Autopercepção do conforto acústico utilizando o telefone celular como reprodutor musical
Data
2021-06
Autores
Lopes, Jackeline Gomes [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Assunção, Marlete Pereira Meira de [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A autopercepção do indivíduo em relação ao conforto acústico foi investigada utilizando o
celular como reprodutor musical. Este dispositivo eletrônico é amplamente utilizado entre
adultos jovens para ouvir música com fone de ouvido durante longos períodos. A percepção
do conforto auditivo foi estudada a partir de um questionário. Antes de responder cada
uma das perguntas sobre a sua percepção auditiva em relação ao conforto acústico, o
participante tinha a orientação de ouvir uma música de duração de 1min30s com seu telefone
celular associado a um fone de ouvido supra-auriculares na escala de volume máximo.
As músicas selecionadas foram de 5 diferentes estilos (ritmos) musicais (música clássica,
funk, pop, rock/metal e sertanejo). As marcas dos telefones celulares mais utilizados pelos
participantes foram Apple, Motorola, Samsung e Xiaomi. O total de 101 participantes
responderam o questionário e para a análise foram divididos em grupos nas três dimensões
de gênero, de etnia e de faixa etária. O número de participantes foram: de gênero: feminino
(57 participantes) e masculino (44 participantes); de etnia: amarelos (5 participantes),
brancos (67 participantes), pardos (13 participantes) e pretos(16 participantes); e de faixa
etária: 18 a 23 anos (34 participantes), 24 a 29 anos (15 participantes) e de 30 a 54 anos (8
participantes). A análise foi feita considerando todos os participantes (global) e por grupos
(local). Para as medidas das intensidades sonoras, em dB (A), de cada música utilizada
na escuta foi realizada uma calibração prévia. Essa calibração foi feita empregando o
aplicativo Decibel X que funciona para o sistema iOS e Android nas escalas de volume
1 (alta), 3/4 (média) e 1/2 (baixa). A escala 1 corresponde a máxima intensidade e
refere-se a escala de volume adotada no questionário. Além da calibração da intensidade
sonora na escala de volume máxima, as demais escalas foram utilizadas para verificar a
reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade do aplicativo. A duração da medida para os estilos
musicais foram realizadas no mesmo tempo de escuta (1min30s) e trechos das músicas
propostos no questionário. A componente neuropsicológica entre a preferência musical
e o conforto acústico foi investigada para a determinação dos limiares de audição e de
dor. Neste trabalho, esses conceitos foram adaptados à situação da escuta local (telefones
celulares com fones de ouvido). As intensidades sonoras mínima (nenhum desconforto)
e máxima (pouco desconforto) foram usados para aferir o limiar de audição de 65 dB
(A) e 80 dB (A), respectivamente, após a identificação do grupo de participantes com
inexistência de correlações evidentes de preferência musical. Na amostra analisada foi
identificada a baixa sensibilidade auditiva para o gênero masculino nas intensidades de 60
a 80 dB (A).
The individual’s self-evaluation of acoustic comfort was investigated using the cell phone as a music player. This electronic device is widely used among young adults to listen to music with headphones for extended periods. The perception of hearing comfort was studied using a questionnaire. Before answering each of the questions about their auditory perception in relation to acoustic comfort, the participant was instructed to listen to a song lasting 1min30s with their cell phone associated with an over-the-ear headphones in the maximum volume scale. The selected songs were from 5 different musical styles (rhythms) (classical music, Brazilian funk, pop, rock/metal and Brazilian country music). The brands of cell phones most used by the participants were Apple, Motorola, Samsung and Xiaomi. A total of 101 participants answered the questionnaire and for analysis were divided into groups in the three dimensions of gender, ethnicity and age group. The number of participants were: gender: female (57 participants) and male (44 participants); ethnicity: yellow (5 participants), white (67 participants), brown (13 participants) and black (16 participants); and age group: 18 to 23 years old (34 participants), 24 to 29 years old (15 participants) and 30 to 54 years old (8 participants). The analysis was performed considering all participants (global) and by groups (local). For the measurements of sound intensities, in dB (A), of each song used for listening, a previous calibration was performed. This calibration was done using the Decibel X app that works for the iOS and Android system in volume scales 1 (high), 3/4 (medium) and 1/2 (low). The Scale 1 corresponds to the maximum intensity and refers to the volume scale adopted in the questionnaire. In addition to the sound intensity calibration in the maximum volume scale, the other scales were used to verify the application’s reproducibility and reliability. The duration of the measurement for the musical styles was performed at the same listening time (1min30s) and excerpts from the songs proposed in the questionnaire. The neuropsychological component between musical preference and acoustic comfort was investigated to determine hearing and pain thresholds. In this work, these concepts were adapted to the situation of local listening (cell phones with headphones). The minimum (no discomfort) and maximum (little discomfort) sound intensities were used to measure the hearing threshold of 65 dB (A) and 80 dB (A), respectively, after identifying the group of participants with no evident correlations of musical preference. In the analyzed sample, low hearing sensitivity was identified for males at intensities from 60 to 80 dB (A).
The individual’s self-evaluation of acoustic comfort was investigated using the cell phone as a music player. This electronic device is widely used among young adults to listen to music with headphones for extended periods. The perception of hearing comfort was studied using a questionnaire. Before answering each of the questions about their auditory perception in relation to acoustic comfort, the participant was instructed to listen to a song lasting 1min30s with their cell phone associated with an over-the-ear headphones in the maximum volume scale. The selected songs were from 5 different musical styles (rhythms) (classical music, Brazilian funk, pop, rock/metal and Brazilian country music). The brands of cell phones most used by the participants were Apple, Motorola, Samsung and Xiaomi. A total of 101 participants answered the questionnaire and for analysis were divided into groups in the three dimensions of gender, ethnicity and age group. The number of participants were: gender: female (57 participants) and male (44 participants); ethnicity: yellow (5 participants), white (67 participants), brown (13 participants) and black (16 participants); and age group: 18 to 23 years old (34 participants), 24 to 29 years old (15 participants) and 30 to 54 years old (8 participants). The analysis was performed considering all participants (global) and by groups (local). For the measurements of sound intensities, in dB (A), of each song used for listening, a previous calibration was performed. This calibration was done using the Decibel X app that works for the iOS and Android system in volume scales 1 (high), 3/4 (medium) and 1/2 (low). The Scale 1 corresponds to the maximum intensity and refers to the volume scale adopted in the questionnaire. In addition to the sound intensity calibration in the maximum volume scale, the other scales were used to verify the application’s reproducibility and reliability. The duration of the measurement for the musical styles was performed at the same listening time (1min30s) and excerpts from the songs proposed in the questionnaire. The neuropsychological component between musical preference and acoustic comfort was investigated to determine hearing and pain thresholds. In this work, these concepts were adapted to the situation of local listening (cell phones with headphones). The minimum (no discomfort) and maximum (little discomfort) sound intensities were used to measure the hearing threshold of 65 dB (A) and 80 dB (A), respectively, after identifying the group of participants with no evident correlations of musical preference. In the analyzed sample, low hearing sensitivity was identified for males at intensities from 60 to 80 dB (A).
Descrição
Citação
LOPES, Jackeline Gomes. Autopercepção do conforto acústico utilizando o telefone celular como reprodutor musical. São Paulo, 2021. 84 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Fonoaudiologia) – Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2021.