Anemia ferropriva na primeira infância: intervenção com atenção primária à saúde em comunidades carentes
Data
1999
Autores
Devincenzi, Macarena Urrestarazu 
Orientadores
Sigulem, Dirce Maria
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Uma das atividades desenvolvidas pelo Projeto Favela-UNIFESP/EPM, e a identificacao e tratamento de criancas anemicas, residentes em favelas de Vila Mariana, no municipio de São Paulo, tendo como caracteristica basica o atendimento periodico, a nivel domiciliar. A populacao atendida e composta por criancas de 6 a 36 meses de idade, tendo sido avaliadas, 263 entre julho de 1995 e dezembro de 1997. A identificacao dos anemicos se faz atraves da realizacao de mutiroes e visitas domiciliares, onde se obtem o valor da hemoglobina atraves do uso de um hemoglobinometro digital portatil - Hemocue. O ponto de corte utilizado e de 11,Og/dl, recomendado pela Organizacao Mundial de Saúde. Nesse periodo foram acompanhadas 122 criancas anemicas em retornos de 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias, onde foram fornecidas orientacoes de carater nutricional e administracao de sulfato ferroso. A dose utilizada foi de 3Omg de ferro elementar por dia, por um periodo de tres meses. Ao final, a crianca foi submetida a nova dosagem de hemoglobina. A prevalencia de anemia ferropriva em menores de 36 meses foi de 63,1 por cento , sendo que quanto ao sexo, 59,8 por cento das criancas anemicas pertenciam ao feminino e 66,6 por cento ao masculino. Quanto a faixa etaria, o maior percentual foi encontrado entre criancas de 6 a 24 meses, cerca de 70 por cento . Entre os anemicos, encontrou-se 43,9 por cento de casos mais graves de anemia, com valores de hemoglobina inferiores a 9,5 g/dl. Nao houve diferencas estatisticas entre criancas anemicas e nao anemicas em relacao a escolaridade materna, proporcao de baixo peso ao nascer, tempo mediano de aleitamento materno exclusivo e total, epoca de Introdução de alimentos e estado nutricional em relacao aos indicadores peso/idade e estatura/idade. Na avaliacao dietetica tambem nao houve diferenca estatistica significante entre anemicos e nao anemicos quanto ao consumo mediano de calorias, proteinas, ferro e vitamina C. Este so diferiu em relacao ao ferro e a densidade de ferro da dieta quando a analise foi feita por grupo etario, sendo que entre as criancas menores de 12 meses os valores foram significantemente inferiores aos das maiores. Quanto a biodisponibilidade de ferro nas refeicoes observou-se que esta foi baixa em mais de 50 por cento dos casos, sem diferenca estatitica significante entre anemicos e nao anemicos. Em relacao ao tratamento das criancas anemicas, houve incrementos significantes no valor da hemoglobina em 76 por ...(au)
Considering the scarcity of studies seeking patient know his/her motivations, opinions and feelings in relation to nutritional counseling process, the goals of this study were aware of the experiences and perceptions experience d by obese patients met on an outpatient basis in a public institution in the cit y of Guarulhos and to identify possible barriers and facilitators factors for its implement ation. The theoretical sought to bring justification, reflections and discussions about th e nutritional advice, the elements present in food and nutrition today and the issue o f obesity. A qualitative approach was adopted. Data collection occurred through semi- structured type interview. Were interviewed 12 women with an average age of 39.4 ye ars, and BMI (body mass index) that ranged from 30 to 42 kg/m². We chose to group the data systematically using the technique of content analysis, in its the matic strand. Among the findings is that there is little clarity about the real goals o f the counseling, the reports showed that women have experienced a customer service mode l that more closely approximates a nutritional guidance. About the faci litators ' factors, it was possible to observe issues related to the quality of profession al/patient relationship and family inclusion in the process. Already the lack of famil y support and does not adapt to constraints and/or exclusion of favorite foods were cited as major barriers. In closing remarks, points up the need for changes in the appr oach of nutritional counseling in clinical practice, it is important that the process be known, understood and applied within a broad vision, contextualized and problemat ical. Help spread the advice as an instrument in the context of nutrition education to be used in situations where the desire and need for behavior change are identified.
Considering the scarcity of studies seeking patient know his/her motivations, opinions and feelings in relation to nutritional counseling process, the goals of this study were aware of the experiences and perceptions experience d by obese patients met on an outpatient basis in a public institution in the cit y of Guarulhos and to identify possible barriers and facilitators factors for its implement ation. The theoretical sought to bring justification, reflections and discussions about th e nutritional advice, the elements present in food and nutrition today and the issue o f obesity. A qualitative approach was adopted. Data collection occurred through semi- structured type interview. Were interviewed 12 women with an average age of 39.4 ye ars, and BMI (body mass index) that ranged from 30 to 42 kg/m². We chose to group the data systematically using the technique of content analysis, in its the matic strand. Among the findings is that there is little clarity about the real goals o f the counseling, the reports showed that women have experienced a customer service mode l that more closely approximates a nutritional guidance. About the faci litators ' factors, it was possible to observe issues related to the quality of profession al/patient relationship and family inclusion in the process. Already the lack of famil y support and does not adapt to constraints and/or exclusion of favorite foods were cited as major barriers. In closing remarks, points up the need for changes in the appr oach of nutritional counseling in clinical practice, it is important that the process be known, understood and applied within a broad vision, contextualized and problemat ical. Help spread the advice as an instrument in the context of nutrition education to be used in situations where the desire and need for behavior change are identified.
Descrição
Citação
São Paulo: [s.n.], 1999. 74 p. tab.