Análise do perfil cromatográfico de metabólitos secundários produzidos por fungos do gênero Aspergillus spp.
Data
2022-12-20
Autores
Silva, Richard Maciente Silvino da 
Orientadores
Batista, Wagner Luiz
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Fungos filamentosos são seres vivos com uma riqueza biológica vasta, com milhões de espécies existentes com características diversas tanto entre si quanto entre membros da mesma espécie. Eles são capazes de produzir uma grande amálgama de produtos naturais bioativos na forma de metabólitos secundários, produtos de baixo peso molecular e ampla variedade química e de origens metabólicas. Estas características de seus metabólitos são de grande importância tanto para a vida fúngica, que pode ter sua capacidade de esporulação e sobrevivência em um ambiente auxiliada pelos metabólitos secundários que produz, quanto para os humanos, capazes de fazer uso destes metabólitos na busca de tratamentos para diversas condições, dentre muitos outros usos. Uma destas condições é a leishmaniose, doença tropical negligenciada que aflige milhões de pessoas ao redor do mundo, e cuja falta de tratamentos viáveis é um problema de saúde de ampla escala para a população mundial e, em particular, brasileira. Na busca por identificação química dos produtos naturais de um fungo com potencial uso no tratamento desta doença, foi realizada extração dos metabólitos de múltiplas cepas de Aspergillus fumigatus em acetato de etila e identificação de seus espectros de ultravioleta e visível para identificação de sua absorção de radiação e comparação na produção de metabólitos entre cepas distintas de fungos da espécie, através das quais foi possível identificar que, mesmo sob as mesmas condições de cultivo e extração deles, houve produção de moléculas distintas, podendo explicar as atividades diferentes destes metabólitos contra Leishmania spp., bactérias e células tumorais.
Filamentous fungi are living beings with a vast biological abundance, having million of existing species with diverse characteristics, both among themselves and between members of the same species. They are capable of producing a large amount of bioactive natural products in the form of secondary metabolites, products with a low molecular weight and ample variety in chemical composition and metabolic origins. Their metabolites’ characteristics are of large importance both for the fungi’s lives, that may have their sporulation and survival in an environment helped by the secondary metabolites that they produce, as well as for humans, capable of making use of those secondary metabolites in their search for treatments for many conditions, among many other uses. One of those conditions is leishmaniasis, a tropical disease that afflicts millions of individuals around the world, and whose lack of viable treatments is a large-scale health problem for the world’s and, particularly, Brazilian population. In the search of chemical identification of the natural products of a fungus with potential use in the treatment of this disease, extraction of the metabolites of multiple strains of Aspergillus fumigatus in ethyl-acetate was conducted, as well as identification of their ultraviolet and visible light spectrums for identification of their absorption and comparison of metabolites between distinct strains of fungi belonging to the same species, through which it was possible to identify that, even under the same cultivation and extraction conditions, there was production of distinct molecules, with that being a possible explanation for the different activities of those metabolites against Leishmania spp, bacteria and tumor cells.
Filamentous fungi are living beings with a vast biological abundance, having million of existing species with diverse characteristics, both among themselves and between members of the same species. They are capable of producing a large amount of bioactive natural products in the form of secondary metabolites, products with a low molecular weight and ample variety in chemical composition and metabolic origins. Their metabolites’ characteristics are of large importance both for the fungi’s lives, that may have their sporulation and survival in an environment helped by the secondary metabolites that they produce, as well as for humans, capable of making use of those secondary metabolites in their search for treatments for many conditions, among many other uses. One of those conditions is leishmaniasis, a tropical disease that afflicts millions of individuals around the world, and whose lack of viable treatments is a large-scale health problem for the world’s and, particularly, Brazilian population. In the search of chemical identification of the natural products of a fungus with potential use in the treatment of this disease, extraction of the metabolites of multiple strains of Aspergillus fumigatus in ethyl-acetate was conducted, as well as identification of their ultraviolet and visible light spectrums for identification of their absorption and comparison of metabolites between distinct strains of fungi belonging to the same species, through which it was possible to identify that, even under the same cultivation and extraction conditions, there was production of distinct molecules, with that being a possible explanation for the different activities of those metabolites against Leishmania spp, bacteria and tumor cells.