Estudo investigativo das aplicações e impactos de nanopartículas superparamagnéticas nas áreas da medicina e do meio ambiente
Data
2022-11-22
Autores
Souza, Nicole Inhota do Nascimento 
Orientadores
Ferreira, Paula Silvia Haddad
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O presente trabalho teve como motivação a investigação de aspectos toxicológicos de nanomateriais magnéticos aplicados nas áreas da medicina e do meio ambiente através de uma revisão bibliográfica. O objetivo principal foi investigar e analisar os principais desafios encontrados na literatura que limitam a utilização destes sistemas, principalmente de nanopartículas (NPs) magnéticas, do tipo Fe3O4, para as aplicações nas áreas supracitadas. Como metodologia foi realizada uma análise através de estudo bibliométrico dos artigos indexados na base de dados Web of Science (WoS), American Chemical Society (ACS) e CAPES Periódicos sobre os termos biomedicina, superparamagnetismo, nanopartículas, toxicologia, entre outros. Foram investigados parâmetros que possam influenciar na aplicação desejada, relacionando-os às características das NPs produzidas com a finalidade de melhorar sua biocompatibilidade em relação às amostras conhecidas na literatura Além disto, foram avaliados aspectos morfológicos relacionados diretamente às características físico-químicas, e quais as influências na toxicologia e na ecotoxicologia. Finalmente, foi realizada uma avaliação do impacto na regularização de materiais nanoestruturados. Portanto, a primeira vertente deste trabalho visou explorar a história do desenvolvimento de nanopartículas, verificando o marco inicial que influenciou a exploração desta tecnologia, investigando as principais descobertas, critérios que influenciam a escolha de métodos de sínteses, e as principais funcionalizações de superfície mais exploradas por cientistas para materiais com características superparamagnéticas, como o óxido de ferro. A segunda vertente deste projeto teve como objetivo investigar através de levantamentos o avanço da regularização das nanopartículas superparamagnéticas no mundo ao longo dos anos, e os principais desafios encontrados para o estabelecimento de critérios de segurança destes materiais para as aplicações exploradas, avaliando como estes materiais podem impactar o ser humano e o meio ambiente.
The present project is motivated by the investigation of toxicological aspects of magnetic nanomaterials applied in the medical and environmental areas through a literature review. The main objective was to investigate and analyze the challenges found in the literature that limit the use of these systems, mainly of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), such as Fe3O4, for applications in the aforementioned areas. As a methodology, an analysis was performed through a bibliometric analysis of articles available in the Web of Science (WoS), American Chemical Society (ACS), and CAPES Periodicals databases, using words such as “biomedicine”, “superparamagnetism”, “nanoparticles”, “toxicology”, and others that will be disclosed in the following pages. Parameters that may influence the desired application were investigated, relating them to the characteristics of the NPs produced to improve their biocompatibility concerning samples known in the literature. In addition, morphological aspects directly related to the physicochemical characteristics were evaluated, as their influences on toxicology and ecotoxicology. Moreover, it was carried out an estimate of the impacts of the nanostructured materials regularization. Therefore, the first strand of this work aimed to explore the history of the development of nanoparticles, verifying the initial achievement that influenced the exploration of this technology. In addition, it was investigated the main discoveries, criteria that influence the choice of synthesis methods, and the surface functionalizations that are being explored by the scientists for materials with superparamagnetic characteristics, such as iron oxide. The second strand of this project aimed to investigate, through data gathering, the progress of the regularization of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in the world over the years, and the main challenges encountered in establishing safety criteria for these materials for the applications explored, evaluating how these materials can impact humans and the environment.
The present project is motivated by the investigation of toxicological aspects of magnetic nanomaterials applied in the medical and environmental areas through a literature review. The main objective was to investigate and analyze the challenges found in the literature that limit the use of these systems, mainly of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), such as Fe3O4, for applications in the aforementioned areas. As a methodology, an analysis was performed through a bibliometric analysis of articles available in the Web of Science (WoS), American Chemical Society (ACS), and CAPES Periodicals databases, using words such as “biomedicine”, “superparamagnetism”, “nanoparticles”, “toxicology”, and others that will be disclosed in the following pages. Parameters that may influence the desired application were investigated, relating them to the characteristics of the NPs produced to improve their biocompatibility concerning samples known in the literature. In addition, morphological aspects directly related to the physicochemical characteristics were evaluated, as their influences on toxicology and ecotoxicology. Moreover, it was carried out an estimate of the impacts of the nanostructured materials regularization. Therefore, the first strand of this work aimed to explore the history of the development of nanoparticles, verifying the initial achievement that influenced the exploration of this technology. In addition, it was investigated the main discoveries, criteria that influence the choice of synthesis methods, and the surface functionalizations that are being explored by the scientists for materials with superparamagnetic characteristics, such as iron oxide. The second strand of this project aimed to investigate, through data gathering, the progress of the regularization of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in the world over the years, and the main challenges encountered in establishing safety criteria for these materials for the applications explored, evaluating how these materials can impact humans and the environment.