A utilização do brincar como recurso terapêutico nas ações e práticas dos terapeutas ocupacionais da Baixada Santista
Data
2011-02-09
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O brincar é compreendido sob a lente de diversas disciplinas e visto como um
conceito difícil de definir. Ao entrarmos no mundo infantil, o brincar é apresentado
como um espaço no qual a espontaneidade e experiências singulares da criança
acontecem, o que é essencial para o seu desenvolvimento. É por meio do brincar
que a criança adquire conhecimentos, utiliza sua criatividade, expõe seus
sentimentos, interage com o mundo a sua volta e nele se desenvolve. Diversas
pesquisas vêm sendo desenvolvidas na área de Terapia Ocupacional, nas quais o
brincar é utilizado como objeto de estudo, contudo, ainda é visto que no Brasil,
pouco se sabe sobre a utilização do brincar e sobre quais são as abordagens mais
comuns na prática dos profissionais, não havendo uma sistematização sobre como
os terapeutas ocupacionais utilizam o brincar com a população infantil. Nessa
perspectiva, o presente estudo, teve como objetivo identificar e caracterizar as ações
e a realidade das práticas desenvolvidas pelos terapeutas ocupacionais que atuam
na região metropolitana da Baixada Santista, quanto à utilização do brincar como
recurso terapêutico. Para tanto, optou-se pela utilização de um questionário
estruturado, permitindo o alcance de um número maior de participantes na pesquisa,
abrangendo uma ampla área geográfica. O instrumento foi previamente testado junto
a uma amostra de profissionais que não fazem parte dos resultados. O questionário
é composto por 7 itens de identificação geral e 20 questões focalizando a forma de
inserção do terapeuta ocupacional que atua na área da infância, a atuação em
equipe e a utilização do brincar em sua prática profissional. Duas estratégias foram
utilizadas para a coleta de dados: contato com os profissionais feito pessoalmente
pelos pesquisadores ou contato com os profissionais via correio eletrônico. Há
estimativa de que atuam cerca de 100 terapeutas ocupacionais na região. No
presente estudo, 64 questionários foram respondidos, sendo que destes, 36
representavam profissionais que atuavam utilizando o brincar na área da infância.
Estes profissionais utilizam como referencial teórico principalmente a Terapia de
Integração Sensorial e o Método Neuroevolutivo Bobath. Na visão dos participantes,
a utilização do brincar como recurso terapêutico tem como objetivo trabalhar as
dificuldades, limitações e potencialidades das crianças atendidas. Além disso, os
profissionais caracterizam a utilização do brincar em sua prática profissional como
um recurso facilitador do processo terapêutico ocupacional, utilizando-o durante
todos os momentos do atendimento. Para os profissionais, os pais têm livre acesso
na sala de terapia, e são orientados quanto à importância do brincar para seus filhos
e ajudados a interagir com a criança por meio da brincadeira. Na concepção dos
participantes, o brincar é visto principalmente como um recurso terapêutico utilizado
para a promoção do desenvolvimento infantil, sendo dada pouca ênfase na sua
utilização por si só, como um dos principais objetivos da clínica em Terapia
Ocupacional. Com isso, este estudo visou contribuir na caracterização e
sistematização quanto à utilização do brincar na prática dos terapeutas
ocupacionais, e pode indicar a necessidade de realização de novas pesquisas nessa
área, visando uma atenção ampliada e integral à população infantil.
The play is understood through the lens of various disciplines and seen as a difficult concept to define. As we enter on children’s world, the play is presented as a space in which the spontaneity of the child and unique experiences happen, which is essential for its development. It’s through play that children acquire knowledge, use their creativity, exposes his feelings, interacts with the world around them and it develops. Several researches have been developed in the area of Occupational Therapy, in which the play is used as an object of study, however, is still seen in Brazil, little is known about the use of play and what approaches are most common in professional practice, without a systematic about how occupational therapists use play with the child population. From this perspective, this study aimed to identify and characterize the actions and the reality of practice developed by occupational therapists who work in the metropolitan area of Santos, on the use of play as a therapeutic resource. To this end, we opted to use a structured questionnaire, allowing the achievement of a greater number of participants in the survey, covering a wide geographic area. The instrument was previously tested with a sample of professionals who are not part of the results. The questionnaire consists of 7 items of general identification and 20 questions focusing on how to insert the occupational therapist who works in the area of childhood, working in teams and using the play in their professional practice. Two strategies were used to collect data: see the professionals in person by contact with researchers or professionals via email. There’s estimate that serve about 100 occupational therapists in the region. In this study, 64 questionnaires were completed, and 36 of these represented professionals working in the area using the play on childhood. These professionals use mainly the Sensory Integration Therapy and Neuroevolutive Bobath Method as a theoretical reference. On participants view, use the play as a therapeutic approach is to work the problems, limitations and potential of children treated. In addition, professionals characterize the use of play in their professional practice as a resource for facilitators the occupational therapy, using it during all time of treatment. For professionals, parents have free access into the therapy room, and are counseled about the importance of play for their children and helped to interact with the child through play. In participants conception, the play is seen primarily as a therapeutic tool used to promote child development, with little emphasis on his own use as a main objective of Occupational Therapy clinic. With that, this study aimed to contribute to the characterization and systematization regarding the use of play in the practice of occupational therapists, and may indicate the need to conduct further research in this area to an expanded and comprehensive attention to the child population
The play is understood through the lens of various disciplines and seen as a difficult concept to define. As we enter on children’s world, the play is presented as a space in which the spontaneity of the child and unique experiences happen, which is essential for its development. It’s through play that children acquire knowledge, use their creativity, exposes his feelings, interacts with the world around them and it develops. Several researches have been developed in the area of Occupational Therapy, in which the play is used as an object of study, however, is still seen in Brazil, little is known about the use of play and what approaches are most common in professional practice, without a systematic about how occupational therapists use play with the child population. From this perspective, this study aimed to identify and characterize the actions and the reality of practice developed by occupational therapists who work in the metropolitan area of Santos, on the use of play as a therapeutic resource. To this end, we opted to use a structured questionnaire, allowing the achievement of a greater number of participants in the survey, covering a wide geographic area. The instrument was previously tested with a sample of professionals who are not part of the results. The questionnaire consists of 7 items of general identification and 20 questions focusing on how to insert the occupational therapist who works in the area of childhood, working in teams and using the play in their professional practice. Two strategies were used to collect data: see the professionals in person by contact with researchers or professionals via email. There’s estimate that serve about 100 occupational therapists in the region. In this study, 64 questionnaires were completed, and 36 of these represented professionals working in the area using the play on childhood. These professionals use mainly the Sensory Integration Therapy and Neuroevolutive Bobath Method as a theoretical reference. On participants view, use the play as a therapeutic approach is to work the problems, limitations and potential of children treated. In addition, professionals characterize the use of play in their professional practice as a resource for facilitators the occupational therapy, using it during all time of treatment. For professionals, parents have free access into the therapy room, and are counseled about the importance of play for their children and helped to interact with the child through play. In participants conception, the play is seen primarily as a therapeutic tool used to promote child development, with little emphasis on his own use as a main objective of Occupational Therapy clinic. With that, this study aimed to contribute to the characterization and systematization regarding the use of play in the practice of occupational therapists, and may indicate the need to conduct further research in this area to an expanded and comprehensive attention to the child population
Descrição
Citação
PONTES, Fernando Vicente de. A utilização do brincar como recurso terapêutico nas ações e práticas dos terapeutas ocupacionais da Baixada Santista. 2011. 89 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Terapia Ocupacional) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2011.