Teste Stroop Auditivo-Visual para avaliação de sujeitos com zumbido
Data
2024-08-28
Autores
Barros, Anna Carolina Marques Perrella de 
Orientadores
Branco-Barreiro, Fátima Cristina Alves
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver um teste baseado no paradigma Stroop, utilizando-se estímulos auditivos e visuais, para investigar aspectos atencionais e de controle cognitivo em sujeitos com zumbido. Além disso, buscou-se correlacionar o resultado do teste proposto com o teste Stroop convencional, avaliar o efeito do desempenho no teste de rastreio cognitivo no instrumento proposto, avaliar o desempenho de sujeitos com e sem zumbido ao teste proposto, e avaliar o efeito das características espectrais do estímulo, e do uso de estímulo compatível com a percepção do zumbido definido à acufenometria, no desempenho do teste proposto. Métodos: O teste foi desenvolvido com estímulos sonoros do tipo white noise (WN), tom puro (TP) e narrow band (NB) apresentados alternada e aleatoriamente às orelhas direita e esquerda, com apresentação do símbolo visual alvo para validação da resposta congruente ou incongruentemente ao lado de apresentação do estímulo sonoro. Na etapa de validação, comparamos o tempo de execução e o número de erros ao teste proposto com o teste Stroop convencional e verificamos a influência da pontuação do Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) no desempenho dos participantes (n=45). Posteriormente, o teste proposto foi aplicado em sujeitos com e sem zumbido (n=70), aplicando-se no grupo com zumbido uma faixa adicional, com estímulo de características espectrais semelhantes à percepção do zumbido. O tempo de execução e o número de erros ao teste Stroop Auditivo-Visual foram comparados entre os grupos, bem como o desempenho no grupo com zumbido ao teste com a faixa adicional. Resultados: Foram desenvolvidas 34 faixas de treino e de avaliação para o teste Stroop Auditivo-Visual, utilizando-se diferentes estímulos sonoros. Houve concordância do teste proposto com o teste Stroop convencional nas variáveis tempo total de execução e número de erros. O teste proposto não sofreu influência da pontuação do MOCA. Os participantes com zumbido demandaram maior tempo para o treino e para a execução do teste Stroop Auditivo-Visual e cometeram mais erros. Não houve diferença com relação ao tempo de execução ao teste com faixa adicional utilizando-se estímulo compatível ao pitch do zumbido, porém os participantes com zumbido cometeram mais erros nesta faixa do teste. Conclusão: O teste Stroop Auditivo-Visual se mostrou uma ferramenta acessível e de fácil aplicação para avaliação do controle atencional e do controle inibitório em sujeitos com zumbido. Houve concordância à comparação com o teste Stroop Convencional. A pontuação do teste de rastreio cognitivo não interferiu nos resultados do teste proposto. Os sujeitos com zumbido foram mais lentos e cometeram mais erros ao teste proposto. Foi possível verificar uma maior efetividade do estímulo com características espectrais semelhantes à percepção do zumbido para a avaliação do controle executivo top-down de sujeitos com o sintoma.
Objective: The present study aimed to develop a test based on the Stroop paradigm, using auditory and visual stimuli, to investigate attentional aspects and cognitive control in tinnitus subjects. Furthermore, we sought to correlate the result of the proposed test with the conventional Stroop test, evaluate the effect of performance in the cognitive screening test on the proposed instrument, evaluate the performance of subjects with and without tinnitus on the proposed test, and evaluate the effect of spectral characteristics of the stimulus, and the use of a stimulus compatible with the perception of tinnitus defined by pitch matching, in the performance of the proposed test. Methods: Test was developed with white noise (WN), pure tone (TP) and narrow band (NB) sound stimuli presented alternately and randomly to the right and left ears, with the target visual symbol presentation, to validate the response, congruent or incongruously to the side presentation of the sound stimulus. In the validation stage, we compared the execution time and the number of errors in the proposed test with the conventional Stroop test and verified the influence of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) score on the participants' performance (n=45). Subsequently, the proposed test was applied to subjects with and without tinnitus (n=70), applying an additional track to tinnitus group, in which stimuli had spectral characteristics similar to tinnitus’ perception. Execution time and number of errors in the Auditory-Visual Stroop test were compared between the groups, as well as tinnitus group’s performance in the additional track. Results: 34 training and evaluation tracks were developed for the Auditory-Visual Stroop test, using different sound stimuli. There was agreement between the proposed test and the conventional Stroop test in the variables total execution time and number of errors. The proposed test was not influenced by the MOCA score. Tinnitus participants required more time to train and perform the Auditory-Visual Stroop test and made more errors. There was no difference in terms of execution time for the test with the additional track using a stimulus compatible with the tinnitus pitch, but tinnitus participants made more errors in this test track. Conclusion: Auditory-Visual Stroop test proved to be an accessible and easy-to-apply tool for evaluating attentional control and inhibitory control in tinnitus subjects. There was agreement when compared with the Conventional Stroop test. The cognitive screening test score did not interfere with the results of the proposed test. Subjects with tinnitus were slower and made more errors in the proposed test. It was possible to verify greater effectiveness of the stimulus with spectral characteristics similar to tinnitus perception for the evaluation of top-down executive control in subjects with the symptom.
Objective: The present study aimed to develop a test based on the Stroop paradigm, using auditory and visual stimuli, to investigate attentional aspects and cognitive control in tinnitus subjects. Furthermore, we sought to correlate the result of the proposed test with the conventional Stroop test, evaluate the effect of performance in the cognitive screening test on the proposed instrument, evaluate the performance of subjects with and without tinnitus on the proposed test, and evaluate the effect of spectral characteristics of the stimulus, and the use of a stimulus compatible with the perception of tinnitus defined by pitch matching, in the performance of the proposed test. Methods: Test was developed with white noise (WN), pure tone (TP) and narrow band (NB) sound stimuli presented alternately and randomly to the right and left ears, with the target visual symbol presentation, to validate the response, congruent or incongruously to the side presentation of the sound stimulus. In the validation stage, we compared the execution time and the number of errors in the proposed test with the conventional Stroop test and verified the influence of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) score on the participants' performance (n=45). Subsequently, the proposed test was applied to subjects with and without tinnitus (n=70), applying an additional track to tinnitus group, in which stimuli had spectral characteristics similar to tinnitus’ perception. Execution time and number of errors in the Auditory-Visual Stroop test were compared between the groups, as well as tinnitus group’s performance in the additional track. Results: 34 training and evaluation tracks were developed for the Auditory-Visual Stroop test, using different sound stimuli. There was agreement between the proposed test and the conventional Stroop test in the variables total execution time and number of errors. The proposed test was not influenced by the MOCA score. Tinnitus participants required more time to train and perform the Auditory-Visual Stroop test and made more errors. There was no difference in terms of execution time for the test with the additional track using a stimulus compatible with the tinnitus pitch, but tinnitus participants made more errors in this test track. Conclusion: Auditory-Visual Stroop test proved to be an accessible and easy-to-apply tool for evaluating attentional control and inhibitory control in tinnitus subjects. There was agreement when compared with the Conventional Stroop test. The cognitive screening test score did not interfere with the results of the proposed test. Subjects with tinnitus were slower and made more errors in the proposed test. It was possible to verify greater effectiveness of the stimulus with spectral characteristics similar to tinnitus perception for the evaluation of top-down executive control in subjects with the symptom.
Descrição
Citação
BARROS, Anna Carolina Marques Perrella de. Teste Stroop Auditivo-Visual para avaliação de sujeitos com zumbido. 2024. 149 f. Tese (Doutorado em Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). São Paulo, 2024.