Essa sim, esse não... Racismo estrutural no processo de adoção
Data
2020-10-23
Autores
Ramos, Ana Lucia Oliveira [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Gonçalves, Renata [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A proposta desse estudo foi compreender como o racismo se expressa no processo de adoção de crianças negras, tomando como ponto de partida a definição do perfil em relação à cor/raça do/a filho/a desejado/a pelos pretendentes à adoção durante sua habilitação ao Sistema Nacional de Adoção. Conceituo a adoção não apenas a partir do disposto no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, enquanto medida de proteção que confere à criança a condição de filho/a com os mesmos direitos e deveres, mas também em diálogo com as teorias psicanalíticas, uma vez identificada a escassa produção científica do Serviço Social a este respeito. Para a realização da pesquisa, a opção metodológica foi a do método dialético, em que os fatos não devem ser considerados fora de um contexto social. Nesse sentido, realizei uma pesquisa bibliográfica de abordagem qualitativa e uma pesquisa documental de abordagem qualitativa. Apresento as diferentes concepções de infância utilizando como base teórica autores/as que abordam a infância, bem como legislações brasileiras relacionadas ao tema. Faço uma discussão sobre as relações étnico-raciais e seu debate com o projeto de identidade nacional e o impacto acerca da expectativa de adoção de crianças embranquecidas. A pesquisa documental consistiu na análise dos processos de habilitação que receberam sentença favorável aos pretendentes durante o ano de 2019 na VIJ de Santo Amaro para identificar o perfil dos pretendentes à adoção e o perfil dos/as filhos/as desejados/as em relação à cor/raça; o que nos levou a examinar o Poder Judiciário e como o racismo institucional se expressa na adoção ideal e na adoção real. Por fim, foram examinados os relatórios produzidos por assistentes sociais após o estudo social realizado com os pretendentes, em especial no que tange à descrição do perfil da criança desejada. O racismo estrutural e o racismo institucional contribuem para a perpetuação da discriminação e invisibilidade de pretos e pardos na VIJ Santo Amaro. Concluo apontando a necessidade de ampliar o olhar e as intervenções produzindo práticas antirracistas no judiciário como forma de contribuir para interromper a perpetuação do racismo nessa instituição.
The present study aimed to understand how racism is expressed in the process of adopting black children. Our starting point was the children’s profile chosen by the adoption applicant’s regarding color/race, during their adoption evaluation process at the National Adoption System (SNA).The concept of adoption presented in this study regards not only the legal interpretation provided by Statue of the Children and Adolescent (ECA) as a protective measure that guarantees the infant the same legal rights and duties of biological children but also the understanding by the psychoanalytical theory – since we identified a lack of Social Service’s studies on this topic. We used the dialectic method, in which facts are considered in their social context. Thus, we conducted a literature review and documental research as our qualitative research methodology. We presented the different conceptions of childhood formulated by authors that investigated this theme, as well as Brazilian legislation on the topic. We discuss ethnic-racial relations and its debate with the Brazilian national identity project, focusing the impact on the applicant’s expectations of adopting whitened children. Our documental research analyzed the adoption evaluation processes that received a favorable decision during 2019 at Santo Amaro’s Juvenile Court, aiming to identify the applicants and the desired children’s profiles regarding color/race. This process led us to examine the Judicial System and how institutional racism expresses itself in the ideal adoption and in real adoption. At last, we examined the social reports produced by social workers after the applicant’s social evaluation, focusing the description of the child they desired. Structural and institutional racism contribute to the perpetuation of discrimination against black and brown people and to their invisibility at Santo Amaro’s Juvenile Court. In conclusion, we identify the necessity of amplifying the comprehension and the interventions at the Judiciary, aiming at producing antiracist practices that can interrupt the perpetuation of racism at this institution.
The present study aimed to understand how racism is expressed in the process of adopting black children. Our starting point was the children’s profile chosen by the adoption applicant’s regarding color/race, during their adoption evaluation process at the National Adoption System (SNA).The concept of adoption presented in this study regards not only the legal interpretation provided by Statue of the Children and Adolescent (ECA) as a protective measure that guarantees the infant the same legal rights and duties of biological children but also the understanding by the psychoanalytical theory – since we identified a lack of Social Service’s studies on this topic. We used the dialectic method, in which facts are considered in their social context. Thus, we conducted a literature review and documental research as our qualitative research methodology. We presented the different conceptions of childhood formulated by authors that investigated this theme, as well as Brazilian legislation on the topic. We discuss ethnic-racial relations and its debate with the Brazilian national identity project, focusing the impact on the applicant’s expectations of adopting whitened children. Our documental research analyzed the adoption evaluation processes that received a favorable decision during 2019 at Santo Amaro’s Juvenile Court, aiming to identify the applicants and the desired children’s profiles regarding color/race. This process led us to examine the Judicial System and how institutional racism expresses itself in the ideal adoption and in real adoption. At last, we examined the social reports produced by social workers after the applicant’s social evaluation, focusing the description of the child they desired. Structural and institutional racism contribute to the perpetuation of discrimination against black and brown people and to their invisibility at Santo Amaro’s Juvenile Court. In conclusion, we identify the necessity of amplifying the comprehension and the interventions at the Judiciary, aiming at producing antiracist practices that can interrupt the perpetuation of racism at this institution.
Descrição
Citação
RAMOS, Ana Lucia Oliveira. Essa sim, esse não... Racismo estrutural no processo de adoção. 2020. 159 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Serviço Social e Políticas Sociais) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2020.