Impactos da COVID-19 sobre Hábitos de Vida e Saúde Mental de Estudantes Adolescentes: Estresse, Ansiedade e Estratégias de Coping
Data
2022-02-21
Autores
Rodrigues, Roberta Neves Gago 
Orientadores
Viana, Milena de Barros
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: A adolescência é uma época de grandes transformações fisiológicas, cognitivas, sociais e psíquicas. A pandemia da COVID-19 acarretou uma quebra de paradigma na vida da população mundial. As medidas de isolamento social afetaram diretamente a saúde mental da população adolescente, uma vez que esta tende a ser mais vulnerável aos efeitos negativos do estresse, dadas as características do neurodesenvolvimento próprias dessa etapa. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar os impactos da pandemia da COVID-19 sobre os hábitos de vida e saúde mental de estudantes adolescentes, com mapeamento de sintomas de estresse, ansiedade e depressão, bem como possíveis estratégias de coping adotadas por esta população, buscando possíveis correlações entre estes sintomas e as estratégias adotadas. Métodos: Foram aplicados os instrumentos: anamnese, Escala DASS-21 e Coping Response Inventory – Youth Form – CRI-Y em 215 estudantes, com idade média de 14,92 anos, dos segmentos da educação básica Ensino Fundamental – Anos Finais e Ensino Médio. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram impactos negativos no processo de aprendizagem dos alunos, aumento do comportamento sedentário, do uso de redes sociais, além de alterações no padrão de sono e hábitos alimentares. A própria saúde mental foi motivo de grande preocupação. Observou-se algum nível de estresse, ansiedade e depressão acima do considerado normal, na população analisada. A estratégia de coping aceitação-resignação foi utilizada como recurso para lidar com a pandemia e seus efeitos. Ademais, para todos os participantes do estudo, constatou-se uma correlação positiva entre sintomas de depressão e ansiedade e as estratégias de coping análise lógica, evitação cognitiva, aceitação-resignação e descarga emocional. Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a pandemia da COVID-19, e suas consequências, possam podem ter contribuído para um aumento nos níveis de estresse, ansiedade e depressão em adolescentes e, destacadamente, nos participantes do gênero feminino. Ademais, corrobora-se a ideia de que estratégias de evitação em eventos estressores concebidos como incontroláveis tendem a ser mais utilizadas, principalmente pelas adolescentes mais velhas. Finalmente, nossos resultados sugerem o uso preferencial de estratégias de evitação consideradas desadaptadas, mais preditivas de sintomas de depressão e ansiedade e que constituem fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de transtornos mentais em crianças e adolescentes, principalmente as do gênero feminino.
Introduction: Adolescence is a period of physiological, cognitive, and psychosocial transformation. The COVID-19 pandemic determined a paradigm shift, deeply altering life habits around the world. Social distancing protocols directly affected adolescents’ mental health, considering that this population tend to be more vulnerable to the negative effects of stress, given the inherent neurodevelopmental characteristics of this life stage. Objective: The present study aimed at verifying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle habits and mental health of adolescent students, mapping stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms, as well as possible coping strategies employed by this population, while observing possible correlations between these symptoms and the employed coping strategies. Methods: 215 Middle School and High School students, mean age 14.92 years, were asked to answer a questionnaire, and complete the DASS-21 and Coping Response Inventory – Youth Form scales. Results: Results indicated negative impacts in the students learning process, increases in sedentary behavior, time spent on social networks, as well as alterations in sleep patterns and eating habits. Their own mental health was a reason of great concern. Mild to moderate levels of depression, anxiety and stress was observed in the analysed population. The coping strategy Acceptance-Resignation was used as a resource to deal with the pandemic and its effects. Furthermore, among all participants, positive correlation between depression and anxiety symptoms and the coping strategies Logical Analysis, Cognitive Avoidance, Acceptance-Resignation and Emotional Discharge was observed. Conclusions: Results suggest that the pandemic and its consequences might have contributed for an increase in the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in adolescents, especially among female students. They also corroborate the idea that when stressful events are thought to be not within control, avoidance strategies tend to be employed more frequently, particularly among older females. Moreover, the results indicate a preferential use of avoidance strategies that are considered maladaptive, and more predictive of depression and anxiety symptoms constituting risk factors for the development of mental disorders in children and adolescents, especially among females.
Introduction: Adolescence is a period of physiological, cognitive, and psychosocial transformation. The COVID-19 pandemic determined a paradigm shift, deeply altering life habits around the world. Social distancing protocols directly affected adolescents’ mental health, considering that this population tend to be more vulnerable to the negative effects of stress, given the inherent neurodevelopmental characteristics of this life stage. Objective: The present study aimed at verifying the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle habits and mental health of adolescent students, mapping stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms, as well as possible coping strategies employed by this population, while observing possible correlations between these symptoms and the employed coping strategies. Methods: 215 Middle School and High School students, mean age 14.92 years, were asked to answer a questionnaire, and complete the DASS-21 and Coping Response Inventory – Youth Form scales. Results: Results indicated negative impacts in the students learning process, increases in sedentary behavior, time spent on social networks, as well as alterations in sleep patterns and eating habits. Their own mental health was a reason of great concern. Mild to moderate levels of depression, anxiety and stress was observed in the analysed population. The coping strategy Acceptance-Resignation was used as a resource to deal with the pandemic and its effects. Furthermore, among all participants, positive correlation between depression and anxiety symptoms and the coping strategies Logical Analysis, Cognitive Avoidance, Acceptance-Resignation and Emotional Discharge was observed. Conclusions: Results suggest that the pandemic and its consequences might have contributed for an increase in the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in adolescents, especially among female students. They also corroborate the idea that when stressful events are thought to be not within control, avoidance strategies tend to be employed more frequently, particularly among older females. Moreover, the results indicate a preferential use of avoidance strategies that are considered maladaptive, and more predictive of depression and anxiety symptoms constituting risk factors for the development of mental disorders in children and adolescents, especially among females.
Descrição
Citação
RODRIGUES, Roberta Neves Gago. Impactos da COVID-19 sobre Hábitos de Vida e Saúde Mental de Estudantes Adolescentes: Estresse, Ansiedade e Estratégias de Coping. 2022. 106 f.
Dissertação (Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.