Avaliação do uso dos resíduos casca de coco (Cocos nucifera L.) e escama de tainha (Mugil liza) como adsorventes alternativos para remoção de cobre de solução aquosa
Data
2022-05-25
Autores
Amancio, Luiza dos Santos 
Orientadores
Alves, Magno José
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos prevê que somente os rejeitos devem ser
encaminhados aos aterros sanitários, indicação não atendida pela maioria dos municípios
da Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista, que encaminham grandes volumes de
resíduos sólidos não triados para o aterro Sítio das Neves. A qualidade dos recursos
hídricos da região é outra problemática, por estes serem receptores de efluentes industriais
e domésticos contendo metais. Em uma tentativa de apresentar melhores formas de
destinação e aproveitamento do lixo úmido, assim como propor uma tecnologia
alternativa ao tratamento de águas contaminadas da região, este estudo se propôs a avaliar
o uso de cascas de coco e escamas de peixe como adsorventes alternativos para remoção
de cobre da água. Os adsorventes produzidos sem alteração química foram caracterizados
por distribuição granulométrica, pH de ponto de carga zero e Espectroscopia no
Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier. Nos testes em batelada de adsorção e
dessorção em hidróxido de sódio, as alíquotas colhidas em tempos pré-determinados
foram analisadas para quantificação de cobre pela técnica de Fluorescência de Raios X
por Reflexão Total. Modelos cinéticos e de isotermas tiveram seus parâmetros calculados
e para melhoria do desempenho da adsorção aplicou-se ao estudo o Delineamento
Composto Central Rotacional (DCCR). O modelo cinético de pseudo-segunda ordem
mostrou-se o mais adequado aos dados de adsorção tanto em casca de coco quanto em
escama de tainha. No estudo das isotermas, o modelo de Freundlich teve melhor ajuste a
casca de coco 60 mesh, o modelo de Langmuir descreveu o de escama de tainha 14 mesh
e a casca de coco 200 mesh foi bem caracterizada por ambos os modelos. O DCCR
indicou que a massa é a variável que mais influencia o processo e a eficiência de remoção
do cobre pelos adsorventes variou de 64 e 87%. A etapa de dessorção foi eficiente
somente quando aplicada a escama de tainha, indicando-se o uso de outras metodologias
para recuperação dos adsorventes oriundos da casca de coco. Os resultados são
promissores e indicam que estes materiais, tratados como resíduos, tem grande potencial
na remoção de cobre da água.
The National Solid Waste Policy establishes that only tailings must be sent to sanitary landfills, an indication not met by most municipalities of the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region, which send large volumes of unsorted solid waste to the Sítio das Neves landfill. The quality of water resources in the region is another problem, as they are recipients of industrial and domestic effluents containing metals. In an attempt to present better ways of wet waste disposal and application, and to propose an alternative technology for the treatment of contaminated water in the region, this study aimed to evaluate the use of coconut husks and fish scales as alternative adsorbents for copper removal from water. The adsorbents produced without chemical alteration were characterized by granulometric distribution, pH point zero charge and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. On the adsorption and desorption with sodium hydroxide solution batch tests, the aliquots collected at predetermined times were analyzed for copper quantification by the Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence technique. Kinetic and isothermal models had their parameters calculated and to improve the adsorption performance, the Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied to the study. The pseudosecond order kinetic model was the most suitable for the adsorption data on both coconut husk and mullet scale. On the isotherm studies, the Freundlich model had the best fit to the 60 mesh coconut husk adsorbent, the Langmuir model better described the process on the 14 mesh mullet scale and the adsorption on 200 mesh coconut husk was well characterized by both models. CCD indicated that mass is the variable that most influences the process and the efficiency of copper removal by the adsorbents ranged from 64 to 87%. The desorption with NaOH solution was only efficient when applied to mullet scale, therefore, the use of other methodologies for the recovery of adsorbents derived from coconut husk is indicated. The obtained results are promising and indicate that these materials, treated as waste, have great potential on removing copper from water.
The National Solid Waste Policy establishes that only tailings must be sent to sanitary landfills, an indication not met by most municipalities of the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region, which send large volumes of unsorted solid waste to the Sítio das Neves landfill. The quality of water resources in the region is another problem, as they are recipients of industrial and domestic effluents containing metals. In an attempt to present better ways of wet waste disposal and application, and to propose an alternative technology for the treatment of contaminated water in the region, this study aimed to evaluate the use of coconut husks and fish scales as alternative adsorbents for copper removal from water. The adsorbents produced without chemical alteration were characterized by granulometric distribution, pH point zero charge and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. On the adsorption and desorption with sodium hydroxide solution batch tests, the aliquots collected at predetermined times were analyzed for copper quantification by the Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence technique. Kinetic and isothermal models had their parameters calculated and to improve the adsorption performance, the Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied to the study. The pseudosecond order kinetic model was the most suitable for the adsorption data on both coconut husk and mullet scale. On the isotherm studies, the Freundlich model had the best fit to the 60 mesh coconut husk adsorbent, the Langmuir model better described the process on the 14 mesh mullet scale and the adsorption on 200 mesh coconut husk was well characterized by both models. CCD indicated that mass is the variable that most influences the process and the efficiency of copper removal by the adsorbents ranged from 64 to 87%. The desorption with NaOH solution was only efficient when applied to mullet scale, therefore, the use of other methodologies for the recovery of adsorbents derived from coconut husk is indicated. The obtained results are promising and indicate that these materials, treated as waste, have great potential on removing copper from water.
Descrição
Citação
AMANCIO, Luiza dos Santos. Avaliação do uso dos resíduos casca de coco (Cocos nucifera L.) e escama de tainha (Mugil liza) como adsorventes alternativos para remoção de cobre de solução aquosa. 2022. 124 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia do Mar) - Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.