Perfil do cuidador familiar brasileiro: inquérito na demência
Data
2021-06-29
Autores
Cabral, Giovana Sanches [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Mattos, Emanuela Bezerra Torres [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O aumento na expectativa de vida causa impacto direto em doenças ligadas ao
envelhecimento, como a demência, o que faz com que o idoso necessite de cuidados em
tempo integral, em grande parte, fornecidos por um membro da família. Objetivo:
Conhecer o perfil de cuidadores familiares de idosos com demência no Brasil, bem como
a percepção e os impactos do cuidar em demência. Materiais e Método: Entre
2019/2020, utilizou-se um questionário semiestruturado de abordagem quantitativa a
partir da plataforma Google Forms, contendo questões que abordaram tópicos sobre
dados sociais e demográficos dos cuidadores, a auto percepção do cuidado dedicado,
aspectos positivos e/ou negativos do papel desempenhado. Os critérios de inclusão foram:
ser cuidador familiar de idoso com demência, e ter disponibilidade em colaborar. Após
o término da coleta de dados, os dados foram tabulados em planilhas do Microsoft Office
Excel, onde as variáveis categóricas foram descritas por meio de frequências absolutas e
relativas. Resultados e Discussão: Participaram 150 cuidadores de todo o país. A média
de idade dos participantes foi de 49 anos, sendo 88% dos cuidadores familiares do sexo
feminino. 70,7% dos respondentes eram filhos, 32% de cuidadores tinham pósgraduação. Em relação aos aspectos negativos do cuidar, o medo pelo futuro, a ansiedade
a insegurança e o estresse foram aqueles com taxas mais altas. Dentre os aspectos
positivos do cuidar, o sentimento de crescimento pessoal, de amadurecimento espiritual,
e de aprendizados Conclusão: A demência afeta diretamente a dinâmica familiar, por
isso, é de extrema importância estudos descritivos e epidemiológicos sobre o perfil do
cuidador em nosso país, bem como, as demandas de cuidado que possam embasar ações
e estratégias políticas de cuidado em saúde, dedicado a criação de políticas públicas
voltadas para a população idosa com transtornos neurocognitivos, além de estratégias de
cuidado que englobem os cuidadores e a família.
The increase in life expectancy has a direct impact on diseases related to aging, such as dementia, which makes the elderly need full-time care, in large part, provided by a family member. Objective: Knowing the profile of family caregivers of elderly people with dementia in Brazil, as well as the perception and impacts of caring for dementia. Subjects and Methodology: Between 2019/2020, a semi-structured questionnaire with a quantitative approach from the Google Forms platform was used, containing questions that approached topics about caregiver information, self-perception of dedicated care, positive and/or negative aspects of the role performed. Inclusion criteria were: Being a family caregiver of elderly people with dementia, and being available to collaborate. After the end of data collection, data were tabulated in Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheets, where categorical variables were described using absolute and relative frequencies. Results and Discussion: 150 caregivers from across the country participated. The average age of participants was 49 years, with 88% of family caregivers being female. 70,7% of respondents were children, 32% of caregivers had graduate degrees. Regarding the negative aspects of care, fear for the future, anxiety, insecurity and stress were those with the highest rates. Among the positive aspects of care, the feeling of personal growth, spiritual maturation, and learning. Conclusion: Dementia directly affects family dynamics, so descriptive and epidemiological studies on the profile of caregivers in our country are extremely important, as well as the demands for care that can support policy actions and strategies for health care, dedicated to creation public policies aimed at the elderly population with neurocognitive disorders, in addition to care strategies that encompass caregivers and the family.
The increase in life expectancy has a direct impact on diseases related to aging, such as dementia, which makes the elderly need full-time care, in large part, provided by a family member. Objective: Knowing the profile of family caregivers of elderly people with dementia in Brazil, as well as the perception and impacts of caring for dementia. Subjects and Methodology: Between 2019/2020, a semi-structured questionnaire with a quantitative approach from the Google Forms platform was used, containing questions that approached topics about caregiver information, self-perception of dedicated care, positive and/or negative aspects of the role performed. Inclusion criteria were: Being a family caregiver of elderly people with dementia, and being available to collaborate. After the end of data collection, data were tabulated in Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheets, where categorical variables were described using absolute and relative frequencies. Results and Discussion: 150 caregivers from across the country participated. The average age of participants was 49 years, with 88% of family caregivers being female. 70,7% of respondents were children, 32% of caregivers had graduate degrees. Regarding the negative aspects of care, fear for the future, anxiety, insecurity and stress were those with the highest rates. Among the positive aspects of care, the feeling of personal growth, spiritual maturation, and learning. Conclusion: Dementia directly affects family dynamics, so descriptive and epidemiological studies on the profile of caregivers in our country are extremely important, as well as the demands for care that can support policy actions and strategies for health care, dedicated to creation public policies aimed at the elderly population with neurocognitive disorders, in addition to care strategies that encompass caregivers and the family.
Descrição
Citação
CABRAL, Giovana Sanches. Perfil do cuidador familiar brasileiro: inquérito na demência. 2021. 36 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Terapia Ocupacional) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2021.