Ação do concentrado de suco de uva e de suco de maçã em múltiplos órgãos de ratos expostos ao cloreto de cádmio
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Data
2015-12-08
Autores
Moura, Carolina Foot Gomes de [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Ribeiro, Daniel Araki [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Tese de doutorado
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Resumo
O cádmio é um importante poluente industrial e ambiental devido à sua alta toxicidade. Este metal é pobremente excretado acumulando-se em vários órgãos, sendo responsável pelo desenvolvimento de inúmeras doenças. A prevenção a partir da dieta surgiu como uma nova alternativa para o tratamento dessas doenças; e diversos agentes nutracêuticos têm sido explorados na terapia contra os efeitos tóxicos de metais pesados. Neste estudo, avaliou-se o potencial efeito protetor dos concentrados de suco de uva G8000® e do suco de maçã contra a toxicidade induzida pelo cádmio em múltiplos órgãos de ratos. MATERIAL E Métodos: ratos machos Wistar foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em quatro grupos, com cinco animais cada, conforme descrito a seguir: Grupo Controle (controle negativo - injeção intraperitoneal (ip) de água e, após 15 dias, administração de 1 mL de água por 15 dias, via gavage); Grupo cádmio (injeção ip de 1,2 mg/kg de cloreto de cádmio e, após 15 dias, administração de 1 mL de água por 15 dias, via gavage); Grupo cádmio + Suco de Uva (injeção ip de 1,2 mg/kg de cloreto de cádmio e, após 15 dias, administração de 0,8 mL de de concentrado de suco uva G8000® durante 15 dias, via gavage); Grupo cádmio + Suco de Maçã (injeção ip de 1,2 mg/kg de cloreto de cádmio e, após 15 dias, administração de 1 mL de concentrado de suco de maçã durante 15 dias, via gavage). Resultados: Os animais expostos ao cádmio e tratados com o concentrado de suco de uva G8000® ou com suco de maçã apresentaram significativa diminuição no número de micronúcleos, menor quebra de fita de DNA (teste do cometa) e redução do estresse oxidativo (teste do desafio e imunoexpressão de 8-OHdG), quando comparados aos animais expostos somente ao cádmio. A análise de expressão gênica apontou que o concentrado de suco de uva G8000® elevou a expressão de SOD-CuZn e o suco de maçã foi capaz de alterar a expressão das enzimas SOD-CuZn, SOD-Mn e catalase. Conclusão: Em suma, nossos resultados revelam um elevado potencial hepatoprotetor, antigenotóxico, antimutagênico e antioxidante do concentrado de suco de uva G8000® e de suco de maçã, provavelmente devido à presença de seus compostos polifenólicos.
Cadmium is one of the most important toxic environmental and industrial pollutants due to its high toxicity. This metal is poorly excreted accumulating in various organs being responsible for developing numerous diseases. Prevention from the diet has emerged as a new alternative for treating diseases; and several nutraceuticals agents have been used against toxic effects induced by heavy metals. In this study, we evaluated the potential protective effect of grape juice concentrate G8000™ and apple juice against toxicity induced by cadmium in multiple organs of rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: male Wistar rats were ramdonly distributed into four groups, with five animals each, as follows: Control group (negative control - intraperitoneal (ip) water injection and, after 15 days, it was given 1 mL of water for another 15 days, via gavage); Cadmium group (single ip injection of cadmium chloride (1.2 mg/kg body weight), and after 15 days, it was given 1 mL of water for 15 days, via gavage); Grape Juice + cadmium group (single ip injection of cadmium chloride (1.2 mg/kg body weight), and after 15 days, it was given 0.8 mL of grape juice concentrate G8000? for 15 days, via gavage) and Apple Juice + cadmium group (single ip injection of cadmium chloride (1.2 mg/kg body weight), and after 15 days, it was given 1 mL of apple juice for 15 days, via gavage). RESULTS: The groups exposed to cadmium and treated with grape juice concentrate G8000™ or apple juice had a significant decrease in the frequency micronucleated cells and DNA strand breaks (comet assay) as well as reduction in oxidative stress (challenge assay and 8-OHdG expression) when compared to animals exposed to cadmium only. Grape juice concentrate G8000™ increased CuZn-SOD expression and apple juice was able to modulate CuZn-SOD, Mn-SOD and catalase expression of this enzyme. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results show a hepatoprotective, antigenotoxic, antimutagenic and antioxidant of grape juice concentrate G8000™ and apple juice, probably due to their polyphenolic compounds.
Cadmium is one of the most important toxic environmental and industrial pollutants due to its high toxicity. This metal is poorly excreted accumulating in various organs being responsible for developing numerous diseases. Prevention from the diet has emerged as a new alternative for treating diseases; and several nutraceuticals agents have been used against toxic effects induced by heavy metals. In this study, we evaluated the potential protective effect of grape juice concentrate G8000™ and apple juice against toxicity induced by cadmium in multiple organs of rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: male Wistar rats were ramdonly distributed into four groups, with five animals each, as follows: Control group (negative control - intraperitoneal (ip) water injection and, after 15 days, it was given 1 mL of water for another 15 days, via gavage); Cadmium group (single ip injection of cadmium chloride (1.2 mg/kg body weight), and after 15 days, it was given 1 mL of water for 15 days, via gavage); Grape Juice + cadmium group (single ip injection of cadmium chloride (1.2 mg/kg body weight), and after 15 days, it was given 0.8 mL of grape juice concentrate G8000? for 15 days, via gavage) and Apple Juice + cadmium group (single ip injection of cadmium chloride (1.2 mg/kg body weight), and after 15 days, it was given 1 mL of apple juice for 15 days, via gavage). RESULTS: The groups exposed to cadmium and treated with grape juice concentrate G8000™ or apple juice had a significant decrease in the frequency micronucleated cells and DNA strand breaks (comet assay) as well as reduction in oxidative stress (challenge assay and 8-OHdG expression) when compared to animals exposed to cadmium only. Grape juice concentrate G8000™ increased CuZn-SOD expression and apple juice was able to modulate CuZn-SOD, Mn-SOD and catalase expression of this enzyme. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results show a hepatoprotective, antigenotoxic, antimutagenic and antioxidant of grape juice concentrate G8000™ and apple juice, probably due to their polyphenolic compounds.
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Citação
MOURA, Carolina Foot Gomes de. Ação do concentrado de suco de uva e de suco de maçã em múltiplos órgãos de ratos expostos ao cloreto de cádmio. 2015. 117 f. Tese (Doutorado em Patologia) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2015.