A leitura no encontro: a dinâmica do Laboratório de Humanidades (LabHum) como meio de intervenção em um grupo psicoterapêutico
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Data
2018-11-28
Autores
Logatti, Maria Silvia Motta [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Gallian, Dante Marcello Claramonte [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Tese de doutorado
Título da Revista
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Resumo
A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar se a leitura e a discussão de
clássicos da literatura mundial, com um grupo psicoterapêutico de pacientes
psiquiátricos (Grupo Vida), pode ser uma forma de facilitar a abordagem e a
compreensão da vivência de cada um e, consequentemente, possíveis usos
terapêuticos deste dispositivo. O estudo foi feito a partir da aplicação da metodologia
do Laboratório de Humanidades (LabHum) do Centro de História e Filosofia das
Ciências da Saúde (CeHFi) da Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM) da Universidade
Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Foram realizadas duas experiências: 1) “O
Alienista”, de Machado de Assis, 12 encontros e 21 participantes 2) “Sonho do
Homem Ridículo”, de Fiódor Dostoiévski, oito encontros e 19 participantes. No total,
sete participantes concederam entrevistas segundo a metodologia da História Oral
de Vida. Os resultados foram analisados pela Imersão/Cristalização, técnica
inspirada pela Fenomenologia Hermenêutica. Na primeira obra, os principais temas
que emergiram foram: loucura, estigma, formas de tratamento, ciência e poder. Na
segunda: sentir-se ridículo, suicídio, ciência, literatura, esperança, transformação,
morte, amor, beleza, sofrimento, paraíso, inferno, compaixão, sonhos e conteúdos
místicos. A partir de uma aproximação com a teoria do Donald Winnicott, foi possível
reunir três aspectos considerados terapêuticos e que o LabHum foi um facilitador.
Primeiro, a dinâmica pode ser considerada como um lugar terapêutico por contar
com três qualidades essenciais (estabilidade, continuidade e afeto) de um espaço
curativo (placement). Segundo, o LabHum funcionaria como um espaço de
apresentação de um mundo exterior que levaria o participante a revisitar sua história
com um novo olhar. E por fim possibilitaria uma forma de comunicação intermediária
que permitiria trabalhar os conteúdos sem que o participante entrasse em um estado
defensivo. A conclusão da tese é que o Laboratório de Humanidade pode ser uma
ferramenta terapêutica, que facilita a auto compreensão, e contribui para o viver
criativo e saudável dos participantes.
The research´s goal was to investigate if the reading and the discussion of world literature classics with a psychotherapeutic group that works with psychiatric patients, could be a way to make easier the approach and understanding of each one´s ways of living of; and possible therapeutic uses of it. The research was made by using Humanities Laboratory´s methodology (LabHum) of the Center for History and Philosophy of Health Sciences (CeHFi) from Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). Two experiments were carried out: 1) “The Alienist”, by Machado de Assis, 12 meetings and 21 participants, 2) “The Dream of a Ridiculous Man”, by Fiódor Dostoiévski, eight meetings and 19 participants. In total, seven participants gave interviews according to the Oral Life History Narrative´s methodology. The results were analyzed by Immersion/Crystallization, a technique inspired by the Hermeneutic Phenomenology. In the first novel, the main themes that emerged were: madness, stigma, forms of treatment, science, and power. In the second: feeling ridiculous, suicide, science, literature, hope, transformation, death, love, beauty, suffering, paradise, hell, compassion, mystical dreams, and contents. From Donald Winnicott´s theory approach, it was possible to find out three therapeutic´s point that LabHum was favorable. First, the dynamics can be considered as a therapeutic place because it has three essential qualities (stability, continuity, and affection) of the placement (curative space). Second, the LabHum would function as a space for presenting an outside world that would lead the participant to revisit his story with a new look. Finally, it would provide an intermediate communication´s form that would allow the contents to be worked without the participant entering a defensive state. The thesis´ conclusion is that the Humanities Laboratory can be a therapeutic tool, which facilitates self-understanding, and contributes to the creative and healthy living of the participants.
The research´s goal was to investigate if the reading and the discussion of world literature classics with a psychotherapeutic group that works with psychiatric patients, could be a way to make easier the approach and understanding of each one´s ways of living of; and possible therapeutic uses of it. The research was made by using Humanities Laboratory´s methodology (LabHum) of the Center for History and Philosophy of Health Sciences (CeHFi) from Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). Two experiments were carried out: 1) “The Alienist”, by Machado de Assis, 12 meetings and 21 participants, 2) “The Dream of a Ridiculous Man”, by Fiódor Dostoiévski, eight meetings and 19 participants. In total, seven participants gave interviews according to the Oral Life History Narrative´s methodology. The results were analyzed by Immersion/Crystallization, a technique inspired by the Hermeneutic Phenomenology. In the first novel, the main themes that emerged were: madness, stigma, forms of treatment, science, and power. In the second: feeling ridiculous, suicide, science, literature, hope, transformation, death, love, beauty, suffering, paradise, hell, compassion, mystical dreams, and contents. From Donald Winnicott´s theory approach, it was possible to find out three therapeutic´s point that LabHum was favorable. First, the dynamics can be considered as a therapeutic place because it has three essential qualities (stability, continuity, and affection) of the placement (curative space). Second, the LabHum would function as a space for presenting an outside world that would lead the participant to revisit his story with a new look. Finally, it would provide an intermediate communication´s form that would allow the contents to be worked without the participant entering a defensive state. The thesis´ conclusion is that the Humanities Laboratory can be a therapeutic tool, which facilitates self-understanding, and contributes to the creative and healthy living of the participants.