Processamento sensorial em crianças com TEA: percepção de pais e profissionais
Data
2023-02-28
Autores
Silva, Luísa de Mattos Graziani [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Jurdi, Andrea Perosa Saigh [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) é hoje considerado uma desordem complexa do comportamento que se caracterizada por déficits na comunicação social e comportamentos, interesses e atividades restritos e repetitivos. Alguns estudos revelam que 40% a 80% das crianças com TEA apresentam alterações em nível do processamento sensorial, que se manifestam através da dificuldade em responder adequadamente a estímulos sensoriais. Nesta investigação pretende-se analisar a percepção de pais e profissionais na área do processamento sensorial de crianças com TEA, dos 3 aos 6 anos, e se as variáveis sociodemográficas e profissionais interferem no perfil de desenvolvimento na área do processamento sensorial, destas mesmas crianças. O estudo é de natureza quantitativa e inferencial e tem como instrumento de coleta de dados a “Escala de Avaliação do Perfil Desenvolvimento de Crianças com Perturbações do Espectro do Autismo”, desenvolvida e validada em território português. Participaram do estudo 50 cuidadores e 50 profissionais. As características da amostra foram analisadas pela estatística descritiva; as variáveis numéricas foram representadas pela média e desvio-padrão e as variáveis categóricas, pelas frequências absolutas e relativas. Os resultados revelam que existem divergências nas avaliações feitas à criança por parte dos pais e dos profissionais. Os terapeutas avaliam mais positivamente a dimensão do processamento sensorial (M=37,06) comparativamente com os pais (M=30,68). O perfil sociodemográfico apontou para famílias cujo cuidado da casa e do filho na maioria dos casos é tarefa da mãe. As crianças com TEA são encaminhadas pelo médico para a intervenção precoce e são atendidas por equipes multidisciplinares. Os profissionais que formam estas equipes, em sua maioria tem formação em TEA, porém poucos apresentam formação específica em Intervenção Precoce ou Integração Sensorial. Não houve influência estatística em relação as variáveis socioeconômicas, porém a pesquisa pode representar uma melhora na reflexão e na compreensão dos pais e profissionais para certos comportamentos que a criança apresenta, relacionados à alteração no processamento sensorial. Analisando a pertinência deste estudo considera-se ainda necessário que futuras pesquisas aumentem e diversifiquem a amostra de modo a sustentar e fortalecer os seus resultados e desenvolvam novos estudos qualitativos que permitam compreender de forma mais aprofundada os resultados desta pesquisa.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is today considered a complex behavior disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted and repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities. Some studies reveal that 40% to 80% of children with ASD have alterations in sensory processing, which manifest themselves through difficulty in responding adequately to sensory stimuli. This research aims to analyze the perception of parents and professionals in the area of sensory processing of children with ASD, from 3 to 6 years old, and whether the socio-demographic and professional variables interfere in the development profile in the area of sensory processing of these children. The study has a quantitative and inferential nature and its data collection instrument is the "Scale of Assessment of the Developmental Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders", developed and validated in Portuguese territory. Fifty caregivers and 50 professionals participated in the study. The sample characteristics were analyzed by descriptive statistics; numerical variables were represented by mean and standard deviation and categorical variables by absolute and relative frequencies. The results reveal that there are divergences in the evaluations made of the child by parents and professionals. Therapists evaluate the sensory processing dimension more positively (M=37.06) compared to parents (M=30.68). The sociodemographic profile pointed to families whose home and child care in most cases is the mother's task. Children with ASD are referred by their physician for early intervention and are assisted by multidisciplinary teams. The professionals that make up these teams are mostly trained in ASD, but few have specific training in Early Intervention or Sensory Integration. There was no statistical influence in relation to socioeconomic variables, but the research may represent an improvement in the reflection and understanding of parents and professionals for certain behaviors that the child presents, related to alterations in sensory processing. Analyzing the relevance of this study, it is still considered necessary that future researches increase and diversify the sample in order to sustain and strengthen its results and develop new qualitative studies that allow a deeper understanding of the results of this research.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is today considered a complex behavior disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and restricted and repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities. Some studies reveal that 40% to 80% of children with ASD have alterations in sensory processing, which manifest themselves through difficulty in responding adequately to sensory stimuli. This research aims to analyze the perception of parents and professionals in the area of sensory processing of children with ASD, from 3 to 6 years old, and whether the socio-demographic and professional variables interfere in the development profile in the area of sensory processing of these children. The study has a quantitative and inferential nature and its data collection instrument is the "Scale of Assessment of the Developmental Profile of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders", developed and validated in Portuguese territory. Fifty caregivers and 50 professionals participated in the study. The sample characteristics were analyzed by descriptive statistics; numerical variables were represented by mean and standard deviation and categorical variables by absolute and relative frequencies. The results reveal that there are divergences in the evaluations made of the child by parents and professionals. Therapists evaluate the sensory processing dimension more positively (M=37.06) compared to parents (M=30.68). The sociodemographic profile pointed to families whose home and child care in most cases is the mother's task. Children with ASD are referred by their physician for early intervention and are assisted by multidisciplinary teams. The professionals that make up these teams are mostly trained in ASD, but few have specific training in Early Intervention or Sensory Integration. There was no statistical influence in relation to socioeconomic variables, but the research may represent an improvement in the reflection and understanding of parents and professionals for certain behaviors that the child presents, related to alterations in sensory processing. Analyzing the relevance of this study, it is still considered necessary that future researches increase and diversify the sample in order to sustain and strengthen its results and develop new qualitative studies that allow a deeper understanding of the results of this research.
Descrição
Citação
SILVA, Luísa de Mattos Graziani. Processamento Sensorial em Crianças com TEA: Percepção de Pais e Profissionais. 2023. 93 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2023.