Bioprospecção de actinobactérias recuperadas de sedimento marinho na ilha de Queimada Grande com potencial anticâncer
Data
2022-07-25
Autores
Farias, Evelyn da Cruz 
Orientadores
Jimenez, Paula Christine
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O uso de substâncias naturais como forma de tratamento de diversas doenças está em
vigor até os dias atuais. E embora o meio marinho seja conhecido pela vasta
biodiversidade de microrganismos, somente no século passado houve um enfoque maior
em pesquisas relacionadas a bioprospecção de microrganismos com potencial
farmacológico, principalmente potencial anticâncer, por ser uma das doenças que mais
assolam a humanidade. Nesse aspecto, as actinobactérias são conhecidas como uma
fonte quase que inesgotável de recursos biotecnológicos, pois possuem metabólitos
secundários que podem ser utilizados como agentes antitumorais, o que nos mostra a
importância de estudos nessa temática. O Brasil, em particular, é dotado de uma rica
flora e fauna, especialmente em áreas insulares, pois o processo de especiação é mais
acentuado nessas regiões, e apesar da abundante riqueza de espécies, esse ambiente
carece de exploração. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente trabalho é prospectar o
potencial anticâncer de actinobactérias recuperadas de sedimento marinho coletado no
entorno da Ilha da Queimada Grande, no litoral de São Paulo. Foram recuperadas,
isoladas e purificadas 12 cepas de actinobactérias, das quais foram obtidos os extratos
em meio sólido e líquido que, posteriormente, foram testados quanto à citotoxicidade
contra células da linhagem tumoral humana HCT-116 pelo ensaio do MTT. Dentre os 20
extratos obtidos e testados, dois se mostraram mais ativos, sendo aqueles obtidos em
meio líquido das cepas BRB 537 e BRB 558, inibindo pelo menos 75% do crescimento
das células após 72h de exposição a 50 μg/mL. Por fim, estes extratos foram submetidos
a uma análise quantitativa de citotoxicidade, visando determinar o valor respectivo de
IC50 contra HCT-116, que foi calculado em 7,04 μg/mL e 27,59 μg/mL,
respectivamente. Esses resultados evidenciam o potencial anticâncer de actinobactérias
recuperadas do sedimento marinho da ilha de Queimada Grande.
The use of natural substances as a form of treatment of several diseases is in force until the present day, and although the marine environment is known for the vast biodiversity of microorganisms, only in the last century there was a greater focus on research related to the bioprospecting of microorganisms with potential pharmacological, mainly anticancer potential, as it is one of the diseases that most plague humanity. In this aspect, actinobacteria are known as an almost inexhaustible source of biotechnological resources, as they have secondary metabolites that can be used as antitumor agents, which shows us the importance of studies on this topic. Brazil, in particular, is endowed with a rich flora and fauna, especially in insular areas, as the speciation process is more accentuated in these regions, and despite the abundant species richness, this environment lacks exploration. In this context, the objective of the present work is to prospect the anticancer potential of actinobacteria recovered from marine sediment collected in the surroundings of Ilha da Queimada Grande, on the coast of São Paulo. 12 strains of actinobacteria were recovered, isolated and purified, from which extracts from solid and liquid cultures were obtained and later tested for cytotoxicity against the human tumor cell line HCT-116. Among the 20 extracts tested, two of these, obtained from the culture in liquid media of strains BRB 537 and BRB 558 were shown to be more active, inhibiting at least 75% of cell growth. following 72h exposure to cells at 50 μg/mL. Finally, these active extracts were subjected to a quantitative analysis of their cytotoxicity to determine their IC50 against HCT-116, which was calculated at 7.04 μg/mL e 27.59 μg/mL, respectively. These results show the anticancer potential of actinobacteria recovered from the marine sediment of the island of Queimada Grande.
The use of natural substances as a form of treatment of several diseases is in force until the present day, and although the marine environment is known for the vast biodiversity of microorganisms, only in the last century there was a greater focus on research related to the bioprospecting of microorganisms with potential pharmacological, mainly anticancer potential, as it is one of the diseases that most plague humanity. In this aspect, actinobacteria are known as an almost inexhaustible source of biotechnological resources, as they have secondary metabolites that can be used as antitumor agents, which shows us the importance of studies on this topic. Brazil, in particular, is endowed with a rich flora and fauna, especially in insular areas, as the speciation process is more accentuated in these regions, and despite the abundant species richness, this environment lacks exploration. In this context, the objective of the present work is to prospect the anticancer potential of actinobacteria recovered from marine sediment collected in the surroundings of Ilha da Queimada Grande, on the coast of São Paulo. 12 strains of actinobacteria were recovered, isolated and purified, from which extracts from solid and liquid cultures were obtained and later tested for cytotoxicity against the human tumor cell line HCT-116. Among the 20 extracts tested, two of these, obtained from the culture in liquid media of strains BRB 537 and BRB 558 were shown to be more active, inhibiting at least 75% of cell growth. following 72h exposure to cells at 50 μg/mL. Finally, these active extracts were subjected to a quantitative analysis of their cytotoxicity to determine their IC50 against HCT-116, which was calculated at 7.04 μg/mL e 27.59 μg/mL, respectively. These results show the anticancer potential of actinobacteria recovered from the marine sediment of the island of Queimada Grande.
Descrição
Citação
FARIAS, Evelyn da Cruz. Bioprospecção de actinobactérias recuperadas de sedimento marinho na ilha de Queimada Grande com potencial anticâncer. 2022. 33 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Bacharelado Interdisciplinar em Ciência e Tecnologia do Mar) - Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos, 2022.