Síntese de recomendações de diretrizes clínicas sobre amamentação
Data
2020-09-30
Autores
Campos, Larissa Vancini de 
Orientadores
Melo, Daniela Oliveira de
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A amamentação é um cuidado fundamental de grande impacto na saúde da mãe e no
desenvolvimento do bebê. O leite materno é um alimento completo que apresenta fator de
proteção para o desenvolvimento de diversas comorbidades, como obesidade e doenças
infecciosas do trato respiratório, e apresenta benefícios para a nutriz a curto e longo prazo,
como a diminuição da perda de sangue e a redução de risco em desenvolver câncer de
mama. Para otimizar a prática clínica contribuindo com a promoção de políticas públicas
são desenvolvidas as Diretrizes Clínicas (DC). Esses documentos são revisões
sistematicamente desenvolvidas e baseadas em evidências documentadas, e para alcançar
tais especificidades são necessários recursos humanos, financeiros, tempo e conhecimento
técnico. Sendo assim, é sensato desenvolver adaptações de DC de qualidade já existentes
para realidades locais diferentes da que elas foram criadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi
sintetizar as recomendações para amamentação a partir de diretrizes clínicas de alta
qualidade metodológica. A partir de estudos prévios e a plataforma de busca ECRI foram
elencadas as DC a serem utilizadas. As recomendações das DC de alta qualidade foram
extraídas e, posteriormente, sintetizadas e categorizadas. Também foram selecionados
documentos nacionais para comparação das informações. As recomendações
internacionais não discordam entre si, mas se complementam. Já em relação aos
documentos nacionais, houve discordância como não recomendar o aleitamento materno
se a mãe for portadora do vírus HIV ou usuária de drogas, enquanto as DC internacionais
mantêm a recomendação de amamentação, além de discordar sobre manter a
amamentação durante o uso de clonazepam e Erva de São João.
Breastfeeding is a fundamental care that has a great impact on the mother's health and the baby's development. Breast milk is a complete food that presents a protective factor for the development of various comorbidities such as obesity and infectious diseases of the respiratory tract and has benefits for the short and long term nutrition such as decreased blood loss and reduced development of breast cancer. In order to optimize the clinical practice contributing to the promotion of public policies, Clinical Guidelines (CG) are developed. These documents are systematic reviews developed based on documented evidence, but to achieve such specificities, human and financial resources, time and technical knowledge are required. Therefore, it is reasonable to develop CG from existing guidelines with high quality using adaptations for local realities different from the one they were created for. The objective of this work was to synthesize breastfeeding recommendations from high quality clinical methodological guidelines. Based on previous studies and the ECRI search platform, we listed the CG's to be used. The recommendations for high quality CG were extracted and later synthesized and categorized. National documents were also selected to compare the information. The international recommendations did not disagree, but complemented each other. In relation to the national documents, there was disagreement on how not to recommend breastfeeding if the mother is HIV positive or a drug abuser while the CG maintains the recommendation of breastfeeding, in addition to disagreeing on maintaining breastfeeding during the use of clonazepam and Saint John's herb.
Breastfeeding is a fundamental care that has a great impact on the mother's health and the baby's development. Breast milk is a complete food that presents a protective factor for the development of various comorbidities such as obesity and infectious diseases of the respiratory tract and has benefits for the short and long term nutrition such as decreased blood loss and reduced development of breast cancer. In order to optimize the clinical practice contributing to the promotion of public policies, Clinical Guidelines (CG) are developed. These documents are systematic reviews developed based on documented evidence, but to achieve such specificities, human and financial resources, time and technical knowledge are required. Therefore, it is reasonable to develop CG from existing guidelines with high quality using adaptations for local realities different from the one they were created for. The objective of this work was to synthesize breastfeeding recommendations from high quality clinical methodological guidelines. Based on previous studies and the ECRI search platform, we listed the CG's to be used. The recommendations for high quality CG were extracted and later synthesized and categorized. National documents were also selected to compare the information. The international recommendations did not disagree, but complemented each other. In relation to the national documents, there was disagreement on how not to recommend breastfeeding if the mother is HIV positive or a drug abuser while the CG maintains the recommendation of breastfeeding, in addition to disagreeing on maintaining breastfeeding during the use of clonazepam and Saint John's herb.