Obtenção de compostos bioativos da casca de barbatimão (Stryphnodendron adstringens) empregando extração por percolação.
Data
2023-06-29
Autores
Novais, Nathália Stahl de 
Orientadores
Veggi, Priscilla Carvalho
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O Stryphnodendron adstringens, também conhecido como barbatimão, é uma árvore nativa do
Cerrado brasileiro conhecida por ser rica em compostos bioativos e tradicionalmente utilizada
como agente anti-inflamatório, analgésico, antisséptico, adstringente e antimicrobiana. Os
principais compostos fenólicos presentes no barbatimão são os taninos, flavonoides e ácidos
fenólicos. A diversidade de compostos presentes nessa planta medicinal proporciona também
uma diversidade de aplicações nas indústrias, sejam elas farmacêuticas, cosméticas,
alimentícias, dentre outras. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo obter extratos da
casca de barbatimão aplicando as técnicas de extração por percolação em leito fixo (PE) e
percolação assistida por ultrassom (PEU), além da extração por Soxhlet para comparação.
Primeiramente, o tipo de solvente foi definido pelo método Soxhlet utilizando etanol (SE) e
metanol (SM) por 6 horas. Em seguida, foi realizada a percolação em leito fixo, em que foram
avaliados os parâmetros de extração como composição de solvente (0, 50 e 100% de etanol em
água, m/m), temperatura (40, 55 e 70 °C) e tempo de extração (5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150
e 180 min). Os extratos foram avaliados quanto ao rendimento global (% em peso), teor de
fenólicos totais (TPC), taninos totais (TTC), flavonoides totais (TFC) e atividade antioxidante
(AA) pelo método FRAP. Os resultados do Soxhlet demonstraram que o etanol obteve o
rendimento global maior que o metanol (38,7 ± 0,4 e 30,9 ± 1,8%, respectivamente). No entanto,
em relação ao TPC, o metanol apresentou melhores resultados que o etanol (342 ± 14 e 316 ±
15 mg TAE/g material seco, respectivamente). A condição otimizada foi a de melhor
desempenho em TPC obtida na PE com etanol à 50 % a 55 °C em 90 min de extração (486 ±
10 mg TAE/g material seco), com rendimento global igual a 51 ± 5%. Além disso, foram os
maiores teores de TTC e AA obtidos (53 ± 1 e 41 ± 1 mg/g AS, respectivamente). Os resultados
mostraram que a extração por Soxhlet e a PEU obtiveram menores TPC em relação à PE (316
±15, 342 ± 14, 348 ± 36 e 486 ± 10 mg/g AS) para SE, SM, PEU e PE, respectivamente. Os
resultados apresentados neste trabalho revelaram a PE como uma técnica de extração acessível,
barata e verde capaz de recuperar alto teor de TPC da casca de barbatimão.
Stryphnodendron adstringens, also known as Barbatimão, is a native tree from the Brazilian Cerrado known for being rich in bioactive compounds and traditionally used as an antiinflammatory, analgesic, antiseptic astringent, and antimicrobial agent. The main phenolic compounds present in barbatimão are tannins, flavonoids and phenolic acids. The diversity of compounds present in this medicinal plant provides a diversity of applications in industries, whether pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, among others. This work aimed to obtain extracts from barbatimão bark by applying the extraction techniques of fixed bed percolation (PE), ultrasound-assisted percolation (PEU), and Soxhlet, for comparisons. Firstly, soxhlet extractions were performed with ethanol (SE) and methanol (SM) as solvents for 6 hours. The fixed bed percolation extractions were kinetically performed, assessing the effect of the composition of solvents (0, 50, and 100% ethanol in water, m/m), temperature (40, 55, and 70°C), and extraction time (5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min). The extracts were evaluated in terms of global yield (wt.%), total phenolic content (TPC), total tannins (TTC), total flavonoids (TFC), and antioxidant activity (AA) by the FRAP method. The results from Soxhlet demonstrated that ethanol obtained better global yield when compared with methanol (38.7 ± 0.4 and 30,9 ± 1.8%, respectively). However, regarding TPC, methanol demonstrated better results than ethanol (342 ± 14 and 316 ± 15 mg TAE/g dry material, respectively). Regarding the fixed bed percolation extractions, the best performance condition in TPC was 50% ethanol at 55 °C in 90 min of extraction (486 ± 10 mg TAE/g dry material), obtaining a global yield equal to 51 ± 5%. This condition also obtained higher TTC and AA contents (53 ± 1 and 41 ± 1 mg TAE/g dry material, respectively). The results showed that Soxhlet and PEU obtained lower levels of total phenolic compounds compared to fixed bed percolation (316 ± 15, 342 ± 14, 348 ± 36 and 486 ± 10 mg TAE/g dry material) for SE, SM, PEU and fixed bed percolation, respectively. The results presented in this work revealed fixed bed percolation as an accessible, cheap and green extraction technique capable of recovering high TPC content from Barbatimão bark.
Stryphnodendron adstringens, also known as Barbatimão, is a native tree from the Brazilian Cerrado known for being rich in bioactive compounds and traditionally used as an antiinflammatory, analgesic, antiseptic astringent, and antimicrobial agent. The main phenolic compounds present in barbatimão are tannins, flavonoids and phenolic acids. The diversity of compounds present in this medicinal plant provides a diversity of applications in industries, whether pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, among others. This work aimed to obtain extracts from barbatimão bark by applying the extraction techniques of fixed bed percolation (PE), ultrasound-assisted percolation (PEU), and Soxhlet, for comparisons. Firstly, soxhlet extractions were performed with ethanol (SE) and methanol (SM) as solvents for 6 hours. The fixed bed percolation extractions were kinetically performed, assessing the effect of the composition of solvents (0, 50, and 100% ethanol in water, m/m), temperature (40, 55, and 70°C), and extraction time (5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min). The extracts were evaluated in terms of global yield (wt.%), total phenolic content (TPC), total tannins (TTC), total flavonoids (TFC), and antioxidant activity (AA) by the FRAP method. The results from Soxhlet demonstrated that ethanol obtained better global yield when compared with methanol (38.7 ± 0.4 and 30,9 ± 1.8%, respectively). However, regarding TPC, methanol demonstrated better results than ethanol (342 ± 14 and 316 ± 15 mg TAE/g dry material, respectively). Regarding the fixed bed percolation extractions, the best performance condition in TPC was 50% ethanol at 55 °C in 90 min of extraction (486 ± 10 mg TAE/g dry material), obtaining a global yield equal to 51 ± 5%. This condition also obtained higher TTC and AA contents (53 ± 1 and 41 ± 1 mg TAE/g dry material, respectively). The results showed that Soxhlet and PEU obtained lower levels of total phenolic compounds compared to fixed bed percolation (316 ± 15, 342 ± 14, 348 ± 36 and 486 ± 10 mg TAE/g dry material) for SE, SM, PEU and fixed bed percolation, respectively. The results presented in this work revealed fixed bed percolation as an accessible, cheap and green extraction technique capable of recovering high TPC content from Barbatimão bark.