Treinamento resistido impede a elevação da pressão arterial e aumenta a força muscular em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos-SHR
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Data
2015-11-30
Autores
Neves, Rodrigo Vanerson Passos [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Franco, Maria Do Carmo Pinho [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
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Atualmente o treinamento resistido (TR) é recomendado como medida não farmacológica para a prevenção e tratamento da hipertensão arterial (HA), entretanto, os efeitos do TR na HA severa é desconhecido. Desse modo, o presente estudo avaliou os efeitos do TR (escalada na escada vertical) nas respostas cardiovasculares e musculares em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR) com HA severa. Foram selecionados 15 ratos SHR e cinco ratos Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) todos com 17 semanas de idade. Os animais foram randomizados e separados em quatro grupos, com cinco ratos em cada: sedentário WKY (SED-WKY); sedentário SHR (SED-SHR); treinamento resistido baseado no peso corporal (PC) (TR1-SHR) e treinamento resistido baseado na máxima carga carregada (MCC) (TR2-SHR). Inicialmente, os animais foram familiarizados no aparato (escada) de TR para ratos por duas semanas. O TR consistiu em três sessões semanais em dias não consecutivos durante 12 semanas. O protocolo de TR para o grupo TR1 foi prescrito a intensidades submáximas do PC (30-70%) ou 20-46% da MCC, já o TR para o grupo TR2 foi prescrito relativo à MCC (30-70%) ou 51-118% do PC. Ambos os grupos TR1 e TR2 ao final do treinamento diminuíram a pressão arterial (PA) em torno de 31 mmHg e 26 mmHg, respectivamente, comparados ao grupo SED-SHR (P < 0,05). Os grupos TR1 e TR2 apresentaram redução no final do treinamento na frequência cardíaca (FC) e duplo produto (DP), quando comparado ao grupo SED-SHR (P < 0,05), embora somente o grupo TR1 obteve queda significativa da FC e DP no pós-treinamento em relação ao seu valor basal (P < 0,05). O grupo TR2 apresentou um maior ganho na força muscular (140%) em comparação ao grupo TR1 (11%) (P < 0,05). Independente do TR prescrito, ambos os protocolos foram eficazes na atenuação da elevação crônica da PA pelo processo de envelhecimento, além de diminuir a FC e o DP quando comparados aos ratos SHR sedentários. O protocolo prescrito para o grupo TR2 foi mais eficiente em aumentar a força muscular.
Currently resistance training (RT) is recommended as non-pharmacological measures for the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension (AH), however, the effects of RT in severe hypertension is unknown. Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of RT (climbing vertical ladder) in cardiovascular and muscular responses of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with severe AH. Fifteen SHR and five Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats with 17 weeks of old were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, 5 animals in each: sedentary WKY (WKY-SED); sedentary SHR (SHR-SED); resistance training based on body weight (BW) (RT1-SHR) and resistance training relative to maximal weight carried (MWC) (RT2-SHR). Initially, the animals were familiarized in the apparatus of RT (ladder) to rats for two weeks. RT consisted of 3 weekly sessions on non-consecutive days during 12-weeks. The RT protocol for RT1 group was prescribed the sub maximal intensities to the BW (30-70%) or 20-46% of the MWC, as the RT to RT2 group was prescribed on the MWC (30-70%) or 51-118% to the BW. Both RT1 and RT2 groups at the end of training decreased the blood pressure (BP) in approximately 31 mmHg and 26 mmHg, respectively, compared to the SED-SHR group (P <0.05). The RT1 and RT2 groups decreased at the end of training on heart rate (HR) and rate pressure-product (RPP), when compared to the SED-SHR group (P <0.05), although only the RT1 group had a significant decrease in a HR and RPP and post-training, compared to baseline (P <0.05). The RT2 group showed greater gain in a muscle strength (140%) compared to RT1 group (11%) (P <0.05). Regardless of the prescribed RT, both protocols were effective in attenuating increase chronic of BP by the aging process, and reduce the HR and RPP compared to sedentary SHR, and the prescribed protocol for RT2 group was more efficient in increasing the strength muscle.
Currently resistance training (RT) is recommended as non-pharmacological measures for the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension (AH), however, the effects of RT in severe hypertension is unknown. Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of RT (climbing vertical ladder) in cardiovascular and muscular responses of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with severe AH. Fifteen SHR and five Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats with 17 weeks of old were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups, 5 animals in each: sedentary WKY (WKY-SED); sedentary SHR (SHR-SED); resistance training based on body weight (BW) (RT1-SHR) and resistance training relative to maximal weight carried (MWC) (RT2-SHR). Initially, the animals were familiarized in the apparatus of RT (ladder) to rats for two weeks. RT consisted of 3 weekly sessions on non-consecutive days during 12-weeks. The RT protocol for RT1 group was prescribed the sub maximal intensities to the BW (30-70%) or 20-46% of the MWC, as the RT to RT2 group was prescribed on the MWC (30-70%) or 51-118% to the BW. Both RT1 and RT2 groups at the end of training decreased the blood pressure (BP) in approximately 31 mmHg and 26 mmHg, respectively, compared to the SED-SHR group (P <0.05). The RT1 and RT2 groups decreased at the end of training on heart rate (HR) and rate pressure-product (RPP), when compared to the SED-SHR group (P <0.05), although only the RT1 group had a significant decrease in a HR and RPP and post-training, compared to baseline (P <0.05). The RT2 group showed greater gain in a muscle strength (140%) compared to RT1 group (11%) (P <0.05). Regardless of the prescribed RT, both protocols were effective in attenuating increase chronic of BP by the aging process, and reduce the HR and RPP compared to sedentary SHR, and the prescribed protocol for RT2 group was more efficient in increasing the strength muscle.
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Citação
NEVES, Rodrigo Vanerson Passos. Treinamento resistido impede a elevação da pressão arterial e aumenta a força muscular em ratos espontaneamente hipertensos-SHR. 2015. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2015.