Pieter Bruegel, Philip Galle e Hieronymus Cock na impressão de As sete virtudes (1559-1560): rede de impressores e Confessionalização nos Países Baixos
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2021-03-09
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Nessa pesquisa monográfica, investigamos as representações iconográficas das virtudes cardeais e teologais na série de gravuras As sete virtudes, publicada por Hieronymus Cock, entre 1559 e 1560 em Antuérpia, a partir dos desenhos de Pieter Bruegel e das gravações de Philip Galle. A série representa as alegorias de Caridade, Esperança e Fé, como virtudes teologais, e de Prudência, Justiça, Fortaleza, Temperança, como virtudes cardeais. Nosso interesse tem sido explorar a mudança iconográfica nas representações de virtude a partir das disputas confessionais das décadas de 1550 e 1560, bem como problematizar se essas disputas projetaram uma mudança na iconografia de As sete virtudes. Baseado em análises iconográficas, textuais e materiais da série, bem como processo de produção coletiva, impressão e circulação das gravuras, propomos que a As sete virtudes se constituiu como exemplar retórico-visual pedagógico e catequético, que propunha um modelo prático e didático de vida em virtude, supostamente alinhado a uma chave erasmiana de espiritualidade. Por seu turno, esses objetos manifestavam opiniões político-religiosas específicas diante dos processos mais rígidos de disciplinamento social e Confessionalização, da segunda metade do século XVI.
In this monographic research, we investigated the iconographic representations of the cardinal and theological virtues in the series of engravings The Seven Virtues, published by Hieronymus Cock, between 1559 and 1560 in Antwerp, from the drawings of Pieter Bruegel and the copper plates of Philip Galle. The series represents the allegories of Charity, Hope and Faith, as theological virtues, and Prudence, Justice, Fortitude, Temperance, as cardinal virtues. Our interest has been to explore the iconographic change in representations of virtue from the confessional disputes of the 1550s and 1560s, as well as to question whether these disputes projected a change in the iconography of The Seven Virtues. Based on iconographic, textual and material analyses of the series, as well as the collective production process, printing and circulation of the engravings, we propose that The Seven Virtues constituted itself as a pedagogical and catechetical rhetorical-visual example, which proposed a practical and didactic model of life in virtue, supposedly related to the appropriation of erasmian humanism. In turn, these objects expressed specific political-religious opinions in face of the stricter processes of social discipline and Confessionalization, of the second half of the 16th century.
In this monographic research, we investigated the iconographic representations of the cardinal and theological virtues in the series of engravings The Seven Virtues, published by Hieronymus Cock, between 1559 and 1560 in Antwerp, from the drawings of Pieter Bruegel and the copper plates of Philip Galle. The series represents the allegories of Charity, Hope and Faith, as theological virtues, and Prudence, Justice, Fortitude, Temperance, as cardinal virtues. Our interest has been to explore the iconographic change in representations of virtue from the confessional disputes of the 1550s and 1560s, as well as to question whether these disputes projected a change in the iconography of The Seven Virtues. Based on iconographic, textual and material analyses of the series, as well as the collective production process, printing and circulation of the engravings, we propose that The Seven Virtues constituted itself as a pedagogical and catechetical rhetorical-visual example, which proposed a practical and didactic model of life in virtue, supposedly related to the appropriation of erasmian humanism. In turn, these objects expressed specific political-religious opinions in face of the stricter processes of social discipline and Confessionalization, of the second half of the 16th century.
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DUZZI, Mariana Stefanny Moisés. Pieter Bruegel, Philip Galle e Hieronymus Cock na impressão de As sete virtudes (1559-1560): rede de impressores e Confessionalização nos Países Baixos. Orientador: Luís Filipe Silvério Lima. 2021. 92p. TCC (graduação). Curso de História, EFLCH, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2021.