Fisiopatologia da obesidade e suas comorbidades
Data
2017-11-27
Autores
Silva, Winicius Prates 
Orientadores
Telles, Monica Marques
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Nos dias de hoje a obesidade é um dos principais problemas de saúde pública no país e merece atenção devido a sua crescente prevalência entre a população brasileira. Tal quadro aumenta a suscetibilidade de desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares, metabólicas, ortopédicas, neoplásicas, entre outras. É sabido que há uma predisposição genética para a obesidade, porém a obesidade é uma doença multifatorial que resulta da interação de diversos fatores, como por exemplo, genéticos, metabólicos, hormonais, ambientais, comportamentais e culturais. Diante desse quadro, o presente trabalho objetivou realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a obesidade, apresentando suas características erais da doença, como aspectos epidemiológicos no Brasil, prevalência, fisiopatologia e tratamento farmacológico.
O trabalho teve também como objetivo apresentar aspectos importantes relacionados à perda da regulação do apetite envolvida no desenvolvimento da obesidade. Neste contexto, os hormônios Grelina e Leptina foram abordados mais detalhadamente no texto como importantes reguladores do apetite e, consequentemente, do balanço energético. No que diz respeito às comorbidades associadas à obesidade, o presente trabalho abordou de maneira clara e objetiva algumas doenças e quadros clínicos que a obesidade pode desencadear em pacientes obesos.
Tratamentos para pacientes diagnosticados com obesidade são necessários e também abordados no texto. Acompanhamento psicológico, tratamento dietético, pratica de atividades físicas, recursos farmacológicos e cirúrgicos são tratamentos apresentados de maneira clara e direta para proporcionar uma visão mais ampla e completa sobre o assunto.
Nowadays obesity is one of the main problems of public health in the country and deserves attention due to its increasing prevalence among the Brazilian population. Such a condition increases the susceptibility of cardiovascular, metabolic, orthopedic, neoplastic diseases, among others. It is known that there is a genetic predisposition to obesity, but obesity is a multifactorial disease that results from the interaction of several factors, such as genetic, metabolic, hormonal, environmental, behavioral and cultural factors. In view of this situation, the present study aimed to carry out a bibliographic review on obesity, presenting its general characteristics of the disease, such as epidemiological aspects in Brazil, prevalence, pathophysiology and pharmacological treatment. The objective of this study was to present important aspects related to the loss of appetite regulation involved in the development of obesity. In this context, the hor-mones Ghrelin and Leptin were discussed in more detail in the text as important regu-lators of appetite and, consequently, energy balance. With regard to obesity-related comorbidities, the present study addressed in a clear and objective manner some dis-eases and clinical conditions that obesity can trigger in obese patients. Treatments for patients diagnosed with obesity are needed and also addressed in the text. Psychological counseling, dietary treatment, practice of physical activities, phar-macological and surgical resources are treatments presented in a clear and direct way to provide a broader and complete view on the subject.
Nowadays obesity is one of the main problems of public health in the country and deserves attention due to its increasing prevalence among the Brazilian population. Such a condition increases the susceptibility of cardiovascular, metabolic, orthopedic, neoplastic diseases, among others. It is known that there is a genetic predisposition to obesity, but obesity is a multifactorial disease that results from the interaction of several factors, such as genetic, metabolic, hormonal, environmental, behavioral and cultural factors. In view of this situation, the present study aimed to carry out a bibliographic review on obesity, presenting its general characteristics of the disease, such as epidemiological aspects in Brazil, prevalence, pathophysiology and pharmacological treatment. The objective of this study was to present important aspects related to the loss of appetite regulation involved in the development of obesity. In this context, the hor-mones Ghrelin and Leptin were discussed in more detail in the text as important regu-lators of appetite and, consequently, energy balance. With regard to obesity-related comorbidities, the present study addressed in a clear and objective manner some dis-eases and clinical conditions that obesity can trigger in obese patients. Treatments for patients diagnosed with obesity are needed and also addressed in the text. Psychological counseling, dietary treatment, practice of physical activities, phar-macological and surgical resources are treatments presented in a clear and direct way to provide a broader and complete view on the subject.