Efeitos de diferentes intensidades de exercício físico agudo na via da quinurenina, BDNF, nos estados de humor e no afeto de indivíduos com transtorno depressivo
Data
2024-11-27
Autores
Borges, Cyro Gaspari 
Orientadores
Antunes, Hanna Karen Moreira
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
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ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi identificar as respostas de humor e alterações nas concentrações de serotonina, BDNF e metabólitos da via da quinurenina, relacionadas com diferentes intensidades de exercício físico agudo em indivíduos saudáveis e com transtorno depressivo. Métodos: Foram realizados dois experimentos. A amostra do Experimento 1 foi composta por 24 voluntários, homens, com idade entre 20 e 40 anos, hígidos e fisicamente ativos, que foram submetidos a um teste de cargas progressivas para determinação da Velocidade Pico (Vpico) e decorridos 7 dias realizaram testes em duas intensidades: moderada (60% da Vpico) e vigorosa (85% da Vpico). Responderam a questionários para avaliação do humor e fizeram coletas de sangue em três momentos: pré-exercício, imediatamente após e 30 minutos após o fim do exercício. Os instrumentos foram o Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE), Escala de Humor de Brunel (BRUMS) e Escala Visual Analógica de Humor (VAMS) e o sangue utilizado para avaliar mudanças nas concentrações de serotonina. No Experimento 2 participaram 44 indivíduos fisicamente ativos, 27 no grupo controle (CG) e 17 no grupo depressão (DG), que foram submetidos a um teste de cargas progressivas para determinar a Vpico e as intensidades de interesse: a) Moderado (MOD): 30 minutos a 55-60% da Vpico e b) Vigoroso (VIG) 85% da Vpico até a exaustão. Na linha de base (T1), imediatamente após o exercício (T2) e após um período de recuperação de 30 minutos (T3), os indivíduos responderam a uma avaliação de humor composta pelos instrumentos BRUMS, IDATE, VAMS e tiveram amostras de sangue coletadas para medir as concentrações de metabólitos da via da quinurenina de BDNF. Para comparar os dados ao longo do tempo foram utilizados testes de General Linear Models (GLM) no experimento 1 e General Estimating Equations (GEE) no experiento 2 e a significância adotada de p<0,05. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da UNIFESP (#0407/2020). Resultados: O Experimento 1 indicou redução da ansiedade e melhora dos estados de humor nas duas intensidades de exercício, bem como aumento nas concentrações de serotonina imediatamente após o exercício. Os resultados do Experimento 2 indicam que as duas intensidades reduziram a depressão, tensão, a fadiga e a confusão mental no DG em T2 e T3 e aumentaram os escores de vigor na BRUMS. Reduziram a ansiedade em ambos os grupos em T3. As concentrações séricas de quinurenina (KYN) aumentaram nos dois grupos e intensidades em T2 e retornaram aos níveis basais em T3. O exercício vigoroso aumentou o BDNF em T2 no DG e em T3 no CG. O ácido quinolínico (QA) diminuiu em T2 apenas no DG nas duas intensidades. Conclusões: O exercício melhorou aspectos do humor e da ansiedade em indivíduos saudáveis e com depressão, modulou positivamente os metabólitos da via da quinurenina, a serotonina e o BDNF.
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify mood responses and changes in serotonin, BDNF and kynurenine pathway metabolite concentrations related to different intensities of acute physical exercise in healthy individuals and individuals with depressive disorder. Methods: Two experiments were conducted. The sample of Experiment 1 consisted of 24 healthy and physically active male volunteers, aged between 20 and 40 years, who underwent a progressive load test to determine Peak Velocity (Vpeak) and, after 7 days, performed tests at two intensities: moderate (60% of Vpeak) and vigorous (85% of Vpeak). They answered questionnaires to assess mood and had blood samples collected at three time points: pre-exercise, immediately after exercise and 30 minutes after the end of exercise. The instruments used were the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) and Visual Analog Mood Scale (VAMS), and blood samples were used to assess changes in serotonin concentrations. In Experiment 2, 44 physically active individuals participated, 27 in the control group (CG) and 17 in the depression group (DG), who underwent a progressive load test to determine Vpeak and the intensities of interest: a) Moderate (MOD): 30 minutes at 55-60% of Vpeak and b) Vigorous (VIG) 85% of Vpeak until exhaustion. At baseline (T1), immediately after exercise (T2) and after a 30-minute recovery period (T3), individuals responded to a mood assessment consisting of the BRUMS, STAI, VAMS instruments and had blood samples collected to measure the concentrations of metabolites of the BDNF kynurenine pathway. To compare data over time, General Linear Models (GLM) tests were used in experiment 1 and General Estimating Equations (GEE) in experiment 2, and the significance adopted was p < 0.05. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of UNIFESP (# 0407/2020). Results: Experiment 1 indicated a reduction in anxiety and improvement in mood states at both exercise intensities, as well as an increase in serotonin concentrations immediately after exercise. The results of Experiment 2 indicate that both intensities reduced depression, tension, fatigue, and mental confusion in the DG at T2 and T3 and increased vigor scores on the BRUMS. They reduced anxiety in both groups at T3. Serum kynurenine (KYN) concentrations increased in both groups and intensities at T2 and returned to baseline levels at T3. Vigorous exercise increased BDNF at T2 in the DG and at T3 in the CG. Quinolinic acid (QA) decreased at T2 only in the DG at both intensities. Conclusions: Exercise improved aspects of mood and anxiety in healthy and depressed individuals, positively modulating the metabolites of the kynurenine pathway, serotonin and BDNF.
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify mood responses and changes in serotonin, BDNF and kynurenine pathway metabolite concentrations related to different intensities of acute physical exercise in healthy individuals and individuals with depressive disorder. Methods: Two experiments were conducted. The sample of Experiment 1 consisted of 24 healthy and physically active male volunteers, aged between 20 and 40 years, who underwent a progressive load test to determine Peak Velocity (Vpeak) and, after 7 days, performed tests at two intensities: moderate (60% of Vpeak) and vigorous (85% of Vpeak). They answered questionnaires to assess mood and had blood samples collected at three time points: pre-exercise, immediately after exercise and 30 minutes after the end of exercise. The instruments used were the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) and Visual Analog Mood Scale (VAMS), and blood samples were used to assess changes in serotonin concentrations. In Experiment 2, 44 physically active individuals participated, 27 in the control group (CG) and 17 in the depression group (DG), who underwent a progressive load test to determine Vpeak and the intensities of interest: a) Moderate (MOD): 30 minutes at 55-60% of Vpeak and b) Vigorous (VIG) 85% of Vpeak until exhaustion. At baseline (T1), immediately after exercise (T2) and after a 30-minute recovery period (T3), individuals responded to a mood assessment consisting of the BRUMS, STAI, VAMS instruments and had blood samples collected to measure the concentrations of metabolites of the BDNF kynurenine pathway. To compare data over time, General Linear Models (GLM) tests were used in experiment 1 and General Estimating Equations (GEE) in experiment 2, and the significance adopted was p < 0.05. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of UNIFESP (# 0407/2020). Results: Experiment 1 indicated a reduction in anxiety and improvement in mood states at both exercise intensities, as well as an increase in serotonin concentrations immediately after exercise. The results of Experiment 2 indicate that both intensities reduced depression, tension, fatigue, and mental confusion in the DG at T2 and T3 and increased vigor scores on the BRUMS. They reduced anxiety in both groups at T3. Serum kynurenine (KYN) concentrations increased in both groups and intensities at T2 and returned to baseline levels at T3. Vigorous exercise increased BDNF at T2 in the DG and at T3 in the CG. Quinolinic acid (QA) decreased at T2 only in the DG at both intensities. Conclusions: Exercise improved aspects of mood and anxiety in healthy and depressed individuals, positively modulating the metabolites of the kynurenine pathway, serotonin and BDNF.
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Citação
BORGES, Cyro Gaspari. Efeitos de diferentes intensidades de exercício físico agudo na via da quinurenina, BDNF, nos estados de humor e no afeto de indivíduos com transtorno depressivo. 2024. 159 f. Tese (Doutorado em Psicobiologia) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2024.
ODS
3. Saúde e bem-estar