Repercussões da Intervenção Educativa Multiprofissional no Estado Emocional de Pessoas em Aguardo para a Cirurgia Cardíaca
Data
2021-08-11
Autores
Chára, Erika 
Orientadores
Moreira, Rita Simone Lopes
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
As doenças cardiovasculares são a principal causa de morte no mundo. Em alguns casos o tratamento mais indicado é uma cirurgia cardíaca. Dentre os procedimentos mais realizados estão a revascularização do miocárdio e a troca valvar. Estas cirurgias cardíacas são complexas, envolvem uma série de procedimentos e por isso torna-se imprescindível um cuidado multiprofissional. Objetivo: estruturar uma intervenção educativa multiprofissional centrada na pessoa, verificar a repercussão dessa intervenção no estado emocional daquele em aguardo para a cirurgia cardíaca e avaliar a satisfação frente a intervenção realizada. Foram realizados 2 estudos longitudinais, pré-experimentais, qualiquantitativos. Método 1: No primeiro realizou-se uma intervenção educativa multiprofissional e posteriormente foi aplicado um questionário semiestruturado para averiguar a influência da intervenção sobre os períodos pré e pós-operatório. Resultados 1: participaram 25 adultos. Todos referiram ser importante a realização de uma intervenção educativa no período pré-operatório, recordaram-se das informações oferecidas no período pré-operatório sobre o pós-operatório, consideraram que isso os ajudou a se comunicarem com a equipe multiprofissional e 88% deles consideraram que a intervenção provocou mudanças em seus sentimentos e/ ou pensamentos relacionados à cirurgia cardíaca e à Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Conclusão 1: a intervenção realizada no período pré-operatório de adultos em aguardo para a cirurgia cardíaca foi eficaz por proporcionar conhecimento prévio das informações acerca da cirurgia e tratamento, levando a mudança nos sentimentos e/ ou pensamentos relacionados à cirurgia e a Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, melhor comunicação com a equipe e participação ativa do indivíduo no processo de recuperação. Método 2: houve a aplicação das escalas HADS, DASS-21, PANAS, B-MEPS e EMRC antes e após a intervenção educativa multiprofissional e após a intervenção o NPS e uma pergunta aberta “Como foi participar da Intervenção?”. Resultados 2: participaram 44 pessoas. Houve mudanças com significância estatística na ansiedade, depressão, afetos negativos, estresse pré-operatório e medos relacionados à cirurgia entre os momentos pré e pós intervenção com este momento apresentando níveis menores. Além disso, 93% declarou satisfação com a intervenção educativa multiprofissional. Os participantes relataram que receber as orientações os ajudou a se prepararem para o procedimento e para o período pós-operatório em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e a relação com a equipe multiprofissional através do cuidado realizado por esta mostrou-se um fator positivo importante diante do contexto da hospitalização. Conclusão 2: a intervenção educativa multiprofissional mostrou-se eficaz em modificar os níveis de ansiedade, afetos negativos, estresse pré-operatório e medos relacionados à cirurgia cardíaca, satisfação com a intervenção e os auxiliou a desenvolver recursos de enfrentamento ao momento em que se encontravam.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. In some cases, the most indicated treatment is heart surgery. Among the most frequently performed procedures are myocardial revascularization and valve replacement. These heart surgeries are complex, involve a series of procedures, and that is why multiprofessional care is essential. Objective: to structure a multidisciplinary educational intervention centered on the person, to verify the impact of this intervention on the emotional state of those waiting for cardiac surgery and to assess satisfaction with the intervention performed. Two longitudinal, pre-experimental, qualiquantitative studies were carried out. Method 1: In the first one, a multiprofessional educational intervention was carried out, and later a semi-structured questionnaire was applied to investigate the influence of the intervention on the pre and postoperative periods. Results 1: 25 adults participated. All reported that it was important to carry out an educational intervention in the preoperative period, they remembered the information offered in the preoperative period about the postoperative period, they considered that this helped them to communicate with the multidisciplinary team and 88% of them considered that the intervention caused changes in their feelings and/or thoughts related to cardiac surgery and the Intensive Care Unit. Conclusion 1: the intervention performed in the preoperative period of adults waiting for cardiac surgery was effective in providing prior knowledge of information about the surgery and treatment, leading to a change in feelings and/or thoughts related to the surgery and the Care Unit Intensive, better communication with the team and active participation of the individual in the recovery process. Method 2: there was the application of the HADS, DASS-21, PANAS, B-MEPS and EMRC scales before and after the multiprofessional educational intervention and, after the intervention, the NPS and an open question “How was it to participate in the Intervention?”. Results 2: 44 people participated. There were statistically significant changes in anxiety, depression, negative affects, preoperative stress and fears related to surgery between the moments before and after the intervention, with this moment showing lower levels. In addition, 93% declared satisfaction with the multidisciplinary educational intervention. Participants reported that receiving the guidelines helped them prepare for the procedure and for the postoperative period in the Intensive Care Unit and the relationship with the multidisciplinary team through the care provided by this team proved to be an important positive factor in the context of hospitalization. Conclusion 2: the multiprofessional educational intervention proved to be effective in modifying the levels of anxiety, negative affects, preoperative stress and fears related to cardiac surgery, satisfaction with the intervention and helped them to develop coping resources at the moment they were.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. In some cases, the most indicated treatment is heart surgery. Among the most frequently performed procedures are myocardial revascularization and valve replacement. These heart surgeries are complex, involve a series of procedures, and that is why multiprofessional care is essential. Objective: to structure a multidisciplinary educational intervention centered on the person, to verify the impact of this intervention on the emotional state of those waiting for cardiac surgery and to assess satisfaction with the intervention performed. Two longitudinal, pre-experimental, qualiquantitative studies were carried out. Method 1: In the first one, a multiprofessional educational intervention was carried out, and later a semi-structured questionnaire was applied to investigate the influence of the intervention on the pre and postoperative periods. Results 1: 25 adults participated. All reported that it was important to carry out an educational intervention in the preoperative period, they remembered the information offered in the preoperative period about the postoperative period, they considered that this helped them to communicate with the multidisciplinary team and 88% of them considered that the intervention caused changes in their feelings and/or thoughts related to cardiac surgery and the Intensive Care Unit. Conclusion 1: the intervention performed in the preoperative period of adults waiting for cardiac surgery was effective in providing prior knowledge of information about the surgery and treatment, leading to a change in feelings and/or thoughts related to the surgery and the Care Unit Intensive, better communication with the team and active participation of the individual in the recovery process. Method 2: there was the application of the HADS, DASS-21, PANAS, B-MEPS and EMRC scales before and after the multiprofessional educational intervention and, after the intervention, the NPS and an open question “How was it to participate in the Intervention?”. Results 2: 44 people participated. There were statistically significant changes in anxiety, depression, negative affects, preoperative stress and fears related to surgery between the moments before and after the intervention, with this moment showing lower levels. In addition, 93% declared satisfaction with the multidisciplinary educational intervention. Participants reported that receiving the guidelines helped them prepare for the procedure and for the postoperative period in the Intensive Care Unit and the relationship with the multidisciplinary team through the care provided by this team proved to be an important positive factor in the context of hospitalization. Conclusion 2: the multiprofessional educational intervention proved to be effective in modifying the levels of anxiety, negative affects, preoperative stress and fears related to cardiac surgery, satisfaction with the intervention and helped them to develop coping resources at the moment they were.
Descrição
Citação
CHÁRA Erika. Repercussões da Intervenção Educativa Multiprofissional no Estado Emocional de Pessoas em Aguardo para a Cirurgia Cardíaca. 2021. 163 f. Dissertação (Mestrado Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde) - Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2021.