Efeitos do concentrado de suco de uva em parâmetros reprodutivos de ratos expostos ao cloreto de cádmio
Data
2012-02-13
Autores
Pires, Vanessa Cardoso 
Orientadores
Aguiar, Odair
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Objetivos: Analisar os efeitos do concentrado de suco de uva (composto G8000®
, que
contém 4,5% de polifenóis), em duas dosagens e em dois períodos de tratamento, em
parâmetros reprodutivos de ratos expostos ao cloreto de cádmio. Métodos: Foram
utilizados 108 ratos Wistar machos, adultos, distribuídos em seis grupos experimentais:
cloreto de cádmio; cádmio e suco de uva 1,18 g/kg/dia (primeira dosagem); cádmio e
suco de uva 2,36 g/kg/dia (segunda dosagem); suco de uva 1,18 g/kg/dia; suco de uva
2,36 g/kg/dia e controle (sem tratamento). A administração do cloreto de cádmio (1,2
mg/kg) ocorreu uma única vez, via injeção intraperitoneal, e do concentrado de suco de
uva diariamente por gavagem por 7 ou 56 dias. Os parâmetros analisados foram os
seguintes: ganho de massa corporal, peso dos órgãos reprodutivos e glândulas
acessórias, produção espermática diária, morfologia espermática, marcadores
antioxidantes testiculares e características histológicas e histopatológicas testiculares.
Resultados: O grupo cádmio após 7 dias apresentou redução na produção diária de
espermatozoides (p=0,001), no peso relativo epididimal (p=0,013) e nos níveis séricos de
testosterona (p=0,001), enquanto os grupos tratados com o concentrado apresentaram
produção diária de espermatozoides superiores a esse grupo (p=0,007 para as duas
comparações). Foram observadas alterações histopatológicas e morfométricas em todos
os grupos expostos ao metal, não havendo influência do concentrado de suco de uva
nesses parâmetros. Não houve alteração nos marcadores antioxidantes avaliados em
nenhum dos grupos experimentais nesse período. Após 56 dias, o grupo cádmio
apresentou redução do índice gonadossomático (p=0,001), peso relativo do epidídimo
(p=0,001), vesícula seminal (p=0,002) e próstata ventral (p=0,008), na produção diária
de espermatozoides (p=0,001) e porcentagem de espermatozoides normais (p=0,001),
assim como aumento da atividade enzimática da superóxido dismutase (p=0,001) e
redução nos níveis de glutationa (p=0,004). O grupo exposto ao cádmio que recebeu a
segunda concentração do produto apresentou valores superiores no índice
gonadossomático (p=0,003), níveis séricos de testosterona (p=0,002), peso relativo do
epidídimo (p=0,013) e próstata ventral (p=0,052) e na porcentagem de espermatozoides
normais (p=0,001), além redução na atividade da superoxido dismutase (p=0,001) e
aumento nos níveis de glutationa (p=0,03) em relação ao grupo apenas exposto. A
primeira dosagem do concentrado demonstrou-se inócua à maioria dos parâmetros
avaliados nesse período, exceto na análise histopatológica, onde houve diferença
significativa desse grupo em relação ao grupo apenas exposto ao cádmio (p=0,002). O
consumo do concentrado de suco de uva não desencadeou alterações significativas nos
parâmetros reprodutivos e nos marcadores antioxidantes em nenhum dos períodos de
tratamento. Conclusões: O concentrado de suco de uva foi capaz de proteger a função
reprodutiva de ratos expostos ao cloreto de cádmio, apresentando padrão de atuação
semelhante nas duas dosagens, em ensaio agudo, e dose-dependente no ensaio
crônico.
Purpose: The aim of this work was to analyze the effects of grape juice concentrate (G8000® , with 4,5% of polyphenols), in two dosages and in two periods of treatment, on reproductive parameters of cadmium-exposed male rats. Methods: We used 108 adults Wistar, separated into six experimental groups: cadmium chloride; cadmium and grape juice 1,18 g/kg/day (first dosage); cadmium and grape juice (second dosage); grape juice 1,118 g/kg/day (first dosage); grape juice 2,36 g/kg/day (second dosage) and control (without treatment). The administration of cadmium chloride (1,2 mg/kg), in a single dose, was done via intraperitoneal injection, and the grape juice concentrate was given daily by oral gavage during 7 or 56 days. The following parameters were assessed: body weight gain; reproductive organ weights; daily sperm production; sperm morphology; testicular antioxidants markers and histological and histopathological parameters. Results: Cadmium chloride group after 7 days showed decreased values to daily sperm production (p=0,001), epididymal relative weight (p=0,013) and serum testosterone levels (p=0,001), while groups which received the concentrate showed an improved daily sperm production (p=0,007 for two comparisons). Histopathological and morphometrical changes in all groups exposed to cadmium were observed, and any influence of the grape juice concentrate consumption on such parameters was seen. Changes on the testicular antioxidant markers were not observed in this time. After 56 days, cadmium chloride group showed decreased values to gonadosomatic index (p=0,001), relative weight of epididymis (p=0,001), seminal vesicle (p=0,002) and ventral prostate (p=0,008), daily sperm production (p=0,001) and percentage of normal sperm (p=0,001). Also, an increased enzymatic activity of superoxido dismutase (p=0,001) and decrease of glutathione levels (p=0,004) were found. The second dosage of grape juice concentrate in the exposed group improved the gonadossomatic index (p=0,003), serum levels of testosterone (p=0,002), relative weight of epididymis (p=0,013) and ventral prostate (p=0,052), and percentage of normal sperm (p=0,001). In addition, this group showed decrease of enzymatic activity of superoxido dismutase (p=0,001) and increased glutathione levels (p=0,03). The first dosage of the concentrate was innocuous to most of the evaluated parameters after this period, except to the histopathological analysis, that presented difference between this group and the cadmium chloride group (p=0,002). The consumption of the grape juice concentrate, by the non-exposed animals, did not lead to significant changes on reproductive parameters and antioxidant markers in any period of treatment. Conclusions: It was demonstrated that the pattern of the grape juice concentrate action was similar in both dosages, in the short-time assay, and different in the chronic assay. So, it was evident that the grape juice concentrate acted as a protector of reproductive function in rats exposed to cadmium chloride.
Purpose: The aim of this work was to analyze the effects of grape juice concentrate (G8000® , with 4,5% of polyphenols), in two dosages and in two periods of treatment, on reproductive parameters of cadmium-exposed male rats. Methods: We used 108 adults Wistar, separated into six experimental groups: cadmium chloride; cadmium and grape juice 1,18 g/kg/day (first dosage); cadmium and grape juice (second dosage); grape juice 1,118 g/kg/day (first dosage); grape juice 2,36 g/kg/day (second dosage) and control (without treatment). The administration of cadmium chloride (1,2 mg/kg), in a single dose, was done via intraperitoneal injection, and the grape juice concentrate was given daily by oral gavage during 7 or 56 days. The following parameters were assessed: body weight gain; reproductive organ weights; daily sperm production; sperm morphology; testicular antioxidants markers and histological and histopathological parameters. Results: Cadmium chloride group after 7 days showed decreased values to daily sperm production (p=0,001), epididymal relative weight (p=0,013) and serum testosterone levels (p=0,001), while groups which received the concentrate showed an improved daily sperm production (p=0,007 for two comparisons). Histopathological and morphometrical changes in all groups exposed to cadmium were observed, and any influence of the grape juice concentrate consumption on such parameters was seen. Changes on the testicular antioxidant markers were not observed in this time. After 56 days, cadmium chloride group showed decreased values to gonadosomatic index (p=0,001), relative weight of epididymis (p=0,001), seminal vesicle (p=0,002) and ventral prostate (p=0,008), daily sperm production (p=0,001) and percentage of normal sperm (p=0,001). Also, an increased enzymatic activity of superoxido dismutase (p=0,001) and decrease of glutathione levels (p=0,004) were found. The second dosage of grape juice concentrate in the exposed group improved the gonadossomatic index (p=0,003), serum levels of testosterone (p=0,002), relative weight of epididymis (p=0,013) and ventral prostate (p=0,052), and percentage of normal sperm (p=0,001). In addition, this group showed decrease of enzymatic activity of superoxido dismutase (p=0,001) and increased glutathione levels (p=0,03). The first dosage of the concentrate was innocuous to most of the evaluated parameters after this period, except to the histopathological analysis, that presented difference between this group and the cadmium chloride group (p=0,002). The consumption of the grape juice concentrate, by the non-exposed animals, did not lead to significant changes on reproductive parameters and antioxidant markers in any period of treatment. Conclusions: It was demonstrated that the pattern of the grape juice concentrate action was similar in both dosages, in the short-time assay, and different in the chronic assay. So, it was evident that the grape juice concentrate acted as a protector of reproductive function in rats exposed to cadmium chloride.
Descrição
Citação
PIRES, Vanessa Cardoso. Efeitos do concentrado de suco de uva em parâmetros reprodutivos de ratos expostos ao cloreto de cádmio. 2012. 93f. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2012.