Comparação entre os efeitos agudos do Método Pilates solo e do Método Pilates aparelho na pressão arterial e na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca de mulheres hipertensas
Data
2020-05-04
Autores
Santos, Raphael da Silva dos 
Orientadores
Medeiros, Alessandra
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
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ISSN da Revista
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INTRODUÇÃO: A hipertensão arterial (HA) é um grave problema de saúde que acomete milhões de brasileiros e fator de risco ao desenvolvimento de outras doenças cardiovasculares. O exercício físico associa-se a reduções na pressão arterial (PA) de hipertensos, sendo o exercício aeróbio de moderada intensidade o tipo mais estudado e comprovadamente colabora na redução dos níveis de PA. O treinamento resistido (TR) é recomendado como complemento ao treinamento aeróbio, porém ainda não há consenso sobre benefícios nos parâmetros hemodinâmicos e autonômicos à população hipertensa, quando praticado isoladamente. O método Pilates (MP) é um tipo de treinamento resistido e, embora haja estudos que comprovem seus efeitos benéficos em doenças musculoesqueléticas e na aptidão física, pouco se sabe sobre sua influência na PA em hipertensos. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar e comparar os efeitos agudos do Pilates solo e aparelho na PA e a variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) de mulheres hipertensas e controladas nas variáveis: PA clínica sistólica, diastólica e média de repouso e imediatamente após a sessão; PA ambulatorial de 24 horas, no período de vigília e sono; frequência cardíaca (FC); Duplo produto (DP); VFC nas variáveis de domínio do tempo e da frequência; MÉTODOS: 16 mulheres sedentárias com a HA controlada submetidas a uma sessão de Pilates aparelho, uma de Pilates solo e uma controle. As sessões foram realizadas randomicamente, com uma semana de intervalo. O protocolo de exercício foi escolhido baseado no repertório básico do MP de modo semelhantes no padrão motor e intensidade em ambas sessões. A PA e FC foi avaliada de forma clínica, antes e imediatamente após cada sessão e, de forma ambulatorial, durante as 24 horas após as sessões. O traçado eletrocardiográfico foi coletado após a mensuração da PA de forma clínica, por 15 minutos. As sessões duraram 50 minutos. Intensidade e FC foram estimadas durante o exercício por meio da percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE). RESULTADOS: Ao analisarmos a PA sistólica, diastólica e média no período de 24 horas, observamos um comportamento de Hipotensão Pós Exercício (HPE), que em alguns momentos foi maior do que na sessão controle. Porém, tais diferenças não foram estatisticamente significantes. As variações da VFC não apresentaram diferenças entre sessões. CONCLUSÃO: Após análise estatística, não pudemos constatar HPE e mudanças no padrão da VFC. Contudo, observamos tendências fisiologicamente relevantes no comportamento da HPE nas horas subsequentes às sessões de intervenção, assim como indícios do aumento da atividade parassimpática na sessão de Pilates solo.
INTRODUCTION: Arterial hypertension (AH) is a health problem that affects millions of Brazilians and it is a factor of risk for the development of other cardiovascular diseases. Physical exercise is associated with reductions in blood pressure (BP) levels in hypertensive individuals, with moderate-intensity aerobic exercise being the most studied type of training and its collaboration is proven in terms of reductions in BP levels. Resistance training (RT) is currently recommended as a complement to aerobic training, but there is still no consensus on the benefits in hemodynamic and autonomic parameters for the hypertensive population with RT. The Pilates method (MP) is a type of resistance training. Although there are studies that prove the beneficial effects of this practice in musculoskeletal diseases and in improving physical fitness, little is known about the influence of PM on BP in hypertensive individuals. OBJECTIVES: Evaluating the acute effects of the Pilates Method on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) of hypertensive and controlled women in the variables: systolic, diastolic and mean resting BP and immediately after the session; 24-hour ambulatory BP, during the waking and sleep period; heart rate (HR); Double product (DP); HRV in the time and frequency domain variables; METHODS: 16 sedentary women with controlled HA were submitted to one Pilates apparatus, one mat Pilates and one control session. The sessions were carried out randomly with a week interval between each session. The exercise protocol was chosen based on the basic repertoire of the PM and the exercises in both sessions were similar in both motor pattern and intensity. BP and HR were evaluated clinically before and right after each session, and on an outpatient basis, during the 24 hours after the sessions. The electrocardiographic tracing was collected after the BP measurement in a clinical way, for a period of 15 minutes. The sessions lasted 50 minutes and both intensity and HR were estimated during exercise through subjective perception of effort (SPE). RESULTS: It was not possible to observe statistically significant PEH in the intervention sessions and the HRV variations did not differ between sessions. However, when observing the behavior of systolic, diastolic and mean BP in the 24-hour period, PEH was noted and, in some moments, greater than in the control session. CONCLUSION: After statistical analysis, we were unable to see PEH and changes in HRV pattern. However, we observed physiologically relevant trends in the behavior of PEH in the hours following the intervention sessions, as well as evidence of increased parasympathetic activity in the solo Pilates session
INTRODUCTION: Arterial hypertension (AH) is a health problem that affects millions of Brazilians and it is a factor of risk for the development of other cardiovascular diseases. Physical exercise is associated with reductions in blood pressure (BP) levels in hypertensive individuals, with moderate-intensity aerobic exercise being the most studied type of training and its collaboration is proven in terms of reductions in BP levels. Resistance training (RT) is currently recommended as a complement to aerobic training, but there is still no consensus on the benefits in hemodynamic and autonomic parameters for the hypertensive population with RT. The Pilates method (MP) is a type of resistance training. Although there are studies that prove the beneficial effects of this practice in musculoskeletal diseases and in improving physical fitness, little is known about the influence of PM on BP in hypertensive individuals. OBJECTIVES: Evaluating the acute effects of the Pilates Method on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) of hypertensive and controlled women in the variables: systolic, diastolic and mean resting BP and immediately after the session; 24-hour ambulatory BP, during the waking and sleep period; heart rate (HR); Double product (DP); HRV in the time and frequency domain variables; METHODS: 16 sedentary women with controlled HA were submitted to one Pilates apparatus, one mat Pilates and one control session. The sessions were carried out randomly with a week interval between each session. The exercise protocol was chosen based on the basic repertoire of the PM and the exercises in both sessions were similar in both motor pattern and intensity. BP and HR were evaluated clinically before and right after each session, and on an outpatient basis, during the 24 hours after the sessions. The electrocardiographic tracing was collected after the BP measurement in a clinical way, for a period of 15 minutes. The sessions lasted 50 minutes and both intensity and HR were estimated during exercise through subjective perception of effort (SPE). RESULTS: It was not possible to observe statistically significant PEH in the intervention sessions and the HRV variations did not differ between sessions. However, when observing the behavior of systolic, diastolic and mean BP in the 24-hour period, PEH was noted and, in some moments, greater than in the control session. CONCLUSION: After statistical analysis, we were unable to see PEH and changes in HRV pattern. However, we observed physiologically relevant trends in the behavior of PEH in the hours following the intervention sessions, as well as evidence of increased parasympathetic activity in the solo Pilates session
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Citação
SANTOS, Raphael da Silva dos. Comparação entre os efeitos agudos do Método Pilates solo e do Método Pilates aparelho na pressão arterial e na variabilidade da frequência cardíaca de mulheres hipertensas. 2020. 112f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências do Movimento Humano e Reabilitação) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2020.