its correlates took place. We will see different definitions of what these wood officers were and the meanings of craftsman, the search for what the workshops were, and what were the characteristics of manual wood making that rocked the 19th century. Finally, this study allows us to understand what the glorious years of craftsmanship were, and how the role of the craftsman and manual crafts were important for society at that time.
Descrição
Citação
RODRIGUES, Isabela Torres. Um olhar sobre os ofícios da madeira, entre os séculos XVIII-XIX, no contexto Luso-Brasileiro. Dissertação (Mestrado em História da Arte) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Guarulhos, 2023.