Alergia, asma e "ômicas": oportunidades com impacto imediato
Arquivos
Data
2024-07-24
Autores
Cruz, Renata Harumi 
Tipo
Tese de doutorado
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Introdução: A presença de doenças alérgicas no período da infância e da adolescência é considerada comum. Entretanto, o seu tratamento gera altos custos para sistema de saúde público além de ter impactos profundos na rotina das crianças e dos pais, gerando faltas escolares e faltas no trabalho. Segundo dados da Associação Brasileira de Alergia e Imunologia (ASBAI), aproximadamente 30% da população brasileira têm algum tipo de alergia e desse percentual 20% são crianças. Atualmente, os tratamentos utilizados para as alergias, são: farmacológicos (corticoides), imunoterápicos, tratamento com imunobiológicos (anticorpos monoclonais). Estes contribuem de certa forma para uma melhora dos sintomas, entretanto, ainda não são suficientes para a melhora significativa que direcione para uma melhor qualidade de vidas dos pacientes. Objetivo: investigar proteínas-alvos (possíveis biomarcadores) a nível proteômico relacionados à alergia e doenças atópicas por meio de análise de banco de dados públicos. Metodologia: a metodologia utilizada nesta pesquisa foi a busca de dados robustos em artigos publicados e avaliados por pares, seguida da utilização do STRING, disponível online, em que revela as interações entre proteína-proteína conhecidas e previstas. As interações incluem associações diretas (físicas) e indiretas (funcionais); seus dados derivam da previsão computacional, da transferência de conhecimento entre organismos e de interações agregadas de outros bancos de dados (primários). Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram que a proteína identificada, a S100A8, esteve presente no grupo plasma e célula humana, em que ambos compartilham a mesma proteína entre si dentro do contexto da imunidade inata, entretanto no grupo camundongo não foi identificado. Pode-se observar também a porcentagem de participação das proteínas pelo Gene Ontology, demonstrando sua participação na resposta do sistema imune inato. Conclusão: Neste estudo propomos trazer um olhar especial para as ciências ‘ômicas’ no intuito de descobrir, identificar, proteínas-alvos, ou possíveis biomarcadores que auxiliem um melhor entendimento dos mecanismos que levam à inflamação e, aos danos dos órgãos e consequentemente, uma baixa qualidade de vida ou até mesmo à morte. A identificação da possível proteína biomarcadora pode, potencialmente, por exemplo, auxiliar no prognóstico de reincidência da doença, bem como a forma de tratamentos personalizados no futuro próximo. Para este passo acreditamos que é importante também ressaltar a importância do estudo in silico.
Introduction: The presence of allergic diseases in childhood and adolescence is considered common. However, its treatment generates high costs for the public health system, in addition to having profound impacts on the routine of children and parents, causing absences from school and work. According to data from the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology (ASBAI), approximately 30% of the Brazilian population has some type of allergy and of this percentage, 20% are children. Currently, the treatments used for allergies are pharmacological (corticoids), immunotherapeutic, treatment with immunobiological (monoclonal antibodies). These are, in a way, for an improvement in symptoms, however, they are still not enough for a significant improvement that leads to a better quality of life for patients. Objective: to investigate target proteins (possible biomarkers) at the proteomic level related to allergies and atopic diseases through analysis of public databases. Methodology: the methodology used in this research was the search for robust data in a published and peer-reviewed article, followed using STRING, available online, which reveals how comfortable between known and programmed protein-protein. Positive ones include direct (physical) and indirect (functional) associations; their data derive from computational prediction, knowledge transfer between organisms, and socially aggregated from other (primary) databases. Results: The pathogenic results that the identified protein, S100A8, was present in the plasma and human cell group, in which both heard the same protein among themselves within the context of innate immunity, however in the mouse group it was not identified. One can also observe the certification of protein participation by Gene Ontology, demonstrating its participation in the innate immune system response. Conclusion: In this study, we propose to bring a special look to the 'omics' sciences in the intuitive sense of discovering, identifying target proteins, or possible biomarkers that help a better understanding of the switches that lead to inflammation and, to organ damage and, consequently, a poor quality of life or even death. The identification of the possible biomarker protein can potentially, for example, help in the prognosis of disease recurrence, as well as the form of personalized treatments soon. For this step, we believe it is also important to emphasize the importance of the in silico study.
Introduction: The presence of allergic diseases in childhood and adolescence is considered common. However, its treatment generates high costs for the public health system, in addition to having profound impacts on the routine of children and parents, causing absences from school and work. According to data from the Brazilian Association of Allergy and Immunology (ASBAI), approximately 30% of the Brazilian population has some type of allergy and of this percentage, 20% are children. Currently, the treatments used for allergies are pharmacological (corticoids), immunotherapeutic, treatment with immunobiological (monoclonal antibodies). These are, in a way, for an improvement in symptoms, however, they are still not enough for a significant improvement that leads to a better quality of life for patients. Objective: to investigate target proteins (possible biomarkers) at the proteomic level related to allergies and atopic diseases through analysis of public databases. Methodology: the methodology used in this research was the search for robust data in a published and peer-reviewed article, followed using STRING, available online, which reveals how comfortable between known and programmed protein-protein. Positive ones include direct (physical) and indirect (functional) associations; their data derive from computational prediction, knowledge transfer between organisms, and socially aggregated from other (primary) databases. Results: The pathogenic results that the identified protein, S100A8, was present in the plasma and human cell group, in which both heard the same protein among themselves within the context of innate immunity, however in the mouse group it was not identified. One can also observe the certification of protein participation by Gene Ontology, demonstrating its participation in the innate immune system response. Conclusion: In this study, we propose to bring a special look to the 'omics' sciences in the intuitive sense of discovering, identifying target proteins, or possible biomarkers that help a better understanding of the switches that lead to inflammation and, to organ damage and, consequently, a poor quality of life or even death. The identification of the possible biomarker protein can potentially, for example, help in the prognosis of disease recurrence, as well as the form of personalized treatments soon. For this step, we believe it is also important to emphasize the importance of the in silico study.
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Citação
CRUZ, Renata Harumi. Alergia, asma e "ômicas": oportunidades com impacto imediato. 2024. 152 f. Tese (Doutorado em Pediatria e Ciências Aplicadas à Pediatria) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). São Paulo, 2024.