Efeitos do treinamento físico com o Método Pilates na pressão arterial, seus possíveis mecanismos reguladores e aspectos psicobiológicos em mulheres hipertensas medicadas
Data
2024-11-18
Autores
Ruider, Daniele Tavares 
Orientadores
Medeiros, Alessandra
Tipo
Tese de doutorado
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ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: Um dos tratamentos não farmacológicos prescrito para prevenção, controle e tratamento da hipertensão é o exercício físico. Entretanto, ainda são escassos estudos que investigam o efeito do exercício físico sobre a pressão arterial (PA) e os mecanismos responsáveis pelo seu controle utilizando modalidades de exercício como o Método Pilates (MP). Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos do treinamento com o MP clássico na PA de mulheres hipertensas medicadas e os possíveis mecanismos autonômicos, endoteliais e psicobiológicos. Métodos: Foram avaliadas 28 mulheres hipertensas, medicadas, não praticantes de exercício físico e com idade entre 39 e 59 anos. As voluntárias foram distribuídas em dois grupos: Grupo Pilates (GP=14) e Grupo Controle (GC=14). O GP realizou o treinamento com o MP 50 min por dia, duas vezes por semana, durante 13 semanas e o GC não realizou exercícios nesse período. Antes e após o período de intervenção foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), diastólica (PAD) e média (PAM) de repouso e ambulatorial, frequência cardíaca (FC), duplo produto (DP), variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC), integridade simpatovagal, liberação fluxo mediada da artéria braquial, análise dos níveis de óxido nítrico (NO), óxido nítrico sintase endotelial (eNOS), óxido nítrico sintase (NOS), humor, estresse, ansiedade, depressão, atenção, qualidade do sono, qualidade de vida, força, flexibilidade, estatura, massa corporal, índice de massa corpórea (IMC), circunferência de quadril e cintura. Resultados: Foram observadas melhoras estatisticamente significantes (p<0,05) no GP quando comparado os momentos pré e pós período de intervenção, assim como quando comparado os dois grupos no momento pós, para as seguintes variáveis: estatura; circunferência de cintura; força da mão direita e esquerda; PAS, PAD, PAM de repouso e sono, PAS, PAD, PAM e DP de 24hs e de vigília; integridade simpatovagal, ansiedade, estresse, depressão, atenção, qualidade do sono e qualidade de vida e manutenção significativa dos níveis de NO. Não houve alterações significativas da FC, variáveis da VFC, variáveis endoteliais, NO, NOS e eNOS, tanto quando comparado os momentos pré e pós quando os dois grupos. Conclusão: Conclui-se de acordo com os resultados obtidos neste estudo que o treinamento com MP Clássico promoveu nas mulheres adultas hipertensas medicadas, redução na PAS, PAD e PAM no período de: repouso, 24 horas, vigília e sono, do DP no período de 24h e vigília e melhora dos aspectos pscicobiológicos. Essa melhora da PA e DP pode ter ocorrido devido a melhora da integridade simpatovagal e das variáveis psicobiológicas, além disso, o MP contribuiu de forma preventiva na manutenção dos níveis de NO, na redução na circunferência de cintura e quadril, e aumento na força.
Introduction: One of the non-pharmacological treatments prescribed for the prevention, control and treatment of hypertension is physical exercise. However, there are still few studies investigating the effect of physical exercise on blood pressure (BP) and the mechanisms responsible for its control using exercise modalities such as the Pilates Method (PM). Objective: To analyze the effects of training with classic MP on the BP of medicated hypertensive women and the possible autonomic, endothelial and psychobiological mechanisms.. Methods: Twenty-eight hypertensive women, medicated, non-exercise practitioners and aged between 39 and 59 years were evaluated. The volunteers were divided into two groups: Pilates Group (PG=14) and Control Group (CG=14). The PG trained with the MP for 50 min per day, twice a week, for 13 weeks and the CG did not exercise during this period. Before and after the intervention period, the following variables were analyzed: resting and ambulatory systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean (MAP) blood pressure, heart rate (HR), double product (DP), heart rate variability (HRV), sympathovagal integrity, brachial artery flow-mediated release, analysis of nitric oxide (NO) levels, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), mood, stress, anxiety, depression, attention, sleep quality, quality of life, strength, flexibility, height, body mass, body mass index (BMI), hip and waist circumference.. Results: Statistically significant improvements (p<0.05) were observed in the PG when comparing the pre- and post-intervention moments, as well as when comparing the two groups in the post-intervention moment, for the following variables: height; waist circumference; right and left hand strength; SBP, DBP, MAP at rest and sleep, SBP, DBP, MAP and DP of 24 hours and wakefulness; sympathovagal integrity, anxiety, stress, depression, attention, sleep quality and quality of life and significant maintenance of NO levels. There were no significant changes in HR, HRV variables, endothelial variables, NO, NOS and eNOS, either when comparing the pre- and post-intervention moments of the two groups.. Conclusion: It is concluded, according to the results obtained in this study, that training with Classic MP promoted in medicated hypertensive adult women, a reduction in SBP, DBP and MBP during the periods of rest, 24 hours, wakefulness and sleep, of DP during the period of 24 hours and wakefulness and improvement of the psychobiological aspects. This improvement in BP and DP may have occurred due to the improvement of sympathovagal integrity and psychobiological variables. In addition, MP contributed preventively to the maintenance of NO levels, reduction in waist and hip circumference, and increase in strength.
Introduction: One of the non-pharmacological treatments prescribed for the prevention, control and treatment of hypertension is physical exercise. However, there are still few studies investigating the effect of physical exercise on blood pressure (BP) and the mechanisms responsible for its control using exercise modalities such as the Pilates Method (PM). Objective: To analyze the effects of training with classic MP on the BP of medicated hypertensive women and the possible autonomic, endothelial and psychobiological mechanisms.. Methods: Twenty-eight hypertensive women, medicated, non-exercise practitioners and aged between 39 and 59 years were evaluated. The volunteers were divided into two groups: Pilates Group (PG=14) and Control Group (CG=14). The PG trained with the MP for 50 min per day, twice a week, for 13 weeks and the CG did not exercise during this period. Before and after the intervention period, the following variables were analyzed: resting and ambulatory systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean (MAP) blood pressure, heart rate (HR), double product (DP), heart rate variability (HRV), sympathovagal integrity, brachial artery flow-mediated release, analysis of nitric oxide (NO) levels, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), mood, stress, anxiety, depression, attention, sleep quality, quality of life, strength, flexibility, height, body mass, body mass index (BMI), hip and waist circumference.. Results: Statistically significant improvements (p<0.05) were observed in the PG when comparing the pre- and post-intervention moments, as well as when comparing the two groups in the post-intervention moment, for the following variables: height; waist circumference; right and left hand strength; SBP, DBP, MAP at rest and sleep, SBP, DBP, MAP and DP of 24 hours and wakefulness; sympathovagal integrity, anxiety, stress, depression, attention, sleep quality and quality of life and significant maintenance of NO levels. There were no significant changes in HR, HRV variables, endothelial variables, NO, NOS and eNOS, either when comparing the pre- and post-intervention moments of the two groups.. Conclusion: It is concluded, according to the results obtained in this study, that training with Classic MP promoted in medicated hypertensive adult women, a reduction in SBP, DBP and MBP during the periods of rest, 24 hours, wakefulness and sleep, of DP during the period of 24 hours and wakefulness and improvement of the psychobiological aspects. This improvement in BP and DP may have occurred due to the improvement of sympathovagal integrity and psychobiological variables. In addition, MP contributed preventively to the maintenance of NO levels, reduction in waist and hip circumference, and increase in strength.
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Citação
RUIDER, Daniele Tavares. Efeitos do treinamento físico com o Método Pilates na pressão arterial, seus possíveis mecanismos reguladores e aspectos psicobiológicos em mulheres hipertensas medicadas. 2024. 140 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências do Movimento Humano e Reabilitação) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Santos, 2024.