Qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos à pulsoterapia
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Data
2024-03-20
Autores
Gonçalves, Leda Lucia de Souza [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Silva, Luci Meire Pereira da [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado profissional
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Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida em pacientes em tratamento com pulsoterapia e sua compreensão sobre doença e tratamento. Métodos: O presente estudo é de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva com abordagem qualitativa. A entrevista foi realizada com 50 pacientes no período de novembro/2021 a março/2022. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista estruturada, utilizando três questionários e conduzida exclusivamente pela pesquisadora no Ambulatório de Especialidade Pulsoterapia do Hospital São Paulo - da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). O 1º questionário continha cinco questões, abordando aspectos sociais, epidemiológicos e de validação do entendimento prévio do paciente em relação à sua doença e tratamento, sendo aplicado assim que o paciente iniciava o atendimento. O 2º questionário, composto por 4 questões, foi elaborado pela pesquisadora para validar a compreensão do paciente após o recebimento de instruções sobre o tratamento, que foram fornecidas pela pesquisadora. O 3º questionário utilizado foi o WHOQOL - BREF que é composto por quatro domínios: físico, psicológico, relações sociais e meio ambiente e qualidade de vida. Através desses instrumentos foi analisada a qualidade de vida em geral e o conhecimento mediante seu tratamento com a pulsoterapia. Resultados: Os pacientes eram predominantemente mulheres (N=31, 62%) com menos de 60 anos (N=26, 84%). Pacientes responderam que conhecem sobre sua doença 44 (88%), porém 40 (80%) pacientes responderam que têm dúvida sobre o tratamento realizado com a pulsoterapia. Com relação à qualidade de vida, saúde e outras áreas, tomando como referência as duas últimas semanas, 28 (56%) pacientes relataram distúrbios circulatório, imunológico e visual. A qualidade de vida foi semelhante independentemente da idade, gênero, distúrbios musculoesqueléticos ou qualquer outro problema relacionado à saúde (P>0,05), mas não para a função física. Indivíduos com menor função física apresentam menor qualidade de vida nos domínios de saúde física (P=0,034) e psicológica (P=0,025) e qualidade de vida total (P=0,042). Conclusões: A contextualização do processo saúde-doença, o tratamento com a pulsoterapia e abrangendo a qualidade de vida nos domínios emocionais, físicos, sociais e ambientais mostram interferências, impactando na assistência oferecida. Esta interferência, demonstra por meio desta pesquisa que a parte de orientação educativa sobre o tratamento do paciente com pulsoterapia, pode trazer benefício e qualidade de vida, diante dos relatos informados, foi possível observar que a dúvida quanto ao tratamento tem impacto negativo, devido à falta de conhecimento. Portanto, oferecer ao paciente informações mais detalhadas sobre o tratamento e a sua doença pode impactar na qualidade de vida e assistência, bem como no aprimoramento de uma assistência sistematizada, individualizada, humanizada e integral.
Objective: To evaluate the quality of life in patients undergoing treatment with pulse therapy and their understanding of the disease and treatment. Methods: The present study is an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The interview was carried out with 50 patients from November/2021 to March/2022. Data were collected through structured interviews, using three questionnaires and conducted exclusively by the researcher at the Pulse Therapy Specialty Outpatient Clinic of Hospital São Paulo - Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP). The 1st questionnaire contained 5 questions, covering social, epidemiological aspects and validation of the patient's prior understanding regarding their disease and treatment, being applied as soon as the patient began treatment. The 2nd questionnaire was prepared by the researcher to validate the patient's understanding after receiving instructions about the treatment provided by the researcher, consisting of 4 questions. The 3rd questionnaire used was the WHOQOL - BREF, which is composed of four domains: physical, psychological, social relationships, environment and quality of life. Through these instruments, quality of life in general and knowledge through treatment with pulse therapy were analyzed. Results: Patients were predominantly women (N=31, 62%) under 60 years old (N=26, 84%). Patients responded that they knew about their disease 44 (88%), however 40 (80%) patients responded that they had doubts about the treatment carried out with pulse therapy. Regarding quality of life, health and other areas, taking the last two weeks as a reference, 28 (56%) patients reported circulatory, immunological and visual disorders. Quality of Life was similar regardless of age, gender, musculoskeletal disorders or any other health-related problem (P>0.05), but not for physical function. Individuals with lower physical function have lower quality of life in the physical (P=0.034) and psychological (P=0.025) health domains and total quality of life (P=0.042). Conclusions: The contextualization of the health-disease process, treatment with pulse therapy and covering quality of life in the emotional, physical, social and environmental domains shows interference, impacting the assistance offered. This interference demonstrates through this research that the educational guidance on patient treatment with pulse therapy can bring benefits and quality of life, as through informed reports it was possible to observe that doubt regarding treatment has a negative impact, due to lack of knowledge. Therefore, offering the patient more detailed information about the treatment and their disease can impact the quality of life and care, as well as improving systematized, individualized, humanized and comprehensive care.
Objective: To evaluate the quality of life in patients undergoing treatment with pulse therapy and their understanding of the disease and treatment. Methods: The present study is an exploratory and descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The interview was carried out with 50 patients from November/2021 to March/2022. Data were collected through structured interviews, using three questionnaires and conducted exclusively by the researcher at the Pulse Therapy Specialty Outpatient Clinic of Hospital São Paulo - Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP). The 1st questionnaire contained 5 questions, covering social, epidemiological aspects and validation of the patient's prior understanding regarding their disease and treatment, being applied as soon as the patient began treatment. The 2nd questionnaire was prepared by the researcher to validate the patient's understanding after receiving instructions about the treatment provided by the researcher, consisting of 4 questions. The 3rd questionnaire used was the WHOQOL - BREF, which is composed of four domains: physical, psychological, social relationships, environment and quality of life. Through these instruments, quality of life in general and knowledge through treatment with pulse therapy were analyzed. Results: Patients were predominantly women (N=31, 62%) under 60 years old (N=26, 84%). Patients responded that they knew about their disease 44 (88%), however 40 (80%) patients responded that they had doubts about the treatment carried out with pulse therapy. Regarding quality of life, health and other areas, taking the last two weeks as a reference, 28 (56%) patients reported circulatory, immunological and visual disorders. Quality of Life was similar regardless of age, gender, musculoskeletal disorders or any other health-related problem (P>0.05), but not for physical function. Individuals with lower physical function have lower quality of life in the physical (P=0.034) and psychological (P=0.025) health domains and total quality of life (P=0.042). Conclusions: The contextualization of the health-disease process, treatment with pulse therapy and covering quality of life in the emotional, physical, social and environmental domains shows interference, impacting the assistance offered. This interference demonstrates through this research that the educational guidance on patient treatment with pulse therapy can bring benefits and quality of life, as through informed reports it was possible to observe that doubt regarding treatment has a negative impact, due to lack of knowledge. Therefore, offering the patient more detailed information about the treatment and their disease can impact the quality of life and care, as well as improving systematized, individualized, humanized and comprehensive care.
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Dissertação mestrado profissional