A microbiota intestinal e o eixo intestino-cérebro no transtorno do espectro autista
Data
2023-07-11
Autores
Camargo, Luís Otávio Santos 
Orientadores
Pereira, Claudia Cristina Alves
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O presente trabalho selecionou 16 artigos que abordavam a correlação do
Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), o eixo intestino-cérebro e a microbiota intestinal. A
epidemiologia do TEA mostra que a prevalência tem aumentado ao longo dos anos, com
estimativas de 1,19% a 2,27% nas populações estudadas. A causa do TEA envolve uma
relação complexa entre fatores genéticos e ambientais, sendo o microbioma um dos
fatores ambientais que desempenham papel importante. Estudos mostram que o parto
cesáreo e fatores maternos durante o pré-natal, como infecções e estresse, podem afetar
a composição da microbiota do bebê. A microbiota intestinal saudável se desenvolve nos
primeiros anos de vida e é influenciada por fatores como ambiente, alimentação,
antibióticos e método de parto. A composição da microbiota intestinal de um adulto é
dominada pelos filos bacterianos Bacteroidetes e Firmicutes. Os sintomas
gastrointestinais, como diarreia e constipação, são comuns em crianças com TEA, e a
gravidade desses sintomas está relacionada ao grau das características do espectro.
Além disso, crianças com TEA apresentam uma microbiota intestinal menos diversificada.
Essas informações mostram a relação entre a microbiota intestinal e o TEA, sugerindo
que alterações na composição da microbiota podem contribuir para os sintomas
gastrointestinais e outros aspectos do transtorno. No entanto, é importante ressaltar que
ainda não existe uma compreensão completa da causalidade do TEA e mais pesquisas
são necessárias para entender melhor essa relação.
This study selected 16 articles that addressed the correlation between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), the gut-brain axis, and intestinal microbiota. The epidemiology of ASD shows that its prevalence has been increasing over the years, with estimates ranging from 1.19% to 2.27% in the studied populations. The cause of ASD involves a complex relationship between genetic and environmental factors, with the microbiome being one of the environmental factors that plays an important role. Studies show that cesarean delivery and maternal factors during prenatal care, such as infections and stress, can affect the composition of the baby's microbiota. A healthy intestinal microbiota develops in the early years of life and is influenced by factors such as the environment, diet, antibiotics, and delivery method. The composition of the adult gut microbiota is dominated by the bacterial phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea and constipation, are common in children with ASD, and the severity of these symptoms is related to the degree of spectrum characteristics. Additionally, children with ASD have a less diverse gut microbiota. These findings demonstrate the relationship between the gut microbiota and ASD, suggesting that alterations in microbiota composition may contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms and other aspects of the disorder. However, it is important to note that there is still no complete understanding of the causality of ASD, and further research is needed to better understand this relationship.
This study selected 16 articles that addressed the correlation between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), the gut-brain axis, and intestinal microbiota. The epidemiology of ASD shows that its prevalence has been increasing over the years, with estimates ranging from 1.19% to 2.27% in the studied populations. The cause of ASD involves a complex relationship between genetic and environmental factors, with the microbiome being one of the environmental factors that plays an important role. Studies show that cesarean delivery and maternal factors during prenatal care, such as infections and stress, can affect the composition of the baby's microbiota. A healthy intestinal microbiota develops in the early years of life and is influenced by factors such as the environment, diet, antibiotics, and delivery method. The composition of the adult gut microbiota is dominated by the bacterial phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as diarrhea and constipation, are common in children with ASD, and the severity of these symptoms is related to the degree of spectrum characteristics. Additionally, children with ASD have a less diverse gut microbiota. These findings demonstrate the relationship between the gut microbiota and ASD, suggesting that alterations in microbiota composition may contribute to gastrointestinal symptoms and other aspects of the disorder. However, it is important to note that there is still no complete understanding of the causality of ASD, and further research is needed to better understand this relationship.
Descrição
Citação
CAMARGO, Luís Otávio Santos.A microbiota intestinal e o eixo intestino-cérebro no transtorno do espectro autista. 2023. 24 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Nutrição) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2023.