Maria Antônia Soares: vida e trajetória política de uma jovem anarquista (1898–1922)
Data
2023-02-23
Autores
Silvério, Beatriz Rodrigues [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Biondi, Luigi [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A presente dissertação consiste em uma biografia de Maria Antônia Soares, com recorte no período da juventude e enfoque político articulado com aspectos da vida pessoal e familiar, numa perspectiva no qual as esferas da vida, da trajetória política e do pensamento são indissociáveis. Nascida em São Paulo, no dia 8 de abril de 1898, Maria Antônia era filha de dois espanhóis, José Soares Fernandes e Paula Arias. Viveu em São Paulo, Santos e em Rosário, na Argentina. Foi costureira e ingressou no mundo do trabalho ainda muito jovem, devido à morte do pai, por volta de 1910. Aos 14 anos, publicou seu primeiro escrito, no jornal anticlerical A Lanterna e a partir de então passou dez anos mergulhada na militância anarquista. Publicou mais de trinta textos, a maioria assinados com o pseudônimo Maria A. Soares, foi educadora em escolas racionalistas, atuou no teatro social, subiu ao palanque em comícios e participou de greves de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras de diversos setores. Os itinerários da biografada são construídos em conjunto com o contexto em que ela vivia e as redes que integrava, compreendendo que todos esses aspectos estão entrelaçados. A pesquisa foi constituída com referenciais teóricos da micro-história e da história social, bem como da história das mulheres, considerando as especificidades da biografada, compreendidas pelos marcadores sociais: mulher, trabalhadora e jovem.
The present dissertation consists of a biography of Maria Antônia Soares, focusing on the youth period and political focus articulated with aspects of personal and family life, in a perspective in which the spheres of life, political trajectory and thought are inseparable. Born in São Paulo, on April 8, 1898, Maria Antônia was the daughter of two Spaniards, José Soares Fernandes and Paula Arias. She lived in São Paulo, Santos, and in Rosario, Argentina. She was a seamstress and entered the world of work at a very young age, due to the death of her father, around 1910. At the age of 14, she published her first writing, in the anticlerical newspaper A Lanterna, and from then on spent ten years immersed in anarchist militancy. She published more than thirty texts, most signed with the pseudonym Maria A. Soares, was an educator in rationalist schools, performed in social theater, took part in rallies, and participated in strikes of workers from various sectors. The biographer's itineraries are constructed together with the context in which she lived and the networks she was part of, understanding that all these aspects are intertwined. The research was made with theoretical references from microhistory and social history, as well as women's history, considering the specificities of the biographee, understood by the social markers: woman, worker and young.
The present dissertation consists of a biography of Maria Antônia Soares, focusing on the youth period and political focus articulated with aspects of personal and family life, in a perspective in which the spheres of life, political trajectory and thought are inseparable. Born in São Paulo, on April 8, 1898, Maria Antônia was the daughter of two Spaniards, José Soares Fernandes and Paula Arias. She lived in São Paulo, Santos, and in Rosario, Argentina. She was a seamstress and entered the world of work at a very young age, due to the death of her father, around 1910. At the age of 14, she published her first writing, in the anticlerical newspaper A Lanterna, and from then on spent ten years immersed in anarchist militancy. She published more than thirty texts, most signed with the pseudonym Maria A. Soares, was an educator in rationalist schools, performed in social theater, took part in rallies, and participated in strikes of workers from various sectors. The biographer's itineraries are constructed together with the context in which she lived and the networks she was part of, understanding that all these aspects are intertwined. The research was made with theoretical references from microhistory and social history, as well as women's history, considering the specificities of the biographee, understood by the social markers: woman, worker and young.