Triagem auditiva e avaliação do equilíbrio em adultos com histórico de traumatismo cranioencefálico
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Data
2021
Autores
Pace, Maria Clara Martins [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Gil, Daniela [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
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Objetivo: Realizar triagem auditiva em pacientes adultos pós traumatismo cranioencefálico. Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal realizado no ambulatório de Neurotrauma/Neurocirurgia do Hospital São Paulo e no Departamento de Fonoaudiologia da UNIFESP, após ter sido aprovado pelo
comitê de ética institucional. Foram selecionados indivíduos na faixa etária de 18 a 60 anos com histórico de traumatismo cranioencefálico de qualquer grau há mais de 6 meses. Os pacientes foram submetidos à: meatoscopia, questionário de história clínica para obter informações específicas da história pregressa da
enfermidade atual. Durante a coleta da história clínica, o paciente foi solicitado a atribuir duas notas de 0 a 10 com auxílio de uma escala analógica visual, sendo a primeira referente aos aspectos auditivos pré injúria e a segunda pós traumatismo cranioencefálico. Em seguida, foi realizada a triagem auditiva nas frequências de 1kHz, 2kHz e 4kHz com audiômetro e fones auriculares em sala silenciosa e para fim a avaliação do equilíbrio foram realizados os testes Romberg Clássico e Sensibilizado e Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). Resultados: Obtivemos que do total da amostra (34), 35,3% falharam à orelha direita e 38,2 % falharam à orelha esquerda. Houve uma diferença entre a nota pré e pós trauma, sendo a média da nota pré foi de 9 e a pós trauma de 7. Para os resultados do equilíbrio, no teste de Romberg Clássico tivemos 1 (2,9%) positivo com desvio para direita e 1 (2,9%) positivo com desvio para esquerda. Já no teste sensibilizado 2 (5,9%) positivo com desvio para direita, 3 (8,8%) positivo com desvio para esquerda, 3 (8,8%) positivo com desvio para frente e 1 (2,9%) positivo com desvio para trás. No TUG, 24 (70,6%) apresentaram resultados dentro da normalidade esperada e 8 (23,5%) apresentaram alteração, revelando risco de queda. Conclusão: a realização da triagem auditiva e do equilíbrio evidenciaram alterações nos pacientes pós TCE ressaltando a importância destas avaliações no contexto do planejamento
terapêutico destes paciente.
Objective: Perform hearing screening in adult patients after Traumatic Brain Injury. Method: This is a cross-sectional observational study that was accompished at the Neurotrauma/Neurosurgery at Hospital São Paulo and the UNIFESP Speech Therapy Department, after being approved by the institucional ethics committee. The individuals selected were aged 18 to 60 years with a history of head trauma of any degree for more than 06 months. Pacients underwent: meatoscopy, a clinical history questionnaire to obtain specific information on the past history of the current disease. Durin the collection of clinical history, the patient was asked to assign two marks from 0 to 10 with the aid of a visual analog scale, the first reffering to the pre-injury auditory aspects and the second to the post-traumatic brain injury. Then, hearing screening was performed at frequencies of 1kHz, 2kHz and 4kHz with audiometer and earphones in a quiet room and for balance assessment purposes, the Romberg Classic and Sensitizes and Time Up and Go (TUG) tests were performed. Results: We obtained that of the total sample (34), 35,3% failed to the right ear and 38,2% failed to the left ear. There was a difference between the pre and the post trauma sore, with the avarage of the pre-trauma score being 9 and the post-trauma score of 7. For the balance results, in the Classic Romberg test we had 1 (2,9%) positive with deviation for right and 1 (2,9%) positive with deviation to the left. In the sensitized test, 2 (5,9%) positive with right deviation, 3 (8,8%) positive with left deviation, 3 (8,8%) positive with foward deviation and 1 (2,9%) positive with backward deviation. In the TUG, 24 (70,6%), presented results within the expected normality and 8 (23,5%) presented alterations, revealing a risk of falling. Conclusion: The performance of hearing screening and balance showed changes in patients after TBI, emphasizing the importance of these assessments in the context of the therapeutic planning of these patients.
Objective: Perform hearing screening in adult patients after Traumatic Brain Injury. Method: This is a cross-sectional observational study that was accompished at the Neurotrauma/Neurosurgery at Hospital São Paulo and the UNIFESP Speech Therapy Department, after being approved by the institucional ethics committee. The individuals selected were aged 18 to 60 years with a history of head trauma of any degree for more than 06 months. Pacients underwent: meatoscopy, a clinical history questionnaire to obtain specific information on the past history of the current disease. Durin the collection of clinical history, the patient was asked to assign two marks from 0 to 10 with the aid of a visual analog scale, the first reffering to the pre-injury auditory aspects and the second to the post-traumatic brain injury. Then, hearing screening was performed at frequencies of 1kHz, 2kHz and 4kHz with audiometer and earphones in a quiet room and for balance assessment purposes, the Romberg Classic and Sensitizes and Time Up and Go (TUG) tests were performed. Results: We obtained that of the total sample (34), 35,3% failed to the right ear and 38,2% failed to the left ear. There was a difference between the pre and the post trauma sore, with the avarage of the pre-trauma score being 9 and the post-trauma score of 7. For the balance results, in the Classic Romberg test we had 1 (2,9%) positive with deviation for right and 1 (2,9%) positive with deviation to the left. In the sensitized test, 2 (5,9%) positive with right deviation, 3 (8,8%) positive with left deviation, 3 (8,8%) positive with foward deviation and 1 (2,9%) positive with backward deviation. In the TUG, 24 (70,6%), presented results within the expected normality and 8 (23,5%) presented alterations, revealing a risk of falling. Conclusion: The performance of hearing screening and balance showed changes in patients after TBI, emphasizing the importance of these assessments in the context of the therapeutic planning of these patients.
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Citação
PACE, Maria Clara Martins. Triagem auditiva e avaliação do equilíbrio em adultos com histórico de traumatismo cranioencefálico. São Paulo, 2021. 52 p. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Fonoaudiologia) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2021.