Política científica e tecnológica no Brasil e em Cuba: a quem serve a produção de conhecimento?
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Data
2021-02-26
Autores
Oliveira, Tamires França Nunes de [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Cordeiro, Denilson Soares [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
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Resumo
No intuito de apresentar reflexões acerca da produção de Ciência e Tecnologia, este trabalho aborda a Política Científica e Tecnológica no Brasil e em Cuba criadas, respectivamente, pelas instituições do Estado burguês e do Estado socialista. Expõe também a relevância do ensino superior para garantir o desenvolvimento de Ciência e Tecnologia, bem como a importância de políticas que garantam a sua infraestrutura e recursos humanos. No entanto, as mesmas não são suficientes para garantir de fato que a Ciência e Tecnologia e a produção de conhecimento sejam direcionadas às demandas do conjunto da população, revelando que a produção de conhecimento no Brasil serve, majoritariamente, aos interesses das classes dominantes e em Cuba serve aos interesses do povo. Como exemplo que evidencia essas diferenças, temos as respostas de ambos países em relação à pandemia de Covid - 19, as quais se destacam a capacidade de Cuba em direcionar, através de um plano nacional, as universidades e centros de pesquisa para o estudo e combate ao novo coronavírus, enquanto no Brasil há iniciativas isoladas e estranguladas pela falta de investimentos, infraestrutura e principalmente, pela ausência de um plano nacional. Apesar disso, a sociedade é passível de mudanças, sendo assim, as contradições da realidade devem servir de questionamentos para impulsionar uma atuação coletiva do povo através de seus instrumentos de organização a fim de estabelecer a produção de conhecimento para os seus interesses e transformar a sociedade. Nesse sentido, as reflexões sobre a produção de conhecimento são fundamentais para os professores que desejam transformar a realidade em busca de melhores condições para o povo. Além disso, no âmbito do ensino superior, as reflexões devem promover, sobretudo, o interesse em pesquisas ligadas às necessidades do povo e a construção da extensão popular como uma via de mão dupla entre a universidade, sociedade e um ensino crítico, sendo assim, impulsionando mudanças dentro e fora das universidades.
With the intention to present reflections on the production of Science and Technology, this study approaches the Scientific Politics and Technology in Brazil and Cuba, created respectively, by the institutions of the bourgeois State and the Socialist State. It also exposes the relevance of higher education to guarantee the development of Science and Technology, as well as the importance of policies that guarantee its infrastructure and human resources. However, they are not enough to guarantee that Science and Technology and the production of knowledge are directed to the demands of the population as a whole, revealing that the production of knowledge in Brazil serves, mainly, the interests of the dominant classes and in Cuba serves the interests of the people. As an example that highlights these differences, we have the responses of both countries in relation to the Covid pandemic - 19, which highlight Cuba's ability to direct, through a national plan, universities and research centers for the study and combat to the new coronavirus, while in Brazil there are isolated and strangled initiatives due to the lack of investments, infrastructure and mainly, the absence of a national plan. Despite this, society is liable to change, so the contradictions of reality must be used to question the collective action of the people through their organizational instruments in order to establish the production of knowledge for their interests and transform society. In this sense, reflections on the production of knowledge are fundamental for teachers who wish to transform reality in search of better conditions for the people. In addition, in the context of higher education, reflections should promote, above all, interest in research related to the needs of the people and the construction of popular extension as a two-way street between the university, society and critical education, thus, driving change inside and outside universities.
With the intention to present reflections on the production of Science and Technology, this study approaches the Scientific Politics and Technology in Brazil and Cuba, created respectively, by the institutions of the bourgeois State and the Socialist State. It also exposes the relevance of higher education to guarantee the development of Science and Technology, as well as the importance of policies that guarantee its infrastructure and human resources. However, they are not enough to guarantee that Science and Technology and the production of knowledge are directed to the demands of the population as a whole, revealing that the production of knowledge in Brazil serves, mainly, the interests of the dominant classes and in Cuba serves the interests of the people. As an example that highlights these differences, we have the responses of both countries in relation to the Covid pandemic - 19, which highlight Cuba's ability to direct, through a national plan, universities and research centers for the study and combat to the new coronavirus, while in Brazil there are isolated and strangled initiatives due to the lack of investments, infrastructure and mainly, the absence of a national plan. Despite this, society is liable to change, so the contradictions of reality must be used to question the collective action of the people through their organizational instruments in order to establish the production of knowledge for their interests and transform society. In this sense, reflections on the production of knowledge are fundamental for teachers who wish to transform reality in search of better conditions for the people. In addition, in the context of higher education, reflections should promote, above all, interest in research related to the needs of the people and the construction of popular extension as a two-way street between the university, society and critical education, thus, driving change inside and outside universities.