Associação entre cognição social, estados de humor e consumo de álcool em jovens adultos
Data
2023-01-27
Autores
Petucco, Giovanna Teixeira 
Orientadores
Formigoni, Maria Lucia Oliveira de Souza
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Cognição Social diz respeito a um conjunto de habilidades, como processamento de emoções, empatia e atribuição de estado mental, que influenciam a regulação do comportamento e processos de tomada de decisão em contexto social. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a existência de associação entre déficits de cognição social e uso de risco ou dependência de álcool em adultos jovens, considerando a influência de fatores socioeconômicos. Em uma primeira sessão, 241 voluntários, de ambos os sexos e entre 18 e 25 anos de idade, responderam de forma online a questionários sobre problemas associados ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - AUDIT e Inventário de Situações de Beber - ISB-42), estados de humor e estresse (Depression, Anxiety & Stress Scales – 21 - DASS-21), histórico familiar de problemas relacionados ao uso de álcool, nível de escolaridade e características sociodemográficas (idade, gênero e local de moradia) e econômicas (Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil). Destes, 112 voluntários com características similares às dos que participaram da 1ª sessão, consentiram em participar da segunda sessão do estudo que consistiu em uma avaliação, também em formato online, de habilidades empáticas (Escala Multidimensional de Reatividade Interpessoal de Davis), reconhecimento de emoções (Tarefa de Reconhecimento de Emoções Básicas e Complexas em Faces) e atribuição de estado mental (Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test - RMET). Eles também responderam a um questionário de triagem do uso de substâncias psicotrópicas (ASSIST). Foram utilizados modelos de análise multivariada (GLM - Generalized Linear Model), de correlação e de regressão linear para estudar associações entre as variáveis. De acordo com nossa hipótese, se déficits de cognição social constituíssem fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de dependência de álcool, deveriam estar presentes de forma mais frequente ou intensa, nos grupos de adultos jovens que fazem uso de risco do que no grupo de baixo risco/abstêmios. Os resultados não indicaram associação entre as variáveis socioeconômicas e as medidas de consumo de álcool ou problemas relacionados, nem com as medidas de cognição social. Houve associação significativa entre as medidas de consumo de álcool e a capacidade de reconhecer emoções em faces, com níveis maiores de consumo e problemas relacionados a ele, sendo associados a menores taxas de acertos em testes de cognição social. Estes resultados fortalecem a hipótese do estudo e trazem dados importantes sobre a relação entre consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e aspectos de cognição social.
Social cognition concerns a set of skills, such as emotion processing, empathy and mental state attribution, which influence the regulation of behavior and decisionmaking processes in a social context. The aim of the study was to assess the existence of association between deficits in social cognition and the risk use of or dependence on alcohol, considering the influence of socioeconomic factors and level of education. In a cross-sectional study, carried out in two sessions, volunteers of both sex, aged between 18 and 25 years were evaluated. In the first session, 241 volunteers responded to an online questionnaire about problems associated with alcohol consumption (AUDIT and Inventory of Drinking Situations), mood (DASS-21), family history of problems related to the use of alcohol or other psychoactive substances, level of education and social and demographic characteristics (age, gender and place of residence) and economic status (Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria). Out of them, in the second session 112 volunteers, who had similar characteristics to those who participated in the first session, were invited to respond to instruments that assess empathic skills (Davis Multidimensional Reactivity Scale), recognition of emotions (Task of Recognition of basic and complex Emotions in Faces), capacity of attribution of mental state (theory of mind, evaluated by RMET) and problems associated with the use of psychoactive substances (ASSIST). Multivariate analysis (GLM - Generalized Linear Model), correlation and linear regression models were used to study associations between variables. According to our hypothesis, if social cognition deficits constitute a risk factor for the development of alcohol dependence, they should be present more frequently or intensely in the groups of young adults with at-risk alcohol consumption than in the group of low-risk or abstainers. We did not observe association between the socioeconomic variables and the measures of alcohol consumption or problems related to it, as well as with measures of social cognition. There was an association between measures of alcohol consumption and the ability to recognize emotions in faces, with higher levels of consumption and alcohol-related problems being associated with lower rates of correct answers in the tests of social cognition. These results strengthen the study's hypothesis and bring important data about the relationship between alcohol consumption and social cognition aspects.
Social cognition concerns a set of skills, such as emotion processing, empathy and mental state attribution, which influence the regulation of behavior and decisionmaking processes in a social context. The aim of the study was to assess the existence of association between deficits in social cognition and the risk use of or dependence on alcohol, considering the influence of socioeconomic factors and level of education. In a cross-sectional study, carried out in two sessions, volunteers of both sex, aged between 18 and 25 years were evaluated. In the first session, 241 volunteers responded to an online questionnaire about problems associated with alcohol consumption (AUDIT and Inventory of Drinking Situations), mood (DASS-21), family history of problems related to the use of alcohol or other psychoactive substances, level of education and social and demographic characteristics (age, gender and place of residence) and economic status (Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria). Out of them, in the second session 112 volunteers, who had similar characteristics to those who participated in the first session, were invited to respond to instruments that assess empathic skills (Davis Multidimensional Reactivity Scale), recognition of emotions (Task of Recognition of basic and complex Emotions in Faces), capacity of attribution of mental state (theory of mind, evaluated by RMET) and problems associated with the use of psychoactive substances (ASSIST). Multivariate analysis (GLM - Generalized Linear Model), correlation and linear regression models were used to study associations between variables. According to our hypothesis, if social cognition deficits constitute a risk factor for the development of alcohol dependence, they should be present more frequently or intensely in the groups of young adults with at-risk alcohol consumption than in the group of low-risk or abstainers. We did not observe association between the socioeconomic variables and the measures of alcohol consumption or problems related to it, as well as with measures of social cognition. There was an association between measures of alcohol consumption and the ability to recognize emotions in faces, with higher levels of consumption and alcohol-related problems being associated with lower rates of correct answers in the tests of social cognition. These results strengthen the study's hypothesis and bring important data about the relationship between alcohol consumption and social cognition aspects.
Descrição
Citação
PETUCCO, Giovanna Teixeira. Associação entre cognição social, estados de humor e consumo de álcool em jovens adultos. Dissertação (Mestrado em Psicobiologia) – Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). São Paulo. 2023.