Os efeitos do laser terapêutico na regeneração nervosa após secção total do nervo ciático em ratos
Data
2010
Autores
Di Gangi, Giuliana Castro 
Orientadores
Renno, Ana Claudia Muniz
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Lesões de nervo periférico são freqüentemente encontradas na prática clínica da
fisioterapia. Traumas como esmagamento e secções totais são as causas mais comuns de lesões
nos nervos periféricos e, comumente, resultam incapacidades funcional, afetando atividades
ocupacionais e sociais do indivíduo. Dentro deste contexto, muitos recursos vêm sendo
pesquisados com o intuito de acelerar a regeneração nervosa, dentre estes se destaca a terapia
laser de baixa potência. Estudos anteriores demonstraram que o laser de baixa potência (LLLT)
promove diminuição do processo inflamatório e aumento da proliferação celular, resultando em
aceleração da regeneração nervosa pós-lesão. No entanto, apesar da série de evidências da
efetividade do LLLT no processo de regeneração do tecido nervoso, os mecanismos envolvidos
nestes eventos são amplamente desconhecidos, e ainda há uma contradição entre os diversos
parâmetros usados. Com isso, este projeto teve o objetivo de analisar os efeitos do LLLT na
regeneração do nervo ciático em ratos após lesão por secção total. Para isso, foram utilizados
ratos machos da raça Wistar, divididos nos seguintes grupos (n=10): grupo controle-lesão, grupo
lesão irradiado com laser 808nm, fluência de 50 J/cm2
e grupo lesão irradiado com laser 808nm,
fluência de 10 J/cm2
. O protocolo de tratamento foi iniciado 24 horas após a cirurgia e realizado
durante 15 dias. A cada 20 dias, os animais foram submetidos à avaliação do índice funcional do
ciático (SFI). Após 90 dias os animais sofreram eutanásia por overdose de anestésico e o nervo
ciático foi retirado para a realização de análises morfológica e morfométrica, nas quais foram
mensurados o número de fibras mielínicas e amielínicas, área da fibra e axônio e espessura da
bainha de mielina. O resultado do SFI não mostrou diferenças significativas entre os grupos
tratados com laser e o grupo controle durante as avaliações. Não houve diferenças
estatisticamente significantes entre espessura da bainha de mielina, área de fibras nervosas e
axônio e número de fibras mielínicas e amielínicas nos três grupos avaliados.
Peripheral nerve injuries are frequently founded in clinical practice of physiotherapy. Traumas such as crushing and sections totals are the most common causes of injury to peripheral nerves and usually result in functional disability, affecting social and occupational activities of the individual. Within this context, many resources are being done in order to accelerate nerve regeneration, among them stands out the low level laser therapy (LLLT), which promotes decrease inflammation and increase cell proliferation, resulting in acceleration of regeneration nerve after injury. However, despite the many evidences of the effectiveness of LLLT in the process of regeneration of nerve tissue, the mechanisms involved in these events are largely unknown, and there is a conflict between the various parameters used. Therefore, the aim of this project was analyze the effects of LLLT on the regeneration of sciatic nerve injury in rats after total section. For this, we used male Wistar rats divided into the following groups (n = 10) control-injury, injury group irradiated with 808nm laser fluence of 50 J/cm² and injury group irradiated with 808nm, fluence 10 J/cm². The treatment protocol was initiated 24 hours after surgery and held for 15 days. Every 20 days, the animals were subjected to the evaluation of sciatic functional index. After 90 days, the animals were euthanized by overdose of anesthetic and the sciatic nerve was removed to carry out morphological and morfometric analysis, which were measured the number of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers, fiber and axon area and sheath thickness myelin. The result of SFI didn’t show differences between treatment groups and control group during the SFI evaluation. There weren`t differences between the three groups when we evaluated sheath thickness myelin, fiber and axon area and number of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers.
Peripheral nerve injuries are frequently founded in clinical practice of physiotherapy. Traumas such as crushing and sections totals are the most common causes of injury to peripheral nerves and usually result in functional disability, affecting social and occupational activities of the individual. Within this context, many resources are being done in order to accelerate nerve regeneration, among them stands out the low level laser therapy (LLLT), which promotes decrease inflammation and increase cell proliferation, resulting in acceleration of regeneration nerve after injury. However, despite the many evidences of the effectiveness of LLLT in the process of regeneration of nerve tissue, the mechanisms involved in these events are largely unknown, and there is a conflict between the various parameters used. Therefore, the aim of this project was analyze the effects of LLLT on the regeneration of sciatic nerve injury in rats after total section. For this, we used male Wistar rats divided into the following groups (n = 10) control-injury, injury group irradiated with 808nm laser fluence of 50 J/cm² and injury group irradiated with 808nm, fluence 10 J/cm². The treatment protocol was initiated 24 hours after surgery and held for 15 days. Every 20 days, the animals were subjected to the evaluation of sciatic functional index. After 90 days, the animals were euthanized by overdose of anesthetic and the sciatic nerve was removed to carry out morphological and morfometric analysis, which were measured the number of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers, fiber and axon area and sheath thickness myelin. The result of SFI didn’t show differences between treatment groups and control group during the SFI evaluation. There weren`t differences between the three groups when we evaluated sheath thickness myelin, fiber and axon area and number of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers.
Descrição
Citação
DI GANGI, Giuliana Castro. Os efeitos do laser terapêutico na regeneração nervosa após secção total do nervo ciático em ratos. 2010. 33 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso de graduação (Fisioterapia) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade (ISS), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, 2010.