Fatores motivacionais e de bem-estar associados à prática de exercício físico em idosos hipertensos
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Data
2014-12-10
Autores
Nakabayashi, Alex Kenzo [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Gomes, Ricardo José [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação
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Diversos estudos apontam o exercício físico como uma boa estratégia não medicamentosa no controle da pressão arterial em idosos hipertensos. A HPE é um dos principais benefícios, podendo perdurar por cerca de 24h. Os diferentes tipos de exercícios geram diferentes sensações quanto à motivação e bem estar do praticante. Deste modo, os profissionais de Educação Física devem ficar atentos a esses fatores, sendo relevante investigar essas mudanças para que não haja uma perda na adesão dos participantes, favorecendo a continuidade do tratamento e/ou prevenção de diversas doenças crônicas. Sendo assim, o objetivo geral do estudo foi analisar a motivação, bem estar psicológico e HPE de idosos hipertensos após a realização de diferentes protocolos de exercício físico agudo, tais como, resistido, aeróbio e concorrente. Participaram do estudo 6 idosos hipertensos. Os resultados obtidos a partir do questionário EMT foram que a motivação extrínseca não apresentou dados expressivos, ao contrario da motivação intrínseca, que obteve escores positivos nos fatores psicossociais e de saúde e qualidade de vida. O questionário SEES, não apresentou diferenças significativas para o bem estar positivo. No Distresse Psicológico, o protocolo Resistido apresentou um valor significativamente maior no momento basal em comparação aos outros protocolos (p<0,003), possuindo uma redução do mesmo, tanto “imediatamente após” (p<0,005) quanto “30 minutos após exercício” (p<0,001). Em relação à Fadiga, não houve diferenças significativas entre protocolos. Quanto as variáveis da PA, a PAS, demonstrou um aumento significativo “imediatamente após” em relação aos valores “basal” (p<0,033) e aos valores obtidos no tempo “30 minutos após exercício” (p<0,024), independente do protocolo. Para a variável PAD, houve um aumento significativo tanto “imediatamente após” (p<0,009) como “30 minutos após exercício” (p<0,019) em relação aos valores basais, independente do protocolo. Nos valores da PAM houve um aumento significativo tanto “imediatamente após” (p<0,009) como “30 minutos após exercício” (p<0,044) em comparação aos valores basais, independente do protocolo. Deste modo, conclui-se que todos os protocolos mantiveram os níveis positivos para o bem estar nos diferentes tempos, sendo capazes de diminuir os valores de distress psicológico quando aumentado no tempo basal, favorecendo a relação entre bem estar e motivação intrínseca. No que diz respeito às variáveis da pressão arterial, não houve diferença significativas para a PAS, PAD e PAM entre os protocolos. Além disso, não houve HPE até o momento 30 minutos após exercício.
Several studies suggest physical exercise as a good non-drug strategy in controlling blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients. The HPE is a major benefit and may last for about 24 hours. The different types of exercise produce different sensations on practitioner’s motivation and well-being. Thus, the physical education professionals should be alert to these factors being relevant to investigate these changes. So there is no loss in participant’s adhesion, promoting continuity of treatment and / or prevention of several chronic diseases. The overall objective of the study was to analyze the motivation and psychological well-being of elderly hypertensive HPE after conducting different protocols of acute exercise, such as resistance, aerobic, and concorrent. Six elderly hypertensive participanted in the study. The results from the EMT questionnaire showed no significant data on extrinsic motivation, unlike the intrinsic motivation that got positive scores on psychosocial factors and health and quality of life. The SEES questionnaire showed no significant differences to the positive well being. Psychological distress in the resistance protocol showed a significantly higher value at baseline compared to other protocols (p <0.003), having a reduction, either "immediately" (p <0.005) and "30 minutes of exercise" (p <0.001). Regarding fatigue, there were no significant differences between protocols. Variable as BP, SBP showed a significant increase "immediately after" in relation to "baseline" values (p <0.033) and the values obtained in time "30 minutes after exercise" (p <0.024), independent of the protocol . For DBP variable, there was a significant increase in both "immediately after" (p <0.009) and "30 minutes of exercise" (p <0.019) compared to baseline, independent of protocol. Values of MAP there was a significant increase in both "immediately after" (p <0.009) and "30 minutes of exercise" (p <0.044) compared to baseline, independent of protocol. Thus, it is concluded that all protocols remained positive levels for well-being in different times and were able to lower values when psychological distress increased at baseline. This change favor the relationship between intrinsic motivation and wellbeing. With regard to the variables of blood pressure, there was no significant difference for SBP, DBP, and MAP between protocols. Furthermore, there were no HPE in 30 minutes after exercise
Several studies suggest physical exercise as a good non-drug strategy in controlling blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients. The HPE is a major benefit and may last for about 24 hours. The different types of exercise produce different sensations on practitioner’s motivation and well-being. Thus, the physical education professionals should be alert to these factors being relevant to investigate these changes. So there is no loss in participant’s adhesion, promoting continuity of treatment and / or prevention of several chronic diseases. The overall objective of the study was to analyze the motivation and psychological well-being of elderly hypertensive HPE after conducting different protocols of acute exercise, such as resistance, aerobic, and concorrent. Six elderly hypertensive participanted in the study. The results from the EMT questionnaire showed no significant data on extrinsic motivation, unlike the intrinsic motivation that got positive scores on psychosocial factors and health and quality of life. The SEES questionnaire showed no significant differences to the positive well being. Psychological distress in the resistance protocol showed a significantly higher value at baseline compared to other protocols (p <0.003), having a reduction, either "immediately" (p <0.005) and "30 minutes of exercise" (p <0.001). Regarding fatigue, there were no significant differences between protocols. Variable as BP, SBP showed a significant increase "immediately after" in relation to "baseline" values (p <0.033) and the values obtained in time "30 minutes after exercise" (p <0.024), independent of the protocol . For DBP variable, there was a significant increase in both "immediately after" (p <0.009) and "30 minutes of exercise" (p <0.019) compared to baseline, independent of protocol. Values of MAP there was a significant increase in both "immediately after" (p <0.009) and "30 minutes of exercise" (p <0.044) compared to baseline, independent of protocol. Thus, it is concluded that all protocols remained positive levels for well-being in different times and were able to lower values when psychological distress increased at baseline. This change favor the relationship between intrinsic motivation and wellbeing. With regard to the variables of blood pressure, there was no significant difference for SBP, DBP, and MAP between protocols. Furthermore, there were no HPE in 30 minutes after exercise
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Citação
NAKABAYASHI, Alex Kenzo. Fatores motivacionais e de bem-estar associados à prática de exercício físico em idosos hipertensos. 2014. 42 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Educação Física) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2014.