Impacto de longo prazo da pandemia de covid-19 no nível de atividade física e aptidão cardiorrespiratória de adultos: pesquisa on-line da rede PA&FIT
Data
2023-07-04
Autores
Lauria, Vinicius Tonon 
Orientadores
Dourado, Victor Zuniga
Tipo
Tese de doutorado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto em longo prazo da pandemia da COVID-19 no nível de atividade física e aptidão cardiorrespiratória em uma amostra de adultos brasileiros. Métodos: Realizamos um estudo transversal on-line utilizando questionários validados com 405 participantes adultos (37,0 ± 12,4 anos; 66,6% mulheres) selecionados por conveniência. O formulário foi aplicado no semestre de 2022 com as seguintes seções: 1- Elegibilidade e consentimento, 2- Sociodemográfica, 3- Histórico clínico, 4- Risco cardiovascular, 5- Antropometria e 6- Nível de atividade física (Questionário Global de Atividade Física - GPAQ). As perguntas foram feitas com as opções “ANTES da pandemia de COVID-19” e “Atualmente”. O consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2máx) foi estimado utilizando uma equação de predição desenvolvida pelos próprios autores do presente estudo. Tendo em vista a grande influência da idade no declínio do VO2máx, classificamos o VO2máx pré-pandemia de duas maneiras para compararmos com o VO2máx atual. Inicialmente utilizamos todos os dados pré-pandemia e a idade prévia dos participantes calculada com base na data oficial do primeiro caso de COVID-19 no Brasil (i.e., 24/02/2020) em relação à data de preenchimento do questionário. Em uma segunda comparação utilizamos todos os dados pré-pandemia, contudo, mantivemos a idade atual do participante referente à data de preenchimento do questionário, i.e., idade fixa. Resultados: A maioria dos participantes relatou que foi infectado pelo coronavírus (53,3%) e que possuía esquema vacinal completo (84,2%). Ao longo da pandemia os voluntários relataram aumento significativo (p < 0,05) da proporção de hipertensão arterial (10,4 vs. 14,3%), diabetes melito (7,4 vs. 10,6%), dislipidemia (18,5 vs. 22,2%) e sintomas depressivos (17,5 vs. 20,7%). Não observamos diferenças significativas no domínio total do GPAQ entre os momentos pré-pandemia e “atualmente”. Os valores do VO2máx estimado atuais mostraram-se significativamente inferiores aos valores pré-pandemia, tanto com a idade calculada (diferença absoluta, -1,474 mL/min/kg: intervalo de confiança de 95%, -1,844 a -1,112; p < 0,01) quanto considerando a idade fixa (ΔS = -0,911 mL/min/kg; IC95% -1,274 a -0,548; p < 0,01). A baixa aptidão cardiorrespiratória (≤ 8 equivalentes metabólicos) apresentou aumento significativo (p < 0,001) da proporção (22,5 vs. 28,4%) entre os momentos pré-pandemia e “atualmente”. Conclusão: A pandemia da COVID-19 comprometeu a aptidão cardiorrespiratória dos adultos do presente estudo, associada a um aumento dos fatores de risco cardiovascular. Com o relaxamento das medidas restritivas, os indivíduos foram capazes de reestabelecer os padrões de atividade física. Assim, medidas restritivas futuras devem considerar a permissão de atividades físicas individuais para redução dos efeitos deletérios cardiovasculares relacionados às pandemias.
Objective: To assess the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of physical activity and cardiorespiratory care in a sample of Brazilian adults. Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional study using validated screenings with 405 adult participants (37.0 ± 12.4 years; 66.6% women) selected by individuality. The form was applied in the semester of 2022 with the following sections: 1- Eligibility and consent, 2- Sociodemographic, 3- Clinical history, 4- Cardiovascular risk, 5- Anthropometry and 6- Level of physical activity (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire - GPAQ). The questions were asked with the options “BEFORE the COVID-19 pandemic” and “Currently”. The maximum oxygen consumption (VO2máx) was estimated using a prediction approval developed by the authors of the present study. In view of the great influence of age on VO2máx decline, we classified pre-pandemic VO2máx in two ways to compare with current VO2máx. Initially, we used all pre-pandemic data and the previous age of the participants that appeared based on the official date of the first case of COVID-19 in Brazil (i.e., 02/24/2020) in relation to the filling date of the quarter. In a second comparison, we used all pre-pandemic data, however, we kept the current age of the participant referring to the date of completion of the education, that is, a fixed age. Results: Most participants reported that they were infected with the coronavirus (53.3%) and that they had a complete vaccination schedule (84.2%). Throughout the pandemic, the volunteers showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the proportion of arterial hypertension (10.4 vs. 14.3%), diabetes mellitus (7.4 vs. 10.6%), dyslipidemia (18 .5 vs. 22.2%) and depressive symptoms (17.5 vs. 20.7%). We did not observe differences in the total domain of the GPAQ between the pre-pandemic and “currently” moments. Current estimated VO2máx values were observed to be significantly lower than pre-pandemic values, both with unknown age (absolute difference, -1.474 mL/min/kg: 95% confidence interval, -1.844 to -1.112; p < 0 .01) and considering fixed age (ΔS = -0.911 mL/min/kg; 95%CI -1.274 to -0.548; p < 0.01). Low cardiorespiratory supply (≤ 8 metabolic equivalents) showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) in the proportion (22.5 vs. 28.4%) between pre-pandemic and “currently” moments. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic compromised the cardiorespiratory complication of the adults in the present study, associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk factors. With the relaxation of the restrictive measures, the individuals were able to re-establish their physical activity patterns. Thus, future restrictive measures should consider allowing individual physical activities to reduce the deleterious cardiovascular effects related to pandemics.
Objective: To assess the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the level of physical activity and cardiorespiratory care in a sample of Brazilian adults. Methods: We conducted an online cross-sectional study using validated screenings with 405 adult participants (37.0 ± 12.4 years; 66.6% women) selected by individuality. The form was applied in the semester of 2022 with the following sections: 1- Eligibility and consent, 2- Sociodemographic, 3- Clinical history, 4- Cardiovascular risk, 5- Anthropometry and 6- Level of physical activity (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire - GPAQ). The questions were asked with the options “BEFORE the COVID-19 pandemic” and “Currently”. The maximum oxygen consumption (VO2máx) was estimated using a prediction approval developed by the authors of the present study. In view of the great influence of age on VO2máx decline, we classified pre-pandemic VO2máx in two ways to compare with current VO2máx. Initially, we used all pre-pandemic data and the previous age of the participants that appeared based on the official date of the first case of COVID-19 in Brazil (i.e., 02/24/2020) in relation to the filling date of the quarter. In a second comparison, we used all pre-pandemic data, however, we kept the current age of the participant referring to the date of completion of the education, that is, a fixed age. Results: Most participants reported that they were infected with the coronavirus (53.3%) and that they had a complete vaccination schedule (84.2%). Throughout the pandemic, the volunteers showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the proportion of arterial hypertension (10.4 vs. 14.3%), diabetes mellitus (7.4 vs. 10.6%), dyslipidemia (18 .5 vs. 22.2%) and depressive symptoms (17.5 vs. 20.7%). We did not observe differences in the total domain of the GPAQ between the pre-pandemic and “currently” moments. Current estimated VO2máx values were observed to be significantly lower than pre-pandemic values, both with unknown age (absolute difference, -1.474 mL/min/kg: 95% confidence interval, -1.844 to -1.112; p < 0 .01) and considering fixed age (ΔS = -0.911 mL/min/kg; 95%CI -1.274 to -0.548; p < 0.01). Low cardiorespiratory supply (≤ 8 metabolic equivalents) showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) in the proportion (22.5 vs. 28.4%) between pre-pandemic and “currently” moments. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic compromised the cardiorespiratory complication of the adults in the present study, associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk factors. With the relaxation of the restrictive measures, the individuals were able to re-establish their physical activity patterns. Thus, future restrictive measures should consider allowing individual physical activities to reduce the deleterious cardiovascular effects related to pandemics.
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Citação
LAURIA, Vinicius Tonon. Impacto de longo prazo da pandemia de covid-19 no nível de atividade física e aptidão cardiorrespiratória de adultos: pesquisa on-line da rede PA&FIT. 2023. 92 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências do Movimento Humano e Reabilitação) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Santos, 2023.