Construindo Liberdade: A Repressão ao Trabalho Escravo entre os anos de 1995 a 2010
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Data
2023-09-29
Autores
Alves, Suzi Aparecida Pereira [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Welch, Clifford Andrew [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a atuação dos trabalhadores diante dos
instrumentos de fiscalização e controle do Estado, por meio de ações fiscalizatórias do
Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE) e do Ministério Público do Trabalho da 15ª região
(MPT-15), no combate ao trabalho escravo entre os anos de 1995 até 2010. Pretendeu-se
analisar qual o papel das fiscalizações no cumprimento das leis nas relações trabalhistas entre
o período de 1995 até 2010, assim como a atuação dos sindicatos, órgãos e instituições
defensoras dos Direitos Humanos e dos trabalhadores.
O ano de 1995 é o ano que marcou o início do Grupo Especial de Fiscalização Móvel
(GEFM) criado pelo Ministério do Trabalho, com o objetivo de se deslocar até os espaços a
serem fiscalizados com o intuito de resgatar trabalhadores submetidos a condições análogas à
de escravo. Este evento marcou o efetivo reconhecimento do Estado brasileiro de tais
práticas, assim como sua responsabilização na solução do problema.
O ano de encerramento deste recorte temporal é o ano de 2010, fim do segundo
mandato do governo de Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. A escolha por este recorte se deu por
verificarmos que no período de 2003 até 2010, as fiscalizações deram um importante salto
numérico, em relação ao período anterior, 1995 até 2022. Desta maneira, usando como fontes
documentais os dados do MTE, atrelados aos procedimentos processuais do MPT-15, em
cotejo com a legislação e fontes pertinentes à época, buscamos compreender o papel das
fiscalizações e a busca por liberdade e justiça construída e impetrada pelos trabalhadores por
meio das denúncias.
This research aims to analyze the performance of workers in the face of the instruments of inspection and control of the State, through inspection actions of the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MTE) and the Public Ministry of Labor of the 15th region (MPT-15), in the fight against slave labor between the years 1995 to 2010. It was intended to analyze the role of inspections in compliance with laws in labor relations between the period 1995 to 2010, as well as the performance of unions, bodies and institutions that defend Human Rights and workers. The year 1995 is the year that marked the beginning of the Special Group for Mobile Inspection (GEFM) created by the Ministry of Labor, with the objective of moving to the spaces to be inspected in order to rescue workers subjected to conditions similar to those of slave. This event marked the effective recognition of such practices by the Brazilian State, as well as its responsibility for solving the problem. The closing year of this time frame is 2010, the end of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's second term. This selection was chosen because we found that in the period from 2003 to 2010, inspections made an important numerical leap in relation to the previous period, 1995 to 2022. In this way, using MTE data as documentary sources, linked to procedures procedures of the MPT-15, in comparison with the legislation and relevant sources at the time, we seek to understand the role of inspections and the search for freedom and justice built and filed by workers through complaints.
This research aims to analyze the performance of workers in the face of the instruments of inspection and control of the State, through inspection actions of the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MTE) and the Public Ministry of Labor of the 15th region (MPT-15), in the fight against slave labor between the years 1995 to 2010. It was intended to analyze the role of inspections in compliance with laws in labor relations between the period 1995 to 2010, as well as the performance of unions, bodies and institutions that defend Human Rights and workers. The year 1995 is the year that marked the beginning of the Special Group for Mobile Inspection (GEFM) created by the Ministry of Labor, with the objective of moving to the spaces to be inspected in order to rescue workers subjected to conditions similar to those of slave. This event marked the effective recognition of such practices by the Brazilian State, as well as its responsibility for solving the problem. The closing year of this time frame is 2010, the end of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's second term. This selection was chosen because we found that in the period from 2003 to 2010, inspections made an important numerical leap in relation to the previous period, 1995 to 2022. In this way, using MTE data as documentary sources, linked to procedures procedures of the MPT-15, in comparison with the legislation and relevant sources at the time, we seek to understand the role of inspections and the search for freedom and justice built and filed by workers through complaints.