Paisagem sonora do Jardim Botânico de São Paulo e serviços ecossistêmicos culturais associados
Data
2024-07-29
Autores
Reis, Viviane Rodrigues 
Orientadores
Vieira, Elisa Hardt Alves
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Apesar de a paisagem sonora estar diretamente relacionada ao bem-estar e à qualidade de vida nos espaços urbanos, oferecendo inúmeros Serviços Ecossistêmicos Culturais - SEC, são incipientes os estudos no Brasil sobre o tema. Particularmente, espaços verdes urbanos como os jardins botânicos oferecem inúmeros serviços importantes para a população como, conhecimento, educação e cultura. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a paisagem sonora e avaliar os SEC associados de um espaço verde urbano historicamente e culturalmente importante na cidade de São Paulo, o Jardim Botânico de São Paulo - JBSP. Ao longo de 28 dias foram monitorados 24 pontos de amostragem sonora ao redor do JBSP, durante às manhãs e tardes de segunda-feira a domingo na primavera e verão. Através da paisagem sonora, a oferta dos serviços foi valorada pelos pesquisadores através de grau de concordância 1(Discordo Totalmente) a 5 (Concordo Totalmente). A naturalidade sonora foi significativa e heterogênea na paisagem nos perfis de espacialidade e temporalidade da amostragem, com alta frequência de sons da fauna local, especialmente de aves e animais aquáticos. No JBSP é possível ter contato com diversos SEC relacionados à paisagem sonora, que vão além da educação e recreação. Serviços estéticos e de qualidade restauradora registrou valores superiores no verão, enquanto a primavera disponibilizou mais serviços de diversidade cultural. Os locais com mais visitantes concentraram mais serviços de relações sociais, enquanto os locais mais internos do JBSP tiveram mais incidência de serviços espirituais. Através da análise da paisagem sonora, foi possível caracterizar de forma eficiente a densidade e diversidade dos SEC da paisagem estudada, identificando as variáveis espaciais e temporais de influência. Este estudo poderá contribuir para o planejamento e gestão de espaços verdes urbanos ao fornecer uma estratégia metodológica de análise de SEC usando a paisagem sonora como indicadora. Espera-se que gestores e planejadores desses espaços considerem a paisagem sonora e direcionem esforços para fomentar os sons naturais fornecedores de SEC.
Although the soundscape is directly related to well-being and quality of life in urban spaces, offering considerable Cultural Ecosystem Services - SEC, studies in Brazil on the topic are incipient. Particularly, urban green spaces such as botanical gardens offer considerable important services to the population, such as knowledge, education and culture. This study aimed to characterize the soundscape and evaluate the associated SEC of a historically and culturally important urban green space in the city of São Paulo, the Jardim Botânico de São Paulo - JBSP. Over 28 days, 24 sound sampling points were monitored around the JBSP, during the mornings and afternoons of Monday to Sunday in spring and summer. Through the soundscape, the service offering was valued by the researchers through a degree of agreement from 1 (Totally Disagree) to 5 (Totally Agree). Sound naturalness was significant and heterogeneous in the landscape in the spatiality and temporality profiles of the sampling, with a high frequency of sounds from local fauna, especially birds and aquatic animals. At JBSP it is possible to have contact with several SECs related to the soundscape, which go beyond education and activity. Restored aesthetic and quality services registered higher values in the summer, while in the spring more cultural diversity services were made available. The places with the most visitors concentrated more social relations services, while the places closer to JBSP had more spiritual services. Through the analysis of the soundscape, it was possible to efficiently characterize the density and diversity of SECs in the studied landscape, identifying spatial and temporal variations of influence. This study may contribute to the planning and management of urban green spaces by providing a methodological strategy for SEC analysis using the soundscape as an indicator. Managers and planners of these spaces are expected to consider a soundscape and direct efforts to foster the natural offspring of SEC suppliers.
Although the soundscape is directly related to well-being and quality of life in urban spaces, offering considerable Cultural Ecosystem Services - SEC, studies in Brazil on the topic are incipient. Particularly, urban green spaces such as botanical gardens offer considerable important services to the population, such as knowledge, education and culture. This study aimed to characterize the soundscape and evaluate the associated SEC of a historically and culturally important urban green space in the city of São Paulo, the Jardim Botânico de São Paulo - JBSP. Over 28 days, 24 sound sampling points were monitored around the JBSP, during the mornings and afternoons of Monday to Sunday in spring and summer. Through the soundscape, the service offering was valued by the researchers through a degree of agreement from 1 (Totally Disagree) to 5 (Totally Agree). Sound naturalness was significant and heterogeneous in the landscape in the spatiality and temporality profiles of the sampling, with a high frequency of sounds from local fauna, especially birds and aquatic animals. At JBSP it is possible to have contact with several SECs related to the soundscape, which go beyond education and activity. Restored aesthetic and quality services registered higher values in the summer, while in the spring more cultural diversity services were made available. The places with the most visitors concentrated more social relations services, while the places closer to JBSP had more spiritual services. Through the analysis of the soundscape, it was possible to efficiently characterize the density and diversity of SECs in the studied landscape, identifying spatial and temporal variations of influence. This study may contribute to the planning and management of urban green spaces by providing a methodological strategy for SEC analysis using the soundscape as an indicator. Managers and planners of these spaces are expected to consider a soundscape and direct efforts to foster the natural offspring of SEC suppliers.
Descrição
Citação
REIS, V. R. Paisagem sonora do Jardim Botânico de São Paulo e serviços ecossistêmicos culturais associados. 2024. 115 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Análise Ambiental Integrada) - Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, 2024.