Influência do sexo e modalidade esportiva no equilíbrio do ombro de atletas arremessadores
Arquivos
Data
2017-07-31
Autores
Vargas, Valentine Zimermann 
Orientadores
Papa, Marilia Andrade
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Objetivos: Comparar o desempenho e as relações de equilíbrio muscular, convencional e funcional além da simetria, entre atletas de ambos os sexos e diferentes modalidades esportivas, com predominância de gestos realizados acima da cabeça, a fim de identificar possíveis particularidades determinadas pelas modalidades e pelo sexo. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal, onde foram avaliados 237 atletas (109 mulheres e 128 homens), de ambos os sexos, das seguintes modalidades: voleibol, handebol, natação, judô, beisebol (homens), softbol (mulheres), crossfit, tênis e futebol (controle). Foi realizada avaliação muscular isocinética em ação concêntrica e excêntrica, nas velocidades angulares de 60°/s e 240°/s, dos músculos rotadores mediais e laterais dos ombros, no dinamômetro isocinético Biodex System 4 (Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Shirley, NY, USA). As variáveis analisadas foram: pico de torque normalizada pelo peso corporal dos músculos rotadores laterais e mediais (60 e 240º/seg); relação de equilíbrio muscular convencional a 60º/seg; relação de equilíbrio muscular funcional a 240º/seg. Resultados: Os atletas do grupo masculino não apresentaram diferença entre as modalidades quanto à relação de equilíbrio muscular convencional do membro dominante (p<0,05). Porém, no membro não dominante os judocas mostraram uma relação convencional mais baixa (58,8%±6,2) do que o grupo controle (78,4%±21,4). As mulheres jogadoras de softbol apresentaram a relação convencional mais alta (90,4%±13,6) do que as judocas (67,3%±6,9) do lado dominante, e mais alta do que todas as outras modalidades do lado não dominante (p<0.05). Os judocas homens apresentaram relação funcional menor do que o grupo controle tanto do lado dominante quanto do lado não dominante (p<0,05). As mulheres judocas (0,76±0,19/0,78±0,21) e as jogadoras de handebol (0,99±0,25/0,94±0,25) apresentaram relações funcionais mais baixas do que as mulheres do grupo controle (1,31±0,35/1,38±0,28) nos membros dominantes e não dominantes (p<0,05). Os músculos rotadores laterais não apresentam assimetria de força em nenhuma modalidade, porém os rotadores mediais dos tenistas são mais fortes do lado dominante das mulheres (22,6%±11,3) e dos homens (20,1%±10,9). Conclusão: O sexo (apenas basebol e softbol) e a modalidade esportiva praticada influenciam a relação de equilíbrio muscular convencional e funcional do ombro de atletas que praticam atividades com gestos relacionados à modalidade realizados acima da cabeça.
Objectives: To compare the performance, conventional and functional balance ratio and contralateral symmetry, between athletes from different overhead modalities in order to identify the possible particularities determined by the modalities and the sex. Methods: It was an observational transversal study. It was evaluated 237 (109 women e 128 men), from these modalities: volleyball. handball, swimming, judo, baseball (men), softball (women), crossfit, tennis and soccer (control group). A concentric and eccentric isokinetic test was done, using 60°/s and 240°/s angular velocities, from internal and external shoulder rotators, in the isokinetic dynamometer Biodex System 4 (Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Shirley, NY, USA). The analyzed variables were: external and internal shoulder rotators peak torque in 60 and 240º/sec; conventional balance ratio in 60º/sec; functional balance ratio in 240º/sec. Results: The masculine athletes did not present difference in conventional ratio in the dominant side (p<0.05). In the non-dominant limb the judo (58.8%±6.2) athletes presented a lower conventional ratio than control group (78.4%±21.4). The softball players presented a higher conventional ratio (90.4%±13.6) than women judo athletes (67.3%±6,9) in the dominant side, and higher than all other groups in the non-dominant side (p<0.05). The men judo athletes showed a functional ratio lower than control group in the dominant and non-dominant limbs (p<0.05). The women from judo (0.76±0.19/0.78±0.21) and handball (0.99±0.25/0.94±0.25) presented lower functional ratio than control group (1.31±0.35/1.38±0.28) in the dominant and non-dominant limbs (p<0.05). The external rotator muscles do not present strength asymmetry between limbs, but the internal rotator muscles from tennis players is the highest in women (22.6%±11.3) and men (20.1%±10.9). Conclusion: Sex (baseball and softball only) and sports practiced influence the conventional and functional muscle balance of the shoulder of athletes who practice activities with gestures related to the modality performed above the head.
Objectives: To compare the performance, conventional and functional balance ratio and contralateral symmetry, between athletes from different overhead modalities in order to identify the possible particularities determined by the modalities and the sex. Methods: It was an observational transversal study. It was evaluated 237 (109 women e 128 men), from these modalities: volleyball. handball, swimming, judo, baseball (men), softball (women), crossfit, tennis and soccer (control group). A concentric and eccentric isokinetic test was done, using 60°/s and 240°/s angular velocities, from internal and external shoulder rotators, in the isokinetic dynamometer Biodex System 4 (Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Shirley, NY, USA). The analyzed variables were: external and internal shoulder rotators peak torque in 60 and 240º/sec; conventional balance ratio in 60º/sec; functional balance ratio in 240º/sec. Results: The masculine athletes did not present difference in conventional ratio in the dominant side (p<0.05). In the non-dominant limb the judo (58.8%±6.2) athletes presented a lower conventional ratio than control group (78.4%±21.4). The softball players presented a higher conventional ratio (90.4%±13.6) than women judo athletes (67.3%±6,9) in the dominant side, and higher than all other groups in the non-dominant side (p<0.05). The men judo athletes showed a functional ratio lower than control group in the dominant and non-dominant limbs (p<0.05). The women from judo (0.76±0.19/0.78±0.21) and handball (0.99±0.25/0.94±0.25) presented lower functional ratio than control group (1.31±0.35/1.38±0.28) in the dominant and non-dominant limbs (p<0.05). The external rotator muscles do not present strength asymmetry between limbs, but the internal rotator muscles from tennis players is the highest in women (22.6%±11.3) and men (20.1%±10.9). Conclusion: Sex (baseball and softball only) and sports practiced influence the conventional and functional muscle balance of the shoulder of athletes who practice activities with gestures related to the modality performed above the head.
Descrição
Citação
VARGAS, Valentine Zimermann. Influência do sexo e modalidade esportiva no equilíbrio do ombro de atletas arremessadores. São Paulo, 2017. [69] p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Medicina translacional) - Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2017.