Perfil epidemiológico e prevalência da infecção pelo HIV em usuários do Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) da cidade de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais
Arquivos
Data
2010
Autores
Holzmann, Ana Paula Ferreira 
Orientadores
Barros, Sonia Maria Oliveira de
Tipo
Tese de doutorado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução: Face à complexidade e à diversidade dos problemas suscitados pela epidemia do HIV/aids, a oferta de testes sorológicos acompanhada do aconselhamento tornou-se uma das mais importantes estratégias para a sua prevenção e diagnóstico precoce. Objetivo: Conhecer o perfil epidemiológico dos usuários do Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento de Montes Claros e determinar a prevalência da infecção pelo HIV nessa população. Método: Estudo observacional, transversal e documental, realizado no Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) de Montes Claros, com dados referentes ao período de dezembro de 2006 a março de 2009. A população de estudo foi constituída por 1904 usuários do serviço que seguiram os critérios de seleção. Para organização e análise estatística dos dados foi utilizado o programa Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 15.0 e considerado nível de significância de 5% (p < 0,05). Resultados: 74% dos usuários foram atendidos na rotina do serviço e 26% em atividades itinerantes (18,8% em presídios e 7,2% no Centro de Socialização de Menores). A maioria é do sexo masculino, solteira, de cor parda/negra, concluiu de 8 a 11 anos de estudo e reside em Montes Claros . A média de idade foi de 28,7 anos e a prevenção o principal motivo para realização do teste anti-HIV. Quanto às variáveis comportamentais relacionadas ao último ano, a maioria informou uso de drogas lícitas e ou ilícitas, teve parceiro sexual único e não usou preservativo de forma consistente. A principal via de exposição ao HIV foi a sexual e a prevalência de soropositividade foi de 1,57%, no período. A análise estatística mostrou diferenças significativas entre os grupos populacionais para a maioria das variáveis, sendo assim, a análise prosseguiu somente com a população denominada como "geral" (1409 sujeitos), atendida na rotina do serviço. Nesse grupo, observou-se diferenças significativas (p<0,005) entre os sexos, evidenciando que há um maior percentual de solteiros e de pessoas que usaram drogas entre os homens. Os homens tiveram um número maior de parcerias sexuais, mas, por outro lado, usaram mais preservativo nas relações que as mulheres. Os motivos para não usar preservativo com parceria eventual foram distribuídos de forma semelhante entre os sexos. Em relação à parceria fixa, "a confiança" e "não gostar do preservativo", para os homens e o fato do "parceiro não aceitar", para as mulheres, influenciaram significativamente na decisão de não usarem preservativo. A prevalência de soropositividade foi de 2% e a proporção entre os sexos foi de 1:1. As variáveis idade, uso de preservativos, doença sexualmente transmissível e transfusão sanguínea se associaram de forma significativa à infecção pelo HIV. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados apresentaram similaridades com outros serviços, acompanhando, de uma forma geral, as tendências nacionais. Homens se engajaram mais em condutas de risco, porém as mulheres se infectaram na mesma proporção. A prevalência do HIV encontrada no período estudado assemelhou-se a maioria dos CTA brasileiros.
Introduction: Due to the complexity and diversity of the problems posed by HIV/AIDS, provision of serological tests accompanied by counseling, has become one of the most important strategies for its prevention and early diagnosis. Objective: To study the epidemiological profile of users of the Testing and Counseling Center (CTA) in the city of Montes Claros, and determine the prevalence of HIV infection in this population. Method: Observational, transversal and retrospective study at the Testing and Counseling Center (CTA) in the city of Montes Claros, with secondary data relating to the period of two year. The study population consisted of 1904 users of the service who followed the selection criteria. For organization and statistical analysis, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 15.0 and significance level of 5% (p<0,05) was used. Results: 74% of the users were attended to during routine service and 26% in itinerant activities (18.8% in prisons and 7.2% in Minor's Socialization Center). Mostly male (61,8%), single (54,8%), colored/black (68,5%), 8 to 11 years of education concluded (41,3%) and residing in Montes Claros (98%). The average age was 28.7 years and prevention was the main reason for undergoing HIV testing (44.1%). As for the behavioral variables related to last year, 67.8% stated the use of licit and/or illicit drugs, 45.4% had a single sexual partner, 14.6% had consistent condom use with steady partners and 40.7% with eventual partners. The main form of HIV exposure was sexual and the prevalence of seropositivity was 1.57% in the period. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between population groups for most variables, so the analysis proceeded with only the people named as "general" (1409 people) attended to in routine service. In this group, there were significant differences (p <0.005) between sexes, showing that there is a higher percentage of singles and people who used drugs among men. Men had a higher number of sexual partners, but on the other hand, used more condoms than women. The reason for not using condoms with eventual partners, was equally distributed between the genders. With regard to the steady relationships, "trust" and "dislike of condoms," for men and the fact that the "partner does not accept," for women, significantly influenced the decision for not using condoms. The prevalence of seropositivity was 2% and the gender ratio was 1:1. The variables of age, condom use, sexually transmitted disease and blood transfusion were significantly associated with HIV infection. Conclusions: The results showed similarities with other services, in general, following national trends, in relation to behavior and vulnerabilities and also in relation to the characteristics of infection, especially feminization and heterosexualization. Men were engaged in more risky behaviors, however women were infected in the same proportion. The prevalence of HIV found in the study period was similar to the majority of Brazilian CTA.
Introduction: Due to the complexity and diversity of the problems posed by HIV/AIDS, provision of serological tests accompanied by counseling, has become one of the most important strategies for its prevention and early diagnosis. Objective: To study the epidemiological profile of users of the Testing and Counseling Center (CTA) in the city of Montes Claros, and determine the prevalence of HIV infection in this population. Method: Observational, transversal and retrospective study at the Testing and Counseling Center (CTA) in the city of Montes Claros, with secondary data relating to the period of two year. The study population consisted of 1904 users of the service who followed the selection criteria. For organization and statistical analysis, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 15.0 and significance level of 5% (p<0,05) was used. Results: 74% of the users were attended to during routine service and 26% in itinerant activities (18.8% in prisons and 7.2% in Minor's Socialization Center). Mostly male (61,8%), single (54,8%), colored/black (68,5%), 8 to 11 years of education concluded (41,3%) and residing in Montes Claros (98%). The average age was 28.7 years and prevention was the main reason for undergoing HIV testing (44.1%). As for the behavioral variables related to last year, 67.8% stated the use of licit and/or illicit drugs, 45.4% had a single sexual partner, 14.6% had consistent condom use with steady partners and 40.7% with eventual partners. The main form of HIV exposure was sexual and the prevalence of seropositivity was 1.57% in the period. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between population groups for most variables, so the analysis proceeded with only the people named as "general" (1409 people) attended to in routine service. In this group, there were significant differences (p <0.005) between sexes, showing that there is a higher percentage of singles and people who used drugs among men. Men had a higher number of sexual partners, but on the other hand, used more condoms than women. The reason for not using condoms with eventual partners, was equally distributed between the genders. With regard to the steady relationships, "trust" and "dislike of condoms," for men and the fact that the "partner does not accept," for women, significantly influenced the decision for not using condoms. The prevalence of seropositivity was 2% and the gender ratio was 1:1. The variables of age, condom use, sexually transmitted disease and blood transfusion were significantly associated with HIV infection. Conclusions: The results showed similarities with other services, in general, following national trends, in relation to behavior and vulnerabilities and also in relation to the characteristics of infection, especially feminization and heterosexualization. Men were engaged in more risky behaviors, however women were infected in the same proportion. The prevalence of HIV found in the study period was similar to the majority of Brazilian CTA.
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Citação
HOLZMANN, Ana Paula Ferreira. Perfil epidemiológico e prevalência da infecção pelo HIV em usuários do Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento (CTA) da cidade de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. São Paulo, 2010. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) -Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, 2010.