A ação da acupuntura sobre a síntese de melatonina em ratos
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2017-11-30
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Dissertação de mestrado
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Introdução: A melatonina é um hormônio sintetizado a partir do triptofano e secretado pela glândula pineal. Quando lançada no organismo, essa indolamina controla o ciclo circadiano e outras funções do organismo, desempenhando um papel importante na manutenção do organismo e no tratamento de diversas patologias. Alguns estudos demonstraram a ação da acupuntura na produção de melatonina endógena. Porém, estes estudos são escassos e há diversas lacunas a serem esclarecidas quanto às metodologias empregadas e escolha dos pontos acupunturais. Objetivos: Estudar os possíveis efeitos da acupuntura na glândula pineal e na produção de melatonina em ratos. Métodos: Rattus norvegicus albinus (n=30) foram divididos em três grupos: controle (n=10), sham (n=10) e acupuntura (n=10). Os animais do grupo acupuntura receberam a terapia (estimulação manual do ponto Baihui (VG20) em tonificação), por duas semanas, excetuando-se os finais de semana. Durante o mesmo período, os animais do grupo controle foram somente manipulados e os animais do grupo sham, receberam a terapia acupuntural do ponto selecionado com sham needles. Foi feita a quantificação das concentrações de melatonina no plasma sanguíneo, pelo método de ELISA e feita a avaliação das possíveis alterações morfológicas e histoquímicas nas células da glândula pineal, pelos métodos de Hematoxilina e Eosina (HE), Kitoh e Matsushita e Hematoxilina Fosfotúngstica (PTAH). Resultados: A análise histológica evidenciou com maior frequência, a presença de heterocromatina periférica nos pinealócitos do grupo acupuntura, os astrócitos desse grupo apresentam corpo celular aumentado e prolongamentos citoplasmáticos espessos e uma concentração expressivamente maior de micróglias, quando comparado aos grupos controle e sham. Não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos, na concentração plasmática de melatonina e no peso das glândulas pineais. Conclusão: O uso da acupuntura manual tonificante do ponto Baihui (VG20) ocasionou alterações na morfologia dos astrócitos e na concentração de micróglias da glândula pineal. Não houve alteração estatisticamente significante na concentração plasmática de melatonina no sangue circulante após a acupuntura. Palavras-chave: acupuntura (Baihui); glândula pineal; melatonina; Rattus norvegicus albinus.
Introduction: Melatonin is a hormone synthesized from tryptophan and secreted by the pineal gland. When released in the organism, this indolamine controls the circadian rhythm and other functions of the organism, playing an important role in the maintenance of the organism and in the treatment of pathologies. Some studies demonstrated the action of acupuncture on endogenous melatonin production. However, these studies are scarce and several shortcomings require to be addressed about the methodologies employed and the choice of acupuncture points. Objectives: Study the possible effects of acupuncture on the pineal gland and melatonin production in rats. Methods: Rattus norvegicus albinus (n=30) were divided in three groups: control (n=10), sham (n=10) and acupuncture (n=10). The animals in the acupuncture group received the acupuncture therapy (manual stimulation of Baihui point (VG20) in toning), for two weeks, except for the weekends. During the same period, animals in the control group were only manipulated and the animals in the sham group received sham acupuncture therapy of the selected point with sham needles. The quantification of melatonin concentrations in blood plasma was evaluated by the ELISA method and the evaluation of morphological and histochemical changes in the pineal gland cells was evaluated by Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Kitoh and Matsushita and Phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH) methods. Results: Histological analysis showed more frequently the presence of peripheral heterochromatin in the acupuncture pinealocytes of this group had increased cell body and thick cytoplasmic prolongations and a significantly higher concentration of microglia when compared to the control and sham groups. Alterations were not observed between groups, in plasma concentration of melatonin and in pineal glands weight. Conclusion: The use of manual toning acupuncture of the Baihui (GV20) point generated changes in the astrocyte morphology and in the concentration of microglia of the pineal gland. There was no statistically significant change in plasma concentration of melatonin in circulating blood after acupuncture. Keywords: acupuncture (Baihui); melatonin; pineal gland; Rattus norvegicus albinus.
Introduction: Melatonin is a hormone synthesized from tryptophan and secreted by the pineal gland. When released in the organism, this indolamine controls the circadian rhythm and other functions of the organism, playing an important role in the maintenance of the organism and in the treatment of pathologies. Some studies demonstrated the action of acupuncture on endogenous melatonin production. However, these studies are scarce and several shortcomings require to be addressed about the methodologies employed and the choice of acupuncture points. Objectives: Study the possible effects of acupuncture on the pineal gland and melatonin production in rats. Methods: Rattus norvegicus albinus (n=30) were divided in three groups: control (n=10), sham (n=10) and acupuncture (n=10). The animals in the acupuncture group received the acupuncture therapy (manual stimulation of Baihui point (VG20) in toning), for two weeks, except for the weekends. During the same period, animals in the control group were only manipulated and the animals in the sham group received sham acupuncture therapy of the selected point with sham needles. The quantification of melatonin concentrations in blood plasma was evaluated by the ELISA method and the evaluation of morphological and histochemical changes in the pineal gland cells was evaluated by Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE), Kitoh and Matsushita and Phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH) methods. Results: Histological analysis showed more frequently the presence of peripheral heterochromatin in the acupuncture pinealocytes of this group had increased cell body and thick cytoplasmic prolongations and a significantly higher concentration of microglia when compared to the control and sham groups. Alterations were not observed between groups, in plasma concentration of melatonin and in pineal glands weight. Conclusion: The use of manual toning acupuncture of the Baihui (GV20) point generated changes in the astrocyte morphology and in the concentration of microglia of the pineal gland. There was no statistically significant change in plasma concentration of melatonin in circulating blood after acupuncture. Keywords: acupuncture (Baihui); melatonin; pineal gland; Rattus norvegicus albinus.
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Citação
OLIVEIRA, Paulo Henrique Fernandes de. A ação da acupuntura sobre a síntese de melatonina em ratos. São Paulo, 2017. [57] p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Neurologia/Neurociências) - Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2017.