Tratamento de efluentes da indústria farmacêutica via aplicação dos processos oxidativos avançados
Data
2021-01-27
Autores
Aguena, Laryssa Miwah 
Orientadores
Moraes, José Ermirio Ferreira de
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Com o aumento da atividade industrial e do crescimento populacional, a utilização dos recursos hídricos tem se mostrado um ponto importante para a manutenção do funcionamento da sociedade atual. Com o objetivo de se preservar a qualidade da água, observa-se uma tendência de esforços e estudos de novas tecnologias voltadas para o tratamento de efluentes Nesse contexto, os chamados Processos Oxidativos Avançados (POA) têm se mostrado como uma interessante alternativa em relação aos métodos de tratamento biológicos convencionais utilizando microrganismos. Por estar fundamentado na ocorrência de reações químicas e/ou fotoquímicas, e não biológicas, no processo de degradação dos poluentes, os POA tem a vantagem de não apresentar limitações em relação à toxicidade dos diferentes compostos químicos presentes nos efluentes industriais, sendo processos não seletivos e altamente eficientes na mineralização de compostos orgânicos. O presente trabalho consistiu no estudo e avaliação da performance dos Processos Oxidativos Avançados (POA) em métodos de degradação de micropoluentes emergentes em efluentes da indústria farmacêutica, usando o antibiótico amoxicilina como poluente modelo. Os experimentos foram realizados com o uso de diferentes fontes de radicais hidroxila, aplicando-se soluções comerciais de peróxido de hidrogênio e o percarbonato de sódio. Além disso, também foi avaliado o efeito da concentração de íons férricos e ferrosos. Com a realização do presente trabalho, pode-se concluir que o percarbonato de sódio proporcionou resultados tão efetivos quanto os ensaios realizados com o uso de soluções comerciais de H2O2, atingindo um percentual de mineralização da amoxicilina de até 89,6%, considerando as condições experimentais utilizadas. Dessa forma, foi possível constatar a viabilidade técnica dos processos estudados na remoção do antibiótico amoxicilina.
With the increase in industrial activity and population growth, the use of water resources has proved to be an important point for the maintenance of the functioning of today's society. In order to preserve the quality of the water, a trend of efforts and studies of new technologies for the treatment of effluents has been observed. In this context, the so-called Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOP) have proved to be an interesting alternative to conventional biological treatment methods using microorganisms. As it is based on the occurrence of chemical and/or photochemical reactions, and not biological, in the process of degradation of pollutants, the POA has the advantage of not presenting limitations in relation to the toxicity of different chemical compounds present in industrial effluents, being processes non-selective and highly efficient in the mineralization of organic compounds. The present work consisted in the study and evaluation of the performance of Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOP) in degradation methods of emerging micropollutants in pharmaceutical industry effluents, using the antibiotic amoxicillin as a model pollutant. The experiments were carried out using different sources of hydroxyl radicals, applying commercial solutions of hydrogen peroxide and sodium percarbonate. In addition, the effect of iron and ferrous ion concentration was also evaluated. With the realization of this work, it can be concluded that the sodium percarbonate provided results as effective as the tests performed with the use of commercial solutions of H2O2, reaching a percentage of amoxicillin mineralization of up to 89.6%, considering the experimental conditions used. Thus, it was possible to verify the technical viability of the processes studied in the removal of the antibiotic amoxicillin.
With the increase in industrial activity and population growth, the use of water resources has proved to be an important point for the maintenance of the functioning of today's society. In order to preserve the quality of the water, a trend of efforts and studies of new technologies for the treatment of effluents has been observed. In this context, the so-called Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOP) have proved to be an interesting alternative to conventional biological treatment methods using microorganisms. As it is based on the occurrence of chemical and/or photochemical reactions, and not biological, in the process of degradation of pollutants, the POA has the advantage of not presenting limitations in relation to the toxicity of different chemical compounds present in industrial effluents, being processes non-selective and highly efficient in the mineralization of organic compounds. The present work consisted in the study and evaluation of the performance of Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOP) in degradation methods of emerging micropollutants in pharmaceutical industry effluents, using the antibiotic amoxicillin as a model pollutant. The experiments were carried out using different sources of hydroxyl radicals, applying commercial solutions of hydrogen peroxide and sodium percarbonate. In addition, the effect of iron and ferrous ion concentration was also evaluated. With the realization of this work, it can be concluded that the sodium percarbonate provided results as effective as the tests performed with the use of commercial solutions of H2O2, reaching a percentage of amoxicillin mineralization of up to 89.6%, considering the experimental conditions used. Thus, it was possible to verify the technical viability of the processes studied in the removal of the antibiotic amoxicillin.